Personality Psychology Exam 3 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
According to the humanists, fully functioning individuals do NOT:
a. Trust their feelings
b. Accept and live by the social norms instilled by good parents
c. Live each moment as it comes
d. Express their anger - CORRECT ANSWER - Accept and live by the social norms
instilled by good parents
Self-efficacy therapy is designed to help people _____
a. Learn to interact better with others
b. Develop their skills and natural abilities
c. Believe that they can have an impact on the environment and change problem behaviors
d. Deal with the environment more efficiently - CORRECT ANSWER - Believe that they
can have an impact on the environment and change problem behaviors
Critics of behaviorism point out that
a. Behaviorists give too much attention to the role of heredity
b. There are limits on the usefulness and effectiveness of basic conditioning principles
c. Behaviorists need to do more research with lab animals and less with human participants
d. Behaviorists have failed to test many of their ideas with empirical studies - CORRECT
ANSWER - There are limits on the usefulness and effectiveness of basic conditioning
principles
,According to Maslow, a man who has satisfied his physiological and safety needs will probably
become highly aware of his need for _____
a. Friends and a romantic relationship
b. Self-respect
c. Respect from his peers
d. Self-actualization - CORRECT ANSWER - Friends and a romantic relationship
Mutchnick's triangle of cognitive behaviorism suggest all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Mood affects behavior
b. Behavior affects mood
c. Thoughts can be changed
d. Thoughts are independent of mood and behavior - CORRECT ANSWER - Thoughts are
independent of mood and behavior
Every time a boy visited his grandfather, he would pass a house with a large dog in the yard that
would bark and scare the boy. Years later, the boy becomes anxious whenever he visits his
grandfather, even though the dog is no longer there. The boy learned to become anxious in this
situation through which process?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Observational learning
d. Punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - Classical conditioning
A person can learn a behavior without ever performing it. This concept is part of which approach
to personality?
a. Skinner's radical behaviorism
,b. Bandura's social cognitive theory
c. Rotter's social learning theory
d. Watson's behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - Bandura's social cognitive theory
Schemas help us to do all the following except one. Which one?
a. Perceive features in our environment
b. Organize information
c. Retrieve information from memory
d. Avoid stereotyping - CORRECT ANSWER - Avoid stereotyping
Which of the following concepts is generally accepted by advocates of the humanistic approach
to psychology?
a. No one can know a client in therapy better than the client himself or herself
b. It is the therapist's job to explain to the client the new goals the client must set for him- or
herself
c. People should spend more time thinking about the future and planning the directions of their
lives
d. People need to see how their past sets the course for where their lives are going - CORRECT
ANSWER - No one can know a client in therapy better than the client himself or herself
Watson paired a loud noise with the appearance of a white rat to create a fear of the animal in a
boy known as Little Albert. Watson performed this experiment to demonstrate that _____
a. Phobias can develop through classical conditioning
b. Phobias can develop through operant conditioning
c. Learning can take place in the absence of language skills
d. Behaviors can be conditioned in children as young as 11 months old - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phobias can develop through classical conditioning
, Which of the following treatments for problem behaviors would be an application of operant
conditioning?
a. Aversion therapy
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Biofeedback
d. All of these - CORRECT ANSWER - Biofeedback
A boy hits his younger sister. What might a Rogerian (Carl Rogers) therapist recommend the
parents say to the child?
a. "Hitting your sister is wrong. You are a bad boy."
b. "You need another way to express your feelings."
c. "I love you, but I do not like it when you hit your sister"
d. "You will be punished if you do that again." - CORRECT ANSWER - "I love you, but I
do not like it when you hit your sister"
Token economy treatment programs are based on what concept?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Self-efficacy
d. Observational learning - CORRECT ANSWER - Operant conditioning
Positive and negative reinforcement are similar in that both procedures _____
a. Are used to increase the frequency of behavior
b. Are used to decrease the frequency of behavior
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
According to the humanists, fully functioning individuals do NOT:
a. Trust their feelings
b. Accept and live by the social norms instilled by good parents
c. Live each moment as it comes
d. Express their anger - CORRECT ANSWER - Accept and live by the social norms
instilled by good parents
Self-efficacy therapy is designed to help people _____
a. Learn to interact better with others
b. Develop their skills and natural abilities
c. Believe that they can have an impact on the environment and change problem behaviors
d. Deal with the environment more efficiently - CORRECT ANSWER - Believe that they
can have an impact on the environment and change problem behaviors
Critics of behaviorism point out that
a. Behaviorists give too much attention to the role of heredity
b. There are limits on the usefulness and effectiveness of basic conditioning principles
c. Behaviorists need to do more research with lab animals and less with human participants
d. Behaviorists have failed to test many of their ideas with empirical studies - CORRECT
ANSWER - There are limits on the usefulness and effectiveness of basic conditioning
principles
,According to Maslow, a man who has satisfied his physiological and safety needs will probably
become highly aware of his need for _____
a. Friends and a romantic relationship
b. Self-respect
c. Respect from his peers
d. Self-actualization - CORRECT ANSWER - Friends and a romantic relationship
Mutchnick's triangle of cognitive behaviorism suggest all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Mood affects behavior
b. Behavior affects mood
c. Thoughts can be changed
d. Thoughts are independent of mood and behavior - CORRECT ANSWER - Thoughts are
independent of mood and behavior
Every time a boy visited his grandfather, he would pass a house with a large dog in the yard that
would bark and scare the boy. Years later, the boy becomes anxious whenever he visits his
grandfather, even though the dog is no longer there. The boy learned to become anxious in this
situation through which process?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Observational learning
d. Punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - Classical conditioning
A person can learn a behavior without ever performing it. This concept is part of which approach
to personality?
a. Skinner's radical behaviorism
,b. Bandura's social cognitive theory
c. Rotter's social learning theory
d. Watson's behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - Bandura's social cognitive theory
Schemas help us to do all the following except one. Which one?
a. Perceive features in our environment
b. Organize information
c. Retrieve information from memory
d. Avoid stereotyping - CORRECT ANSWER - Avoid stereotyping
Which of the following concepts is generally accepted by advocates of the humanistic approach
to psychology?
a. No one can know a client in therapy better than the client himself or herself
b. It is the therapist's job to explain to the client the new goals the client must set for him- or
herself
c. People should spend more time thinking about the future and planning the directions of their
lives
d. People need to see how their past sets the course for where their lives are going - CORRECT
ANSWER - No one can know a client in therapy better than the client himself or herself
Watson paired a loud noise with the appearance of a white rat to create a fear of the animal in a
boy known as Little Albert. Watson performed this experiment to demonstrate that _____
a. Phobias can develop through classical conditioning
b. Phobias can develop through operant conditioning
c. Learning can take place in the absence of language skills
d. Behaviors can be conditioned in children as young as 11 months old - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phobias can develop through classical conditioning
, Which of the following treatments for problem behaviors would be an application of operant
conditioning?
a. Aversion therapy
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Biofeedback
d. All of these - CORRECT ANSWER - Biofeedback
A boy hits his younger sister. What might a Rogerian (Carl Rogers) therapist recommend the
parents say to the child?
a. "Hitting your sister is wrong. You are a bad boy."
b. "You need another way to express your feelings."
c. "I love you, but I do not like it when you hit your sister"
d. "You will be punished if you do that again." - CORRECT ANSWER - "I love you, but I
do not like it when you hit your sister"
Token economy treatment programs are based on what concept?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Self-efficacy
d. Observational learning - CORRECT ANSWER - Operant conditioning
Positive and negative reinforcement are similar in that both procedures _____
a. Are used to increase the frequency of behavior
b. Are used to decrease the frequency of behavior
