BCH3025 Module 2 UF Questions With Complete Solutions
proteins
main agents of biological function
linear heteropolymers of α-amino acids
have properties that are well suited to carry a variety of
functions
-capacity to polymerize
-useful acid-base properties
-varied physical properties
-varied chemical functionality
four main functions of proteins
1) catalysis
2) transport
3) structure
4) motion
catalysis
the acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst
examples:
,enolase (in the glycolytic pathway)
DNA polymerase (in DNA replication)
transport
examples:
hemoglobin (transports O2 in the blood)
lactose permease (transports lactose across the cell membrane)
structure
examples:
collagen (connective tissues)
keratin (hair, nails, feathers, horns)
motion
examples:
myosin (muscle tissue)
actin (muscle tissue, cell motility)
protein function
mediate virtually every process in the cell
virtually endless diversity of function
cells can produce proteins with different properties by
rearranging 20 amino acids
Glycine
Gly, G, nonpolar aliphatic
,Alanine
Ala, A, nonpolar aliphatic
Proline
Pro, P, nonpolar aliphatic
Valine
Val, V, nonpolar aliphatic
Leucine
Leu, L, nonpolar aliphatic
, Isoleucine
Ile, I, nonpolar aliphatic
Methionine
Met, M, nonpolar aliphatic
Phenylalanine
Phe, F, aromatic
light absorption generally contributes little to the
spectrophotometric properties of proteins
Tyrosine
proteins
main agents of biological function
linear heteropolymers of α-amino acids
have properties that are well suited to carry a variety of
functions
-capacity to polymerize
-useful acid-base properties
-varied physical properties
-varied chemical functionality
four main functions of proteins
1) catalysis
2) transport
3) structure
4) motion
catalysis
the acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst
examples:
,enolase (in the glycolytic pathway)
DNA polymerase (in DNA replication)
transport
examples:
hemoglobin (transports O2 in the blood)
lactose permease (transports lactose across the cell membrane)
structure
examples:
collagen (connective tissues)
keratin (hair, nails, feathers, horns)
motion
examples:
myosin (muscle tissue)
actin (muscle tissue, cell motility)
protein function
mediate virtually every process in the cell
virtually endless diversity of function
cells can produce proteins with different properties by
rearranging 20 amino acids
Glycine
Gly, G, nonpolar aliphatic
,Alanine
Ala, A, nonpolar aliphatic
Proline
Pro, P, nonpolar aliphatic
Valine
Val, V, nonpolar aliphatic
Leucine
Leu, L, nonpolar aliphatic
, Isoleucine
Ile, I, nonpolar aliphatic
Methionine
Met, M, nonpolar aliphatic
Phenylalanine
Phe, F, aromatic
light absorption generally contributes little to the
spectrophotometric properties of proteins
Tyrosine
