Land Law Exam Questions and answers
2025
Trustee .- .ANS✓✓-Person .who .manages .the .trust
Beneficiary .- .ANS✓✓-Person .who .benefits .from .the .trust
Marchant .v .Charter .1977 .- .ANS✓✓-Landlord .cleaned .the .rooms .daily .and .thus
.exclusive .possession .could .not .be .proven: .A .Lodger
Facts .of .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-Roger .Street .granted .Wendy .Mountford
.exclusive .possession .of .two .rooms .at .a .rent .subject .to .a .document .which .was
.entitled .licence .agreement
Lord .Templeman .on .Lease .v .Licence .- .ANS✓✓-If .exclusive .possession .at .a
.rent .for .a .term .does .not .constitute .a .tenancy .then .the .distinction .between .a
.contractual .tenancy .and .a .contractual .licence .of .land .becomes .wholly
.unidentifiable. .The .manufacture .of .a .five .pronged .implement .for .manual
.digging .results .in .a .fork .even .if .the .manufacturer, .unfamiliar .with .the .English
.language, .insists .that .he .intended .to .make .and .has .made .a .spade.
Lord .Templeman .on .Pretences .in .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-The .Law .should
.be .astute .to ."sham .bargains .and .artificial .transactions." .Such .clauses .drive .a
.horse .and .coaches .through. .Later .adapted .to .pretence .in .Anothoniades
Lord .Templeman .on .Intention .in .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-"The .only
.intention .which .is .relevant .us .the .intention .demonstrated .by .the .agreement .to
.grant .exclusive .possession .for .a .term .at .a .rent."
What .does .Peter .Williams .state .that .Street .v .Mountford .demonstrates .- .ANS✓✓
-Exclusive .Possession .is .the .most .important .factor .in .considering .whether
.someone .has .a .lease .or .a .licence
Antoniades .v .Villiers .- .ANS✓✓-Despite .the .couple .signing .separate
.agreements, .Lord .Oliver .held .that .the .agreements .should .be ."read .together".
.Interdependent .Agreements. ."Right .from .the .inception, .there .was .never .any
.questions .but .that .the .appellants .were .seeking .to .establish .a .joint .home .and
.they .have, .at .all .material .times, .been .the .sole .occupants .of .the .flat." ."Air .of
.total .unreality .about .these .documents .read .as .separate .and .individual .licences
, .in .the .light .of .the .circumstances .that .the .appellants .were .together .seeking .a
.flat .as .a .quasi-matrimonial .home."
AG .Securities .v .Vaughan .- .ANS✓✓-Held .to .be .no .unity .of .contract. .Lord
.Templeman .ruled .that .they .did .not .have .exclusive .possession .of .the .flat
Facts .of .Mikeover .v .Brady .Court .of .Appeal .- .ANS✓✓-Facts .almost .identical .to
.Villiers. .A .flat .for .2 .people .to .share, .two .agreements .in .identical .terms. .Each .of
.them .signed .an .agreement .in .the .form .put .before .them. .Agreement .signed .by
.the ."Licencee". .Miss .Guile .later .moved .out .of .the .flat, .she .phoned .to .say .she
.wanted .to .leave, .wanted .her .deposit .back. .Mr .Brady .thus .tried .to .pay .double.
.Mikeover: ."I .can't .accept .it. .I'll .hold .you .responsible .for .your .share .only".
4 .Unities .of .a .Joint .Tenancy .- .ANS✓✓-Possession, .Interest, .Time, .Title
Mikeover .v .Brady .Judgement .- .ANS✓✓-On .the .face .of .it, .the .absence .of .joint
.obligations .of .payment .were .inconsistent .with .the .existence .of .a .joint
.tenancy...One .cannot .add .up .two .several .obligations .to .pay .£X .so .as .to
.construct .a .joint .obligation .to .pay .£2X. .Case .is .logical .yet .seemingly
.inconsistent .with .the .House .of .Lord .in .Antoniades
Lord .Donaldson .in .Aslan .v .Murphy .on .Objective .Intention .- .ANS✓✓-"The
.labels .which .parties .agree .to .attach .to .themselves .or .to .their .agreements .are
.never .conclusive." .Tenant .had .to .leave .the .room .for .90 .minutes .a .day,
.provision .was .clearly .a .pretence, ."a .leading .example .of .a .pretence"
Exceptional .Circumstances .Booker .v .Palmer: .Lord .Greene .- .ANS✓✓-The .law
.does .not .impute .intention .to .enter .into .legal .relationships .where .the .conduct .of
.the .parties .is .to .the .contrary
Bankway .Properties .v .Pensfold-Dunsfold .- .ANS✓✓-Facts: .A .bedsit .in .Brighton.
.The .landlord .provided .in .the .agreement .for .the .rent .to .be .raised .two .years
.afterward .to .£25,000 .pa. .Was .this .term .genuine .or .not? .Both .parties .were
.expecting .this .term .to .be .enforced.Arden .LJ: .This .term .was .not .genuine. .It
.would .allow .the .landlord .to .drive .a .coach .and .horses .through .the .Housing .Act.
Lord .Donaldson .on .the .nature .of .Keys .in .Aslan .v .Murphy .- .ANS✓✓-Provisions
.as .to .keys, .if .not .pretence .which .they .often .are, .do .not .have .any .magic .in
.themselves.
Watts .v .Stewart .on .Intention .- .ANS✓✓-Occupation .referable .to .another .legal
.relationship, .accommodation .in .an .almshouse, .a .charity. .
Judgement: .Mrs .Watts .did .have .personal .right .exclusive .possession .of .the
.property, .but .did .not .have .a .legal .right .of .exclusive .possession. .This .meant
.that .she .occupied .as .licensee .not .as .tenant. .Look .to .the .agreement .as .to .what
.the .intention .of .the .parties .was. .
2025
Trustee .- .ANS✓✓-Person .who .manages .the .trust
Beneficiary .- .ANS✓✓-Person .who .benefits .from .the .trust
Marchant .v .Charter .1977 .- .ANS✓✓-Landlord .cleaned .the .rooms .daily .and .thus
.exclusive .possession .could .not .be .proven: .A .Lodger
Facts .of .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-Roger .Street .granted .Wendy .Mountford
.exclusive .possession .of .two .rooms .at .a .rent .subject .to .a .document .which .was
.entitled .licence .agreement
Lord .Templeman .on .Lease .v .Licence .- .ANS✓✓-If .exclusive .possession .at .a
.rent .for .a .term .does .not .constitute .a .tenancy .then .the .distinction .between .a
.contractual .tenancy .and .a .contractual .licence .of .land .becomes .wholly
.unidentifiable. .The .manufacture .of .a .five .pronged .implement .for .manual
.digging .results .in .a .fork .even .if .the .manufacturer, .unfamiliar .with .the .English
.language, .insists .that .he .intended .to .make .and .has .made .a .spade.
Lord .Templeman .on .Pretences .in .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-The .Law .should
.be .astute .to ."sham .bargains .and .artificial .transactions." .Such .clauses .drive .a
.horse .and .coaches .through. .Later .adapted .to .pretence .in .Anothoniades
Lord .Templeman .on .Intention .in .Street .v .Mountford .- .ANS✓✓-"The .only
.intention .which .is .relevant .us .the .intention .demonstrated .by .the .agreement .to
.grant .exclusive .possession .for .a .term .at .a .rent."
What .does .Peter .Williams .state .that .Street .v .Mountford .demonstrates .- .ANS✓✓
-Exclusive .Possession .is .the .most .important .factor .in .considering .whether
.someone .has .a .lease .or .a .licence
Antoniades .v .Villiers .- .ANS✓✓-Despite .the .couple .signing .separate
.agreements, .Lord .Oliver .held .that .the .agreements .should .be ."read .together".
.Interdependent .Agreements. ."Right .from .the .inception, .there .was .never .any
.questions .but .that .the .appellants .were .seeking .to .establish .a .joint .home .and
.they .have, .at .all .material .times, .been .the .sole .occupants .of .the .flat." ."Air .of
.total .unreality .about .these .documents .read .as .separate .and .individual .licences
, .in .the .light .of .the .circumstances .that .the .appellants .were .together .seeking .a
.flat .as .a .quasi-matrimonial .home."
AG .Securities .v .Vaughan .- .ANS✓✓-Held .to .be .no .unity .of .contract. .Lord
.Templeman .ruled .that .they .did .not .have .exclusive .possession .of .the .flat
Facts .of .Mikeover .v .Brady .Court .of .Appeal .- .ANS✓✓-Facts .almost .identical .to
.Villiers. .A .flat .for .2 .people .to .share, .two .agreements .in .identical .terms. .Each .of
.them .signed .an .agreement .in .the .form .put .before .them. .Agreement .signed .by
.the ."Licencee". .Miss .Guile .later .moved .out .of .the .flat, .she .phoned .to .say .she
.wanted .to .leave, .wanted .her .deposit .back. .Mr .Brady .thus .tried .to .pay .double.
.Mikeover: ."I .can't .accept .it. .I'll .hold .you .responsible .for .your .share .only".
4 .Unities .of .a .Joint .Tenancy .- .ANS✓✓-Possession, .Interest, .Time, .Title
Mikeover .v .Brady .Judgement .- .ANS✓✓-On .the .face .of .it, .the .absence .of .joint
.obligations .of .payment .were .inconsistent .with .the .existence .of .a .joint
.tenancy...One .cannot .add .up .two .several .obligations .to .pay .£X .so .as .to
.construct .a .joint .obligation .to .pay .£2X. .Case .is .logical .yet .seemingly
.inconsistent .with .the .House .of .Lord .in .Antoniades
Lord .Donaldson .in .Aslan .v .Murphy .on .Objective .Intention .- .ANS✓✓-"The
.labels .which .parties .agree .to .attach .to .themselves .or .to .their .agreements .are
.never .conclusive." .Tenant .had .to .leave .the .room .for .90 .minutes .a .day,
.provision .was .clearly .a .pretence, ."a .leading .example .of .a .pretence"
Exceptional .Circumstances .Booker .v .Palmer: .Lord .Greene .- .ANS✓✓-The .law
.does .not .impute .intention .to .enter .into .legal .relationships .where .the .conduct .of
.the .parties .is .to .the .contrary
Bankway .Properties .v .Pensfold-Dunsfold .- .ANS✓✓-Facts: .A .bedsit .in .Brighton.
.The .landlord .provided .in .the .agreement .for .the .rent .to .be .raised .two .years
.afterward .to .£25,000 .pa. .Was .this .term .genuine .or .not? .Both .parties .were
.expecting .this .term .to .be .enforced.Arden .LJ: .This .term .was .not .genuine. .It
.would .allow .the .landlord .to .drive .a .coach .and .horses .through .the .Housing .Act.
Lord .Donaldson .on .the .nature .of .Keys .in .Aslan .v .Murphy .- .ANS✓✓-Provisions
.as .to .keys, .if .not .pretence .which .they .often .are, .do .not .have .any .magic .in
.themselves.
Watts .v .Stewart .on .Intention .- .ANS✓✓-Occupation .referable .to .another .legal
.relationship, .accommodation .in .an .almshouse, .a .charity. .
Judgement: .Mrs .Watts .did .have .personal .right .exclusive .possession .of .the
.property, .but .did .not .have .a .legal .right .of .exclusive .possession. .This .meant
.that .she .occupied .as .licensee .not .as .tenant. .Look .to .the .agreement .as .to .what
.the .intention .of .the .parties .was. .
