Rasmussen Pathophysiology - Final
Exam Review Questions and Correct
Answers
On an electrocardiogram (EKG), the P wave represents which of the following?
A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular depolarization
C) Atrial repolarization
D) Ventricular repolarization - ✔✔A) Atrial depolarization
Select all that apply. Which lab values are incorrect?
A. Na+ 135-145
B. K+ 2.3-2.9
C. Mg 1.8-2.4
D. Calcium 2-3 - ✔✔B. K+ 2.3-2.9
D. Calcium 2-3
What electrolyte, if too high or low, can cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Mg
B. Na+
C. K+
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,D. Ca - ✔✔C. K+
A patient has ABGS as follows: pH 7.28, PaC02 59, HC03 24, PaO2 85. This would
be diagnosed as
A. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia
B. Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia
C. Metabolic acidosis with hypoxemia
D. Metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia - ✔✔A. Respiratory acidosis with
hypoxemia
This type of cell is found in all the tissues of the body, and as part of the
inflammatory response, releases histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
A. Leukocyte
B. Mast cell
C. CD4 helper cell
D. Macrophage - ✔✔B. Mast cell
An increase in the size of cells in an organ is known as
A. Neoplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Apoptosis - ✔✔B. Hyperplasia
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,The organelle in the cell that is responsible for producing ATP (Adenosine
triphosphate) is the
A. Golgi body
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondria - ✔✔D. Mitochondria
Homeostasis is defined as:
A. A state of equilibrium in an organism
B. A blood clotting mechanism
C. Part of the inflammatory process
D. Cellular adaptation - ✔✔A. A state of equilibrium in an organism
A benign tumor usually metastasizes.
A. True
B. False - ✔✔B. False
A malignant growth tends to produce (SAA)
A. Anaplastic cells
B. Metastatic tumors
C. Undifferentiated cells
D. Cells that invade the basement membrane of an organ - ✔✔All of the above
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, The ion imbalance that is responsible for raising or lowering the pH is:
A. Potassium
B. Hydrogen
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ✔✔B. Hydrogen
This cell engulfs bacteria and destroys them:
A. Phagocyte
B. Neutrophil
C. Granulocyte
D. Eosinophil - ✔✔A. Phagocyte
This type of WBC is usually elevated with nasal allergies
A. Basophil
B. Mast cells
C. Macrophage
D. Neutrophil - ✔✔A. Basophil
The patient's WBC count is 18. This would indicate:
A. Anemia
B. Allergic reaction
C. Infection
Page 4 of 85
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Exam Review Questions and Correct
Answers
On an electrocardiogram (EKG), the P wave represents which of the following?
A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular depolarization
C) Atrial repolarization
D) Ventricular repolarization - ✔✔A) Atrial depolarization
Select all that apply. Which lab values are incorrect?
A. Na+ 135-145
B. K+ 2.3-2.9
C. Mg 1.8-2.4
D. Calcium 2-3 - ✔✔B. K+ 2.3-2.9
D. Calcium 2-3
What electrolyte, if too high or low, can cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Mg
B. Na+
C. K+
Page 1 of 85
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,D. Ca - ✔✔C. K+
A patient has ABGS as follows: pH 7.28, PaC02 59, HC03 24, PaO2 85. This would
be diagnosed as
A. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia
B. Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia
C. Metabolic acidosis with hypoxemia
D. Metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia - ✔✔A. Respiratory acidosis with
hypoxemia
This type of cell is found in all the tissues of the body, and as part of the
inflammatory response, releases histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
A. Leukocyte
B. Mast cell
C. CD4 helper cell
D. Macrophage - ✔✔B. Mast cell
An increase in the size of cells in an organ is known as
A. Neoplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Apoptosis - ✔✔B. Hyperplasia
Page 2 of 85
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,The organelle in the cell that is responsible for producing ATP (Adenosine
triphosphate) is the
A. Golgi body
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondria - ✔✔D. Mitochondria
Homeostasis is defined as:
A. A state of equilibrium in an organism
B. A blood clotting mechanism
C. Part of the inflammatory process
D. Cellular adaptation - ✔✔A. A state of equilibrium in an organism
A benign tumor usually metastasizes.
A. True
B. False - ✔✔B. False
A malignant growth tends to produce (SAA)
A. Anaplastic cells
B. Metastatic tumors
C. Undifferentiated cells
D. Cells that invade the basement membrane of an organ - ✔✔All of the above
Page 3 of 85
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, The ion imbalance that is responsible for raising or lowering the pH is:
A. Potassium
B. Hydrogen
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ✔✔B. Hydrogen
This cell engulfs bacteria and destroys them:
A. Phagocyte
B. Neutrophil
C. Granulocyte
D. Eosinophil - ✔✔A. Phagocyte
This type of WBC is usually elevated with nasal allergies
A. Basophil
B. Mast cells
C. Macrophage
D. Neutrophil - ✔✔A. Basophil
The patient's WBC count is 18. This would indicate:
A. Anemia
B. Allergic reaction
C. Infection
Page 4 of 85
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
