NREMT Practice Test 1 Questions and
Answers
You're dispatched to a park, where a 15-year-old boy has an injury to his leg. His friends
called 9-1-1, and his parents cannot be reached. What form of consent gives you the
ability to begin treating this boy?
A. Implied Consent
B. Revoked Consent
C. Expressed Consent
D. Informed Consent - Correct Answers -Implied Consent
If a parent or legal guardian cannot be contacted, care of the patient should not be
delayed. In this case, you assume implied consent. In general, patient consent means a
mentally capable adult, who is able to make rational decisions on the consent or refusal
of medical care. Expressed consent is when a patient fits the above description and
either accepts or refuses medical care. Implied consent occurs when the conditions
above cannot be met, for example, a patient who is a child and whose parents cannot
be reached, or an unconscious or mentally altered patient.
You arrive on scene to a patient who has fallen off of a roof. You dictate that the patient
needs to be treated for apnea. What is the proper way to open the patient's airway?
Head-tilt/chin-lift
Place your fingers at the teeth and push the mouth open
Jaw thrust
Slowly tilt the head as to not compromise the spine - Correct Answers -Jaw thrust
Any time the patient has experienced a trauma injury and injury to any part of the spine
is suspected, a just thrust maneuver should be used to open the airway. The head-
tilt/chin-lift method, no matter how slow it is, moves the spine. This can be dangerous
and life threatening as you may not know the severity of spinal compromise. The jaw
thrust moves only the mandible and ensures that the spine is not moved.
A patient has left sided heart failure. What kind of edema would the patient have?
Pulmonary edema
Systemic edema
Pedal edema
Lower back edema - Correct Answers -Pulmonary edema
, The right heart pumps more blood than the left heart, which produces pulmonary
edema, a backup of the blood in the pulmonary circuit and lungs that causes swelling.
This interferes with gas exchange in the lungs and can produce suffocation.
What causes the fruity or acetone breath, often seen in Type I diabetes?
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome
Hypoglycemia
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Lack of sugar - Correct Answers -Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
DKA usually occurs in patients with type I diabetes, which is characterized by the lack of
insulin release from the pancreatic cells. However, this condition can also occur rarely in
patients with type II diabetes. It occurs after a period of severe hyperglycemia, in which
fats are being metabolized and release acid byproducts. It leads to an altered mental
status and possibly a coma. The fruity odor is due to ketone (acidic) byproducts of
metabolism.
If there is a major open wound to the neck, what kind of dressing should be applied?
A non-occlusive dressing
An all-sided occlusive dressing
A 3-sided occlusive dressing
Gauze pads, followed by adhesive bandage - Correct Answers -An all-sided occlusive
dressing
An occlusive dressing should be placed on the neck, sealed on all 4 sides. This is to
make sure that no air enters or exits that region. For the chest/back, you must use a 3-
sided occlusive dressing. This allows for no air to enter (through the gaping wound in
the chest), but upon exhalation, allows trapped air to escape. This makes it so that a
pneumothorax will not develop in the chest area and cause larger problems.
When the buttocks or lower extremities of a baby presents first during birth, this is
called:
Breech birth
Placenta previa
Meconium
Precipitous delivery - Correct Answers -Breech birth
Sometimes a baby can come out the opposite way. Instead of head first, the baby can
come out feet or buttocks first, which is an unusual form of delivery. When this happens,
it is called breech birth and can be potentially dangerous to both the mother and the
fetus.
Answers
You're dispatched to a park, where a 15-year-old boy has an injury to his leg. His friends
called 9-1-1, and his parents cannot be reached. What form of consent gives you the
ability to begin treating this boy?
A. Implied Consent
B. Revoked Consent
C. Expressed Consent
D. Informed Consent - Correct Answers -Implied Consent
If a parent or legal guardian cannot be contacted, care of the patient should not be
delayed. In this case, you assume implied consent. In general, patient consent means a
mentally capable adult, who is able to make rational decisions on the consent or refusal
of medical care. Expressed consent is when a patient fits the above description and
either accepts or refuses medical care. Implied consent occurs when the conditions
above cannot be met, for example, a patient who is a child and whose parents cannot
be reached, or an unconscious or mentally altered patient.
You arrive on scene to a patient who has fallen off of a roof. You dictate that the patient
needs to be treated for apnea. What is the proper way to open the patient's airway?
Head-tilt/chin-lift
Place your fingers at the teeth and push the mouth open
Jaw thrust
Slowly tilt the head as to not compromise the spine - Correct Answers -Jaw thrust
Any time the patient has experienced a trauma injury and injury to any part of the spine
is suspected, a just thrust maneuver should be used to open the airway. The head-
tilt/chin-lift method, no matter how slow it is, moves the spine. This can be dangerous
and life threatening as you may not know the severity of spinal compromise. The jaw
thrust moves only the mandible and ensures that the spine is not moved.
A patient has left sided heart failure. What kind of edema would the patient have?
Pulmonary edema
Systemic edema
Pedal edema
Lower back edema - Correct Answers -Pulmonary edema
, The right heart pumps more blood than the left heart, which produces pulmonary
edema, a backup of the blood in the pulmonary circuit and lungs that causes swelling.
This interferes with gas exchange in the lungs and can produce suffocation.
What causes the fruity or acetone breath, often seen in Type I diabetes?
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome
Hypoglycemia
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Lack of sugar - Correct Answers -Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
DKA usually occurs in patients with type I diabetes, which is characterized by the lack of
insulin release from the pancreatic cells. However, this condition can also occur rarely in
patients with type II diabetes. It occurs after a period of severe hyperglycemia, in which
fats are being metabolized and release acid byproducts. It leads to an altered mental
status and possibly a coma. The fruity odor is due to ketone (acidic) byproducts of
metabolism.
If there is a major open wound to the neck, what kind of dressing should be applied?
A non-occlusive dressing
An all-sided occlusive dressing
A 3-sided occlusive dressing
Gauze pads, followed by adhesive bandage - Correct Answers -An all-sided occlusive
dressing
An occlusive dressing should be placed on the neck, sealed on all 4 sides. This is to
make sure that no air enters or exits that region. For the chest/back, you must use a 3-
sided occlusive dressing. This allows for no air to enter (through the gaping wound in
the chest), but upon exhalation, allows trapped air to escape. This makes it so that a
pneumothorax will not develop in the chest area and cause larger problems.
When the buttocks or lower extremities of a baby presents first during birth, this is
called:
Breech birth
Placenta previa
Meconium
Precipitous delivery - Correct Answers -Breech birth
Sometimes a baby can come out the opposite way. Instead of head first, the baby can
come out feet or buttocks first, which is an unusual form of delivery. When this happens,
it is called breech birth and can be potentially dangerous to both the mother and the
fetus.
