Page 1 of 9
Molecular biology/ bio 112. Study questions and
correct validated answers. Latest update 2025 2026
academic year. Pass guarantee. Already graded A.
: questionChemiosmosis - answerA process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an
electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.
: questionDephosphorylation - answerRemoval of a phosphate group
: questionOxidative phosphorylation - answerProduction of ATP using the process of
chemiosmosis and oxygen
Glycolysis - answerAnaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, makes ATP and NADH/H+
: questionWhat type of biological molecule is an enzyme mostly made of? -
answerEnzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as catalysts and help complex
reactions occur everywhere in life.
: questionPhosphorylation - answerAddition of a high-energy phosphate to a compound,
usually a metabolic intermediate, a protein, or ADP
: questionRedox reaction - answerChemical reaction that consists of the coupling of an
oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction
, Page 2 of 9
: questionSubstrate-level phosphorylation - answerProduction of ATP from ADP using the
excess energy from a chemical reaction and a phosphate group from a reactant
: questionHow do enzymes speed up chemical reactions? - answerBy helping to lower the
activation energy needed to start a reaction.
: questionWhat would occur if an enzyme which typically functions in a pH of 7.2 finds itself
in a pH of 10? What impact does this have on the enzyme's ability to function? -
answerEnzymes are affected by changes in pH. When the pH value deviates from the ideal
conditions, the activity of the enzyme slows down and then stops.
: questionWhat is the active site? Why is this important to an enzyme's function? -
answerThe active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds. An active site
contains a binding site that binds the substrate and orients it for catalysis. The orientation of
the substrate and the close proximity between it and the active site is so important that in
some cases the enzyme can still function properly even though all other parts are mutated
and lose function.
: questionHow do cells regulate enzyme function? - answerCells regulate enzyme activity
through two methods: allosteric inhibition and competitive inhibition. Allosteric inhibition is
when something (an ion, an organic chemical, etc..) bonds to a site on the enzyme (not on
the active site), and changes the shape of the enzyme. Competitive inhibition is when
something (an ion, an organic chemical, etc..) enters the active site so that the true
substrate can not enter into the enzyme to have a reaction.
Molecular biology/ bio 112. Study questions and
correct validated answers. Latest update 2025 2026
academic year. Pass guarantee. Already graded A.
: questionChemiosmosis - answerA process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an
electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.
: questionDephosphorylation - answerRemoval of a phosphate group
: questionOxidative phosphorylation - answerProduction of ATP using the process of
chemiosmosis and oxygen
Glycolysis - answerAnaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, makes ATP and NADH/H+
: questionWhat type of biological molecule is an enzyme mostly made of? -
answerEnzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as catalysts and help complex
reactions occur everywhere in life.
: questionPhosphorylation - answerAddition of a high-energy phosphate to a compound,
usually a metabolic intermediate, a protein, or ADP
: questionRedox reaction - answerChemical reaction that consists of the coupling of an
oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction
, Page 2 of 9
: questionSubstrate-level phosphorylation - answerProduction of ATP from ADP using the
excess energy from a chemical reaction and a phosphate group from a reactant
: questionHow do enzymes speed up chemical reactions? - answerBy helping to lower the
activation energy needed to start a reaction.
: questionWhat would occur if an enzyme which typically functions in a pH of 7.2 finds itself
in a pH of 10? What impact does this have on the enzyme's ability to function? -
answerEnzymes are affected by changes in pH. When the pH value deviates from the ideal
conditions, the activity of the enzyme slows down and then stops.
: questionWhat is the active site? Why is this important to an enzyme's function? -
answerThe active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds. An active site
contains a binding site that binds the substrate and orients it for catalysis. The orientation of
the substrate and the close proximity between it and the active site is so important that in
some cases the enzyme can still function properly even though all other parts are mutated
and lose function.
: questionHow do cells regulate enzyme function? - answerCells regulate enzyme activity
through two methods: allosteric inhibition and competitive inhibition. Allosteric inhibition is
when something (an ion, an organic chemical, etc..) bonds to a site on the enzyme (not on
the active site), and changes the shape of the enzyme. Competitive inhibition is when
something (an ion, an organic chemical, etc..) enters the active site so that the true
substrate can not enter into the enzyme to have a reaction.
