ENPC FINAL EXAM Questions and
Answers Versions 2025 TOP RATED
A+
Physical complaints are not uncommon in children following a traumatic event.
Once any physical injuries or illnesses have been ruled out, assessment for any
other behavioral symptoms to facilitate appropriate care and follow-up would be
indicated. The incident occurred a week ago so the likelihood any an severe
medical issues is pretty low.
Which of the following patient presentations should increase suspicion of potential
child maltreatment?
A.Closed greenstick wrist fracture in a 4-year-old child who fell off his bicycle
B.Bruises in various stages of healing to the lower extremities of a 2-year-old child
C.Right radial spiral fracture in a 10 year old practicing martial arts
D.Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side - CORRECT
ANSWER D
Any bruises in a non-exploratory location (especially torso, ears, and neck) in
children younger than 4 years old and ANY bruising in a child younger than 4
months old is suspicious for child maltreatment. Bruises to the lower extremities of
a 2-year-old who is learning to walk on their own is not uncommon. Greenstick
fractures are a more common fracture is children due to the immaturity of their
bone structure. Martial arts includes many moves that could produce a spiral
fracture.
,The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had trouble breathing
for the past two days. Pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) reveals an age-
appropriate general appearance, rapid breathing with mild distress, and pink skin.
Mucous is noted in both nares. Which of the following is the best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory - CORRECT
ANSWER B
Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can have respiratory
distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be gently suctioned using a bulb
syringe or suction catheter. A good, thorough history should always include
immunization status for pediatric patients. The nose needs to be clear before
applying oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory assessment includes interventions
to improve breathing so you would not move to move to circulation until that is
accomplished.
You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following is the best
approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see - CORRECT ANSWER B
The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to provide distractions
whenever possible. They are in the cognitive development phase of
"sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the caregiver present is helpful. You
should move from the least invasive to most invasive tasks, and don't let them
watch you prepare since it will increase anxiety.
,Differences in infants airways - CORRECT ANSWER - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to adults whose are
mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp distress
- large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- monitor ET placement often
VS for 3-5 years - CORRECT ANSWER RR 18-35
HR
VS for 1-12 mo olds - CORRECT ANSWER RR 30-55
HR 90-180
VS for 12-18 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 12-20
HR 60-100
VS for 1-3 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 22-40
HR 85-104
VS for 5-12 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 16-30
HR 90-115
VS for less than 1 mo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 35-60
HR 90-180
, Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change - CORRECT
ANSWER hypothermia vs hyperthermia
How to perform procedures on child - CORRECT ANSWER least invasive to most
invasive
Tachycardia is considered a sign of in peds until proven otherwise - CORRECT
ANSWER inadequate tissue perfusion
CO in infants vs adults - CORRECT ANSWER twice that of adults- leaves less for
reserves
Abdominal trauma pediatric are at higher risk for injury due ot - CORRECT
ANSWER -larger organs such as spleen/kidney
-not fully attached sigmoid/colon
-protruding belly, higher ribcage, small pelvis, immature abdominal muscles
Birth to 12 mo nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER trust
vs mistrust- take in quiet voice, separation anxiety
1-3 yrs nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER autonomy
vs shame and doubt, let sit on caregivers lap
3-6 yrs nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER preschool,
initiative vs guilt, give simple explanations
Answers Versions 2025 TOP RATED
A+
Physical complaints are not uncommon in children following a traumatic event.
Once any physical injuries or illnesses have been ruled out, assessment for any
other behavioral symptoms to facilitate appropriate care and follow-up would be
indicated. The incident occurred a week ago so the likelihood any an severe
medical issues is pretty low.
Which of the following patient presentations should increase suspicion of potential
child maltreatment?
A.Closed greenstick wrist fracture in a 4-year-old child who fell off his bicycle
B.Bruises in various stages of healing to the lower extremities of a 2-year-old child
C.Right radial spiral fracture in a 10 year old practicing martial arts
D.Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side - CORRECT
ANSWER D
Any bruises in a non-exploratory location (especially torso, ears, and neck) in
children younger than 4 years old and ANY bruising in a child younger than 4
months old is suspicious for child maltreatment. Bruises to the lower extremities of
a 2-year-old who is learning to walk on their own is not uncommon. Greenstick
fractures are a more common fracture is children due to the immaturity of their
bone structure. Martial arts includes many moves that could produce a spiral
fracture.
,The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had trouble breathing
for the past two days. Pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) reveals an age-
appropriate general appearance, rapid breathing with mild distress, and pink skin.
Mucous is noted in both nares. Which of the following is the best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory - CORRECT
ANSWER B
Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can have respiratory
distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be gently suctioned using a bulb
syringe or suction catheter. A good, thorough history should always include
immunization status for pediatric patients. The nose needs to be clear before
applying oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory assessment includes interventions
to improve breathing so you would not move to move to circulation until that is
accomplished.
You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following is the best
approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see - CORRECT ANSWER B
The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to provide distractions
whenever possible. They are in the cognitive development phase of
"sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the caregiver present is helpful. You
should move from the least invasive to most invasive tasks, and don't let them
watch you prepare since it will increase anxiety.
,Differences in infants airways - CORRECT ANSWER - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to adults whose are
mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp distress
- large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- monitor ET placement often
VS for 3-5 years - CORRECT ANSWER RR 18-35
HR
VS for 1-12 mo olds - CORRECT ANSWER RR 30-55
HR 90-180
VS for 12-18 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 12-20
HR 60-100
VS for 1-3 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 22-40
HR 85-104
VS for 5-12 yo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 16-30
HR 90-115
VS for less than 1 mo - CORRECT ANSWER RR 35-60
HR 90-180
, Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change - CORRECT
ANSWER hypothermia vs hyperthermia
How to perform procedures on child - CORRECT ANSWER least invasive to most
invasive
Tachycardia is considered a sign of in peds until proven otherwise - CORRECT
ANSWER inadequate tissue perfusion
CO in infants vs adults - CORRECT ANSWER twice that of adults- leaves less for
reserves
Abdominal trauma pediatric are at higher risk for injury due ot - CORRECT
ANSWER -larger organs such as spleen/kidney
-not fully attached sigmoid/colon
-protruding belly, higher ribcage, small pelvis, immature abdominal muscles
Birth to 12 mo nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER trust
vs mistrust- take in quiet voice, separation anxiety
1-3 yrs nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER autonomy
vs shame and doubt, let sit on caregivers lap
3-6 yrs nursing technique/stage of development - CORRECT ANSWER preschool,
initiative vs guilt, give simple explanations
