Pharmacology - Module 4 Drug Guide

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Module 4 – Respiratory & Gastrointestinal


Mechanism of Action Concerns Nursing
S/E & Adverse
Class Prototype Drug Therapeutic Use Contraindications Considerations &
Reactions
Pharmacokinetics Food/Drug Interactions Pt. Education
Glucocorticoids Beclomethasone Beclomethasone Beclomethasone Beclomethasone Beclomethasone/
[Flovent] MA: decreases Rash Interactions not expected. Budesonide
(Inhaled) inflammation of the Itching Contraindications: eye disease Shake well before
airways, making it easier N/V (glaucoma/cataracts), immune Inhale medication
Budesonide through mouth &
to breathe. Loss of appetite system problems, infections &
[Pulmicort] rinse w/ water (do
(Inhaled) TR: prevents symptoms Fatigue osteoporosis.
of asthma. NOT used to Dizziness Budesonide not swallow).
Prednisone treat a sudden asthma Wheezing Drugs: cisapride, dofetilide, Read instructions
(Oral) attack. Thrush MAOIs, antihistamines, atropine, May increase r/o
PK: inhaled Change in taste diuretics, mifepristone, infection
Budesonide Cough stimulants, steroids, metoprolol & Do not self-treat
MA: opens airways of Hoarseness benztropine. cold/flu
lungs making it easier to Runny/stuffy nose Food: grapefruit juice Avoid others who
breathe. Sore throat Contraindications: bladder are sick
TR: treats COPD, NOT Budesonide problems, bone problems, Chronic use may
for sudden flare-up. Rash diabetes, eye disease, heart weaken bones
PK: inhaled Itching disease, HTN, hx. of irregular (increased r/o
Prednisone Irregular HR heartbeat, infection, kidney fractures).
MA: decreases Dizziness disease, pheochromocytoma, Store at room temp.
inflammation, slows Lightheadedness prostate disease, seizures & Do not puncture
overactive immune Chest pain thyroid disease. canister.
system or replaces N/V/C Prednisone Prednisone
cortisol. Loss of appetite Drugs: mifepristone, aspirin, Take PO w/ water &
TR: steroid that treats Fatigue barbiturates, cholinesterase food.
asthma, allergic Muscle inhibitors, digoxin, diuretics, Read instructions
reactions, arthritis, IBS pain/cramps birth control, NSAIDs, Take in morning.
& adrenal blood/bone Change in vision phenytoin, vaccines & warfarin. Do not stop abruptly.
marrow conditions. (halos, vision loss) Food: May increase r/o
PK: PO Thrush Contraindications: Cushing infection
Trouble passing syndrome, diabetes, glaucoma, Inform of med
urine heart disease, HTN, infection, before surgery.
Wheezing kidney disease, liver disease, Do NOT take

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Module 4 – Respiratory & Gastrointestinal


Mechanism of Action Concerns Nursing
S/E & Adverse
Class Prototype Drug Therapeutic Use Contraindications Considerations &
Reactions
Pharmacokinetics Food/Drug Interactions Pt. Education
Dry mouth mental illness, myasthenia gravis, NSAIDs.
Tremors seizures, stomach/intestine May increase blood
Insomnia problems & thyroid disease. sugar.
Headache
Prednisone
Rash
Itching
Cushing syndrome
Hyperglycemia
HTN
Infection
N/V
Mood changes
Stomach bleeding
Edema
Headache
Insomnia
Weight gain
MA: reduces release of Rash Interactions not expected. Inhaled using
substances in body that Itching Contraindications: kidney & nebulizer
cause allergy symptoms, Wheezing liver disease. Do not mix w/ other
decreasing inflammation Cough medications in
Mast cell
Cromolyn of airways. Headache nebulizer
stabilizers
TR: manage symptoms Nausea Read instructions
of asthma. Do NOT use Sneezing Rinse mouth after
to treat sudden attack. Runny/stuffy nose Store at room temp,
PK: nasal/inhaled keep away from light
Oral Diphenhydramine MA: antihistamine & Rash Drugs: bromocriptine, MAOIs, Take PO w/ glass of
Antihistamines [Benadryl] decongestant. Hives stimulants meds, atropine, water.
TR: treat symptoms of Itching barbiturates, digoxin, mental Do not take more
allergies, cold & sinus Anxiety health meds, muscle relaxers, than directed.
problems. May help w/ Breathing problems narcotics, cold/cough meds, St. Increase of sun