12/02/2025 10:05:24
Soils Exam 1
Oxisol
Soils with residual accumulations of low activity clays, free oxides, kaolin, and quarts
Aridisol
Soils of dry climates, low in organic matter and never moist for as long as 3
consecutive months
Gelisol
Soils that have permafrost within the upper 1m. They may have an ochric, histic,
mollic, or other epipedon
Mollisol
Soils with nearly blakc, organic-rich surface horizons and high supply of bases
An area that recieves excess moisture during the entire growing season in tropical
climate will likely feature this soil order. Which is?
Oxisol
Ultisol
Soils that are low in bases and have subsurface horizons of illuvial clay
accumulations. Usually moist, but during the warm season of the year some are dry
part of the day
An area that includes frequent/persistent moisture deficit during the growing seaon in
temperate clinate will likely feature this soil order. Which is?
Aridisol
Mollisol has deep topsoil. High levels of SOM orginate from decaying roots of
herbaceous vegetation. T/F
True
Many soil classified as Gelisol contain very high levels of relatively undecomposed
organic matter. T/F
True
Mollisol developed over very long periods of time under this type of vegetation?
Which is?
Herbaceous
Sedimentary rocks are ________.
Formed from sediments that have undergone compression and cementation
Soils of East Texas developed predominantly from this type of parent material.
Which is?
Sedimentary rocks
This parent material shows signs of stratification and was deposited alongside
flowing stream that periodically spilled onto the surrounding flood plane. Which is?
Alluvium
This coarse-textured parent material was transported and sorted by wind. Which is?
Dune Sand
This parent materials was transported and sorted by ice/glacier. Which is?
Till
COmplexity of soil progile will increase with passage of time. Eventually though, after
hundreds of thousands of years, soil profile of soil forming under very intense
weathering conditions will simplify and become dominated by this group of minerals.
Which is?
Aluminum (Hydr)oxides
, 12/02/2025 10:05:24
Soil developing for thousands of years from weathering-resistant, nutrient poor
parent material like dune sand under temperature climate may remain in the
_________ stage.
Youth
The role of humans in soil formation is always positive. T/F
False
Match the topographiz position with a deph of mottled zone:
Intermediate Summit
Shallow Backslope
Deep Toeslope
Intermediate-Backslope
Shallow-Toeslope
Deep-Summit
What is the drainage pattern for summit?
Well Drained
What is the drainage pattern for shoulder?
Moderately well drained
What is the drainage pattern for backslope?
Imperfectly Drained
What is the drainage pattern for footslope?
Poorly drained
What is the drainage pattern for toeslope?
Very poorly drained
In Temperate parts of the Northen hemisphere, southern aspect on a slope above
10% speeds up soil development. T/F
False
5 Areas of Soil Science
1. Soil Classification
2. Physical Properties
3. Biological properties
4. Breaking down waste
5. Soil fertility
5 Soil Forming Factors
1. Climate
2. Organisms
3. Topographic Relief
4. Parent Material
5. Time
Plants grow only because water?
NO; They need H,C,O,N But water does supply most of their needs
What are the 8 MOST abundant elements in Earth's Crust?
O, Si, Al, Fe
Na, K, Mg, Ca
What is soil composed of?
Sand, Silt, and Clay
What is the most ideal soil composition?
25% Water
25% Air
45% Minerals
5% Natural Organic Matter
Soils Exam 1
Oxisol
Soils with residual accumulations of low activity clays, free oxides, kaolin, and quarts
Aridisol
Soils of dry climates, low in organic matter and never moist for as long as 3
consecutive months
Gelisol
Soils that have permafrost within the upper 1m. They may have an ochric, histic,
mollic, or other epipedon
Mollisol
Soils with nearly blakc, organic-rich surface horizons and high supply of bases
An area that recieves excess moisture during the entire growing season in tropical
climate will likely feature this soil order. Which is?
Oxisol
Ultisol
Soils that are low in bases and have subsurface horizons of illuvial clay
accumulations. Usually moist, but during the warm season of the year some are dry
part of the day
An area that includes frequent/persistent moisture deficit during the growing seaon in
temperate clinate will likely feature this soil order. Which is?
Aridisol
Mollisol has deep topsoil. High levels of SOM orginate from decaying roots of
herbaceous vegetation. T/F
True
Many soil classified as Gelisol contain very high levels of relatively undecomposed
organic matter. T/F
True
Mollisol developed over very long periods of time under this type of vegetation?
Which is?
Herbaceous
Sedimentary rocks are ________.
Formed from sediments that have undergone compression and cementation
Soils of East Texas developed predominantly from this type of parent material.
Which is?
Sedimentary rocks
This parent material shows signs of stratification and was deposited alongside
flowing stream that periodically spilled onto the surrounding flood plane. Which is?
Alluvium
This coarse-textured parent material was transported and sorted by wind. Which is?
Dune Sand
This parent materials was transported and sorted by ice/glacier. Which is?
Till
COmplexity of soil progile will increase with passage of time. Eventually though, after
hundreds of thousands of years, soil profile of soil forming under very intense
weathering conditions will simplify and become dominated by this group of minerals.
Which is?
Aluminum (Hydr)oxides
, 12/02/2025 10:05:24
Soil developing for thousands of years from weathering-resistant, nutrient poor
parent material like dune sand under temperature climate may remain in the
_________ stage.
Youth
The role of humans in soil formation is always positive. T/F
False
Match the topographiz position with a deph of mottled zone:
Intermediate Summit
Shallow Backslope
Deep Toeslope
Intermediate-Backslope
Shallow-Toeslope
Deep-Summit
What is the drainage pattern for summit?
Well Drained
What is the drainage pattern for shoulder?
Moderately well drained
What is the drainage pattern for backslope?
Imperfectly Drained
What is the drainage pattern for footslope?
Poorly drained
What is the drainage pattern for toeslope?
Very poorly drained
In Temperate parts of the Northen hemisphere, southern aspect on a slope above
10% speeds up soil development. T/F
False
5 Areas of Soil Science
1. Soil Classification
2. Physical Properties
3. Biological properties
4. Breaking down waste
5. Soil fertility
5 Soil Forming Factors
1. Climate
2. Organisms
3. Topographic Relief
4. Parent Material
5. Time
Plants grow only because water?
NO; They need H,C,O,N But water does supply most of their needs
What are the 8 MOST abundant elements in Earth's Crust?
O, Si, Al, Fe
Na, K, Mg, Ca
What is soil composed of?
Sand, Silt, and Clay
What is the most ideal soil composition?
25% Water
25% Air
45% Minerals
5% Natural Organic Matter
