NSG 4100 EXAM 2 STUDY SET WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED 2025-2026!!
Client is diagnosed with type II DM is admitted to the ICU with HHNS coma. Which
assessment data should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
a. Kussmaul's repirations
b. diarrhea
c. dry mucous membranes
d. ketone breath odor - ANSWER>>C
Client received 10 units of Humulin R, a fast-acting insulin, at 0700. At 1030, the UAP
informs the nurse that client is complaining of a headache and is acting "funny." What is
the first intervention for the nurse to take?
a. tell UAP to obtain BG level
b. have client drink 8oz of orange juice
c. go to client's room and assess client for hypoglycemia
d. plan to administer 1 ampule of 50% dextrose IV - ANSWER>>C
The nurse is discussing macrovascular complications of diabetes w/ a pt. The nurse
would discuss which of the following in this conversation?
a. the need for frequent eye exams for pt.'s w/ diabetes
b. pt'.s with diabetes have an increased risk for MI
c. the relationship btwn kidney fxn and blood glucose levels
d. the need to monitor urine for the presence of albumin - ANSWER>>B
An elderly pt presents to the clinic with her daughter. The pt is a diabetic and is
concerned about foot care. The nurse goes over foot care with the pt and her daughter
,as the nurse realizes that foot care is extremely important. Why would the nurse feel that
foot care is so importance to this pt?
a. The older adult pt with ulcers of the foot has debilitating foot pain associated with the
diabetic polyneuropathy
b. For most, prevention of foot ulcers may mean the difference between
institutionalization and continued independent living
c. Hypoglycemia is associated with a risk for falls; this risk is increased in older adults
with diabetes
d. Oral anti-hyperglycemics have the potential adverse effect of diminished circulation
to the lower extremities - ANSWER>>B
A diabetic educator is discussing sick day rules with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic.
The educator knows that the pt will need further teaching when the pt states what?
a. I won't take my insulin on the days that I am sick, but I will definitely check my BG
every 2 hours
b. If I am not able to eat a meal, I will eat a soft food like soup, gelatin, or pudding six to
eight times a day
c. I will call the dr if I am not able to keep liquids in my body due to vomiting or diarrhea
d. I will call the dr if my BG is over 300 mg/dL or if I have ketones in my urine -
ANSWER>>A
A medical nurse understands the importance of screening certain pt's for their risk of
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). Which of the following pt populations is
most likely affected by hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome?
a. pt's who are obese and who have no known hx of diabetes
b. pt's w/ type 1 diabetes and poor dietary control
c. adolescents with type 2 diabetes and sporadic use of antihyperglycemics
d. middle-aged or older persons with either type 2 diabetes or no known hx of diabetes -
ANSWER>>D
Physician has explained to a pt that he has developed diabetic neuropathy in his right
foot. Later that day, the pt asks the nurse what causes diabetic neuropathy. What would
be the nurse's best response?
,a. research has shown that diabetic neuropathy is caused by fluctuations in BG that
have gone on for years
b. the case is not known for sure but it is though to have something to do with
ketoacidosis
c. the cause is not known for sure but it is thought to involve elevated BG levels over a
period of years
d. Diabetic neuropathy is caused by a combination of elevated BG levels and elevated
ketone levels - ANSWER>>C
A patient with a history of type 1 diabetes has just been admitted to the CCU for diabetic
keto acidosis. The CCU nurse should focus on what assessment during the patient's
initial phase of tx?
a. monitoring pt for dysrhythmias
b. maintaining and monitoring pt's fluid balance
c. assess pt's LOC
d. assessing the pt for s/s of venous thromboembolism - ANSWER>>B
A long-standing diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is present when a pt.'s most recent
blood work shows microalbuminuria. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to
a. instruct pt about ways to slow progression of nephropathy
b. ensure pt receives a thorough liver function assessment
c. determine whether pt has been using expired insulin
d. administer a fluid challenge and have test repeated - ANSWER>>A
A nurse is assessing a pt who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy.
The nurse should question the pt about what sign or symptom that would suggest the
possible development of peripheral neuropathy?
a. persistently cold feet
b. pain that does not respond to analgesia
c. acute pain, unrelieved by rest
d. presence of a tingling sensation - ANSWER>>D
, A pt is brought to the ED by paramedics. The pt is a type 2 diabetic and is experiencing
HHS. The nurse should identify what components of HHS? Select all that apply:
a. leukocytosis
b. glycosuria
c. dehydration
d. hypernatremia
e. hyperglycemia - ANSWER>>B, C, D, E
A patient is admitted to the postsurgical unit following a thyroidectomy. To enhance
comfort and safety, the nurse should position the patient in which of the following ways?
a. side-lying (lateral) with one pillow under the head
b. head of the bed elevated 30 degrees and no pillows placed under the head
c. semi-fowlers with the head supported on two pillows
d. supine, with a small roll supporting the neck - ANSWER>>C
A pt who has undergone surgery for thyroid cancer has had a significant amount of
parathyroid tissue removed. Which of the following is the most significant question the
nurse should ask this pt when addressing possible complications? a. Do you have any
tingling or cramping of muscles? b. Do you feel flushed or diaphoretic? c. Are you
feeling dizzy or lightheaded? d. Are you having any pain that seems to emanate from
your bones? - ANWER>>A
The nurse is caring for a pt with a diagnosis of Addison's Ds. What s/s is most closely
associated with this health problem?
a. truncal obesity
b. HTN
c. muscle weakness
d. moon face - ANSWER>>C
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED 2025-2026!!
Client is diagnosed with type II DM is admitted to the ICU with HHNS coma. Which
assessment data should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
a. Kussmaul's repirations
b. diarrhea
c. dry mucous membranes
d. ketone breath odor - ANSWER>>C
Client received 10 units of Humulin R, a fast-acting insulin, at 0700. At 1030, the UAP
informs the nurse that client is complaining of a headache and is acting "funny." What is
the first intervention for the nurse to take?
a. tell UAP to obtain BG level
b. have client drink 8oz of orange juice
c. go to client's room and assess client for hypoglycemia
d. plan to administer 1 ampule of 50% dextrose IV - ANSWER>>C
The nurse is discussing macrovascular complications of diabetes w/ a pt. The nurse
would discuss which of the following in this conversation?
a. the need for frequent eye exams for pt.'s w/ diabetes
b. pt'.s with diabetes have an increased risk for MI
c. the relationship btwn kidney fxn and blood glucose levels
d. the need to monitor urine for the presence of albumin - ANSWER>>B
An elderly pt presents to the clinic with her daughter. The pt is a diabetic and is
concerned about foot care. The nurse goes over foot care with the pt and her daughter
,as the nurse realizes that foot care is extremely important. Why would the nurse feel that
foot care is so importance to this pt?
a. The older adult pt with ulcers of the foot has debilitating foot pain associated with the
diabetic polyneuropathy
b. For most, prevention of foot ulcers may mean the difference between
institutionalization and continued independent living
c. Hypoglycemia is associated with a risk for falls; this risk is increased in older adults
with diabetes
d. Oral anti-hyperglycemics have the potential adverse effect of diminished circulation
to the lower extremities - ANSWER>>B
A diabetic educator is discussing sick day rules with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic.
The educator knows that the pt will need further teaching when the pt states what?
a. I won't take my insulin on the days that I am sick, but I will definitely check my BG
every 2 hours
b. If I am not able to eat a meal, I will eat a soft food like soup, gelatin, or pudding six to
eight times a day
c. I will call the dr if I am not able to keep liquids in my body due to vomiting or diarrhea
d. I will call the dr if my BG is over 300 mg/dL or if I have ketones in my urine -
ANSWER>>A
A medical nurse understands the importance of screening certain pt's for their risk of
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). Which of the following pt populations is
most likely affected by hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome?
a. pt's who are obese and who have no known hx of diabetes
b. pt's w/ type 1 diabetes and poor dietary control
c. adolescents with type 2 diabetes and sporadic use of antihyperglycemics
d. middle-aged or older persons with either type 2 diabetes or no known hx of diabetes -
ANSWER>>D
Physician has explained to a pt that he has developed diabetic neuropathy in his right
foot. Later that day, the pt asks the nurse what causes diabetic neuropathy. What would
be the nurse's best response?
,a. research has shown that diabetic neuropathy is caused by fluctuations in BG that
have gone on for years
b. the case is not known for sure but it is though to have something to do with
ketoacidosis
c. the cause is not known for sure but it is thought to involve elevated BG levels over a
period of years
d. Diabetic neuropathy is caused by a combination of elevated BG levels and elevated
ketone levels - ANSWER>>C
A patient with a history of type 1 diabetes has just been admitted to the CCU for diabetic
keto acidosis. The CCU nurse should focus on what assessment during the patient's
initial phase of tx?
a. monitoring pt for dysrhythmias
b. maintaining and monitoring pt's fluid balance
c. assess pt's LOC
d. assessing the pt for s/s of venous thromboembolism - ANSWER>>B
A long-standing diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is present when a pt.'s most recent
blood work shows microalbuminuria. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to
a. instruct pt about ways to slow progression of nephropathy
b. ensure pt receives a thorough liver function assessment
c. determine whether pt has been using expired insulin
d. administer a fluid challenge and have test repeated - ANSWER>>A
A nurse is assessing a pt who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy.
The nurse should question the pt about what sign or symptom that would suggest the
possible development of peripheral neuropathy?
a. persistently cold feet
b. pain that does not respond to analgesia
c. acute pain, unrelieved by rest
d. presence of a tingling sensation - ANSWER>>D
, A pt is brought to the ED by paramedics. The pt is a type 2 diabetic and is experiencing
HHS. The nurse should identify what components of HHS? Select all that apply:
a. leukocytosis
b. glycosuria
c. dehydration
d. hypernatremia
e. hyperglycemia - ANSWER>>B, C, D, E
A patient is admitted to the postsurgical unit following a thyroidectomy. To enhance
comfort and safety, the nurse should position the patient in which of the following ways?
a. side-lying (lateral) with one pillow under the head
b. head of the bed elevated 30 degrees and no pillows placed under the head
c. semi-fowlers with the head supported on two pillows
d. supine, with a small roll supporting the neck - ANSWER>>C
A pt who has undergone surgery for thyroid cancer has had a significant amount of
parathyroid tissue removed. Which of the following is the most significant question the
nurse should ask this pt when addressing possible complications? a. Do you have any
tingling or cramping of muscles? b. Do you feel flushed or diaphoretic? c. Are you
feeling dizzy or lightheaded? d. Are you having any pain that seems to emanate from
your bones? - ANWER>>A
The nurse is caring for a pt with a diagnosis of Addison's Ds. What s/s is most closely
associated with this health problem?
a. truncal obesity
b. HTN
c. muscle weakness
d. moon face - ANSWER>>C
