1
NSG
NSG 3800 / NSG3800 E XAM 1: (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) NURSING PRACTICE - ADULT HEALTH
II REVIEW| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A|
100% CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- GALEN
1. What solution/fluids should we use for patients in mild Na
deficit?: Normal saline
2. A patient who has blood loss or diarrhea, can benefit from
what type of fluids?: Lactated Ringers
3. Approximately 2/3 of body fluid is in the
_______________________ compartment.
Approximately 1/3 of body fluid is in the
_______________________ compartment.: Intracellular fluid
(ICF)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
4. Which compartment contains the intravascular (blood),
interstitial, and trans cellular fluid spaces?: ECF
5. Total body water makes up approximately how much body
weight?: 60%
6. What are the 3 divisions of ECF?: 1. Intravascular space
(plasma)
2. Interstitial space (fluid which surrounds cell i.e. lymph)
3. Transcellular space (CSF, pericardial, synovial, intraocular,
pleural fluids, sweat, and digestive secretions)
7. Third-space fluid accumulates within membrane-bound
spaces in the body. What are examples of third-spacing
fluid?: - ascites
- pleural effusion
NSG 3800
,- pericardial effusion
- angioedema
8. What is serum osmolality?: A measure of the solute
concentration of the blood
(usually sodium, BUN, and glucose)
9. What is urea?: Waste! BUN measures urea
1. Protein is digested
2. turned into ammonia
3. liver turns ammonia to urea for excretion
10. Will your HCT be higher or lower of you are dehydrated?:
Higher
*HCT measures percentage of RBCs in whole blood
11. Will your HCT be higher or lower of you are
overhydrated?: Lower
12. What lab measures muscle breakdown which is excreted
by kidneys?: Creatinine
13. The body does not retain sodium in fluid volume deficit.
T/F?: False. It does. Dehydration causes cells to become
hypertonic.
14. What study is best to measure fluid status and most
indicative of sodium?: Urine osmolality
15. What does urine specific gravity measure?: Density of
urine compared to water. It includes glucose and protein.
16 What is the difference between hypovolemia and
dehydration?: Hypovolemia indicates equal parts of electrolyte
and water loss while dehydration refers to loss of water alone with
increased Na levels.
17. ADH and aldosterone tell our kidneys to _______ onto
water.: hold
18. Can ADH deficiency or resistance cause hyper- or
hypovolemia?: Hypovolemia
, * ADH means "anti" + "excessive urine" which means when we
have a defect in ADH, we are urinating excessively and losing
fluid.
19. What is the #1 sign of hypovolemia? It is also our first
intervention.: Weight loss
* daily weights every 24hrs at the
same time of day 20. I have:
- high HCT
- high BUN - high Na+
- Increased urine specific gravity + osmolality
Am I hypovolemic or hypervolemic?: Hypovolemic
21. How do we medically manage hypovolemia?: - if not
severe, oral hydration preferred
- isotonic or hypotonic IV (helps excrete metabolic waste)
22. What is nursing management of hypovolemia?: 1. I+O q8h
or hourly
2. daily weights
3. V/S q4h
4. observe for weak, rapid pulse, and orthostatic hypo
5. skin turgor and mucus membranes
6. id risk factors (treat the cause)
23. An acute loss of 0.5kg (1.1lbs) represents a fluid loss of
how many mLs?: 500mL
24. How much does 1L of fluid weigh?: 1kg
25. What are causes of hypervolemia?: - low kidney fx
- heart pumping action
- hormonal imbalance (ADH, aldosterone) aka retaining too much
H20 and Na+
- liver failure
- rapid fluid administration
- high Na+ intake
NSG
NSG 3800 / NSG3800 E XAM 1: (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) NURSING PRACTICE - ADULT HEALTH
II REVIEW| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A|
100% CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- GALEN
1. What solution/fluids should we use for patients in mild Na
deficit?: Normal saline
2. A patient who has blood loss or diarrhea, can benefit from
what type of fluids?: Lactated Ringers
3. Approximately 2/3 of body fluid is in the
_______________________ compartment.
Approximately 1/3 of body fluid is in the
_______________________ compartment.: Intracellular fluid
(ICF)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
4. Which compartment contains the intravascular (blood),
interstitial, and trans cellular fluid spaces?: ECF
5. Total body water makes up approximately how much body
weight?: 60%
6. What are the 3 divisions of ECF?: 1. Intravascular space
(plasma)
2. Interstitial space (fluid which surrounds cell i.e. lymph)
3. Transcellular space (CSF, pericardial, synovial, intraocular,
pleural fluids, sweat, and digestive secretions)
7. Third-space fluid accumulates within membrane-bound
spaces in the body. What are examples of third-spacing
fluid?: - ascites
- pleural effusion
NSG 3800
,- pericardial effusion
- angioedema
8. What is serum osmolality?: A measure of the solute
concentration of the blood
(usually sodium, BUN, and glucose)
9. What is urea?: Waste! BUN measures urea
1. Protein is digested
2. turned into ammonia
3. liver turns ammonia to urea for excretion
10. Will your HCT be higher or lower of you are dehydrated?:
Higher
*HCT measures percentage of RBCs in whole blood
11. Will your HCT be higher or lower of you are
overhydrated?: Lower
12. What lab measures muscle breakdown which is excreted
by kidneys?: Creatinine
13. The body does not retain sodium in fluid volume deficit.
T/F?: False. It does. Dehydration causes cells to become
hypertonic.
14. What study is best to measure fluid status and most
indicative of sodium?: Urine osmolality
15. What does urine specific gravity measure?: Density of
urine compared to water. It includes glucose and protein.
16 What is the difference between hypovolemia and
dehydration?: Hypovolemia indicates equal parts of electrolyte
and water loss while dehydration refers to loss of water alone with
increased Na levels.
17. ADH and aldosterone tell our kidneys to _______ onto
water.: hold
18. Can ADH deficiency or resistance cause hyper- or
hypovolemia?: Hypovolemia
, * ADH means "anti" + "excessive urine" which means when we
have a defect in ADH, we are urinating excessively and losing
fluid.
19. What is the #1 sign of hypovolemia? It is also our first
intervention.: Weight loss
* daily weights every 24hrs at the
same time of day 20. I have:
- high HCT
- high BUN - high Na+
- Increased urine specific gravity + osmolality
Am I hypovolemic or hypervolemic?: Hypovolemic
21. How do we medically manage hypovolemia?: - if not
severe, oral hydration preferred
- isotonic or hypotonic IV (helps excrete metabolic waste)
22. What is nursing management of hypovolemia?: 1. I+O q8h
or hourly
2. daily weights
3. V/S q4h
4. observe for weak, rapid pulse, and orthostatic hypo
5. skin turgor and mucus membranes
6. id risk factors (treat the cause)
23. An acute loss of 0.5kg (1.1lbs) represents a fluid loss of
how many mLs?: 500mL
24. How much does 1L of fluid weigh?: 1kg
25. What are causes of hypervolemia?: - low kidney fx
- heart pumping action
- hormonal imbalance (ADH, aldosterone) aka retaining too much
H20 and Na+
- liver failure
- rapid fluid administration
- high Na+ intake
