CMN 572 Unit 3
What causes Type 1 diabetes and what does it usually lead to? – answer B-Cell
destruction which leads to absolute insulin deficiency
What causes Type 2 diabetes and what does it lead to? - answer due to progressive
loss of insulin secretion which leads to insulin resistance
Children with Type 1 diabetes generally presents with what hallmark symptoms? -
answer polyuria and polydipsia or dka
What tests are used to screen for and diagnose diabetes and to detect individuals with
prediabetes? - answer plasma glucose and A1C
What fasting plasma glucose is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = to 126
What 2 hour PG after OGTT is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = 200
What A1C is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = 6.5
A dx of diabetes should be confirmed by doing what? - answerperforming 2 of the same
tests (ex. A1C) concurrently with a new blood sample
If there is a discordance between the initial test and the confirmatory test, when should
the patient be followed up? - answer3-6 months
Screening for prediabetes in asymptomatic people should be considered in who? -
answeranyone overweight or obese with a BMI of >/= 25 AND who have one or more
additional risk factors
Everyone over the age of 45
If testing for prediabetes is normal, when should follow-up testing be performed? -
answerat 3 year intervals
What should be used to diagnose acute onset of Type 1 diabetes in a patient with
symptoms of hyperglycemia? - answerblood glucose rather that A1C (>/= 200)
Patients determined to have prediabetes should be tested how often? - answeryearly
What FPG represents prediabetes? - answer100-125
What 2-hr PG indicates prediabetes? - answer140-199
,What A1C represents prediabetes? - answer5.7-6.4%
What meds are known to increase risk of diabetes? - answerglucocorticoids, thiazide
diuretics, and atypical antipsychotics
Patients newly diagnosed with diabetes should receive what referrals? - answerEye
care professional for annual dilated eye exam
Family planning for women of reproductive age
Registered dietitian for MNT
DSME/DSMS
Dentist for comprehensive dental and periodontal examination
Mental health professional, if indicated
The DSME and DSMS algorithm de-
fines four critical time points for DSME
and DSMS delivery (7): - answer1. At diagnosis
2. Annually for assessment of education, nutrition, and emotional needs
3. When new complicating factors arise that influence self-management
4. When transitions in care occur
All children dx with diabetes within the first ____ months of life should receive genetic
testing - answer6
Children with diabetes or prediabetes should be encouraged to engage in at least
_________of physical
activity each day. - answer60 min.
Adults with diabetes should be advised
to perform at least __________/
week of moderate-intensity aerobic
physical activity (______-______% of maximumheart
rate), spread over at least
3 days/week with no more than 2
consecutive days without exercise - answer150; 50-70
In the absence of contraindications,
adults with type 2 diabetes should be
encouraged to perform resistance
training at least ______ per week - answertwice
Patients with prediabetes should be referred to an intensive diet and physical activity
behavioral counseling program adhering to the tenets of the Diabetes Prevention
Program (DPP) targeting a loss of ___% of body weight and should increase their
moderate-intensity physical activity (such as brisk walking) to at least ______min/week -
answer7; 150
, _______ therapy for prevention of type 2 diabetes should be considered in those with
prediabetes, especially in those with BMI >_____ kg/m2, those aged
<_____ years, and women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus - answerMetformin;
35; 60
When used properly, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in conjunction with intensive
insulin regimens is a useful tool to lower A1C in selected adults (aged >/= ______
years) with type 1 diabetes - answer25
A reasonable A1C goal for many
nonpregnant adults is < ____% - answer7
Preprandial capillary plasma glucose target is ____________ and peak postprandial
capillary target is <_______ - answer80-130; <180
At each patient encounter, ______should be calculated and documented in the medical
record - answerBMI
Diet, physical activity, and behavioral therapy designed to achieve ____% weight loss
should be prescribed for overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes ready to
achieve weight loss - answer5
Most people with type 1 diabetes should be treated with multiple-dose insulin injections
_____ to _____injections per day of basal and prandial insulin) or continuous
subcutaneous insulin infusion - answer3-4
_________, if not contraindicated and if tolerated, is the preferred initial
pharmacological agent for
type 2 diabetes - answerMetformin
If noninsulin monotherapy at maximum tolerated dose does not achieve or maintain the
A1C target over ___ months, then add a second oral agent, a
________________________ agonist, or ______ insulin - answer3; glucagon-like
peptide 1 receptor agonist; basal
Blood pressure should be measured at every routine visit. Patients found to have
elevated blood pressure should have what? - answerblood pressure confirmed on a
separate day
People with diabetes and hypertension should be treated to a systolic blood pressure
goal of <_____ - answer140
Individuals with diabetes should be treated to a diastolic blood pressure goal of <_____
- answer90
What causes Type 1 diabetes and what does it usually lead to? – answer B-Cell
destruction which leads to absolute insulin deficiency
What causes Type 2 diabetes and what does it lead to? - answer due to progressive
loss of insulin secretion which leads to insulin resistance
Children with Type 1 diabetes generally presents with what hallmark symptoms? -
answer polyuria and polydipsia or dka
What tests are used to screen for and diagnose diabetes and to detect individuals with
prediabetes? - answer plasma glucose and A1C
What fasting plasma glucose is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = to 126
What 2 hour PG after OGTT is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = 200
What A1C is diagnostic for diabetes? - answer> or = 6.5
A dx of diabetes should be confirmed by doing what? - answerperforming 2 of the same
tests (ex. A1C) concurrently with a new blood sample
If there is a discordance between the initial test and the confirmatory test, when should
the patient be followed up? - answer3-6 months
Screening for prediabetes in asymptomatic people should be considered in who? -
answeranyone overweight or obese with a BMI of >/= 25 AND who have one or more
additional risk factors
Everyone over the age of 45
If testing for prediabetes is normal, when should follow-up testing be performed? -
answerat 3 year intervals
What should be used to diagnose acute onset of Type 1 diabetes in a patient with
symptoms of hyperglycemia? - answerblood glucose rather that A1C (>/= 200)
Patients determined to have prediabetes should be tested how often? - answeryearly
What FPG represents prediabetes? - answer100-125
What 2-hr PG indicates prediabetes? - answer140-199
,What A1C represents prediabetes? - answer5.7-6.4%
What meds are known to increase risk of diabetes? - answerglucocorticoids, thiazide
diuretics, and atypical antipsychotics
Patients newly diagnosed with diabetes should receive what referrals? - answerEye
care professional for annual dilated eye exam
Family planning for women of reproductive age
Registered dietitian for MNT
DSME/DSMS
Dentist for comprehensive dental and periodontal examination
Mental health professional, if indicated
The DSME and DSMS algorithm de-
fines four critical time points for DSME
and DSMS delivery (7): - answer1. At diagnosis
2. Annually for assessment of education, nutrition, and emotional needs
3. When new complicating factors arise that influence self-management
4. When transitions in care occur
All children dx with diabetes within the first ____ months of life should receive genetic
testing - answer6
Children with diabetes or prediabetes should be encouraged to engage in at least
_________of physical
activity each day. - answer60 min.
Adults with diabetes should be advised
to perform at least __________/
week of moderate-intensity aerobic
physical activity (______-______% of maximumheart
rate), spread over at least
3 days/week with no more than 2
consecutive days without exercise - answer150; 50-70
In the absence of contraindications,
adults with type 2 diabetes should be
encouraged to perform resistance
training at least ______ per week - answertwice
Patients with prediabetes should be referred to an intensive diet and physical activity
behavioral counseling program adhering to the tenets of the Diabetes Prevention
Program (DPP) targeting a loss of ___% of body weight and should increase their
moderate-intensity physical activity (such as brisk walking) to at least ______min/week -
answer7; 150
, _______ therapy for prevention of type 2 diabetes should be considered in those with
prediabetes, especially in those with BMI >_____ kg/m2, those aged
<_____ years, and women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus - answerMetformin;
35; 60
When used properly, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in conjunction with intensive
insulin regimens is a useful tool to lower A1C in selected adults (aged >/= ______
years) with type 1 diabetes - answer25
A reasonable A1C goal for many
nonpregnant adults is < ____% - answer7
Preprandial capillary plasma glucose target is ____________ and peak postprandial
capillary target is <_______ - answer80-130; <180
At each patient encounter, ______should be calculated and documented in the medical
record - answerBMI
Diet, physical activity, and behavioral therapy designed to achieve ____% weight loss
should be prescribed for overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes ready to
achieve weight loss - answer5
Most people with type 1 diabetes should be treated with multiple-dose insulin injections
_____ to _____injections per day of basal and prandial insulin) or continuous
subcutaneous insulin infusion - answer3-4
_________, if not contraindicated and if tolerated, is the preferred initial
pharmacological agent for
type 2 diabetes - answerMetformin
If noninsulin monotherapy at maximum tolerated dose does not achieve or maintain the
A1C target over ___ months, then add a second oral agent, a
________________________ agonist, or ______ insulin - answer3; glucagon-like
peptide 1 receptor agonist; basal
Blood pressure should be measured at every routine visit. Patients found to have
elevated blood pressure should have what? - answerblood pressure confirmed on a
separate day
People with diabetes and hypertension should be treated to a systolic blood pressure
goal of <_____ - answer140
Individuals with diabetes should be treated to a diastolic blood pressure goal of <_____
- answer90
