CPD Test Quiz Exam Questions with Answers Graded
A+ 2025/2026
REM characterized by active brain activity, dreaming, and ___________ - partial
paralysis of the skeletal muscles
the partial paralysis of skeletal muscles in REM sleep causes what 3 physiologic
changes? - further decrease in Ve, hypoxemia, hypercapnia
REM occupies _____% of sleep - 25
When COPD patients are hypoxemic, their _____ constricts and the ______ has to
work harder - pulmonary artery, right ventricle
REM is associated with what 2 physiologic changes? - tachycardia, arrhythmias
disruption of sleep to restore oxygenation and acid-base balance which occurs many
times throughout the night - EEG arousal
sleep disordered breathing is commonly present with ______ and ______ - obesity,
hypertension
if severe, SDB can be seen with _____ or _______ - cor pulmonale, CHF
cessation of airflow for at least 10 seconds during sleep caused by an obstruction in the
airway - sleep apnea
what is the first sign and most common of SDB/OSA? - snoring
assesses daytime sleepiness - epworth sleepiness scale
helps to predict sleep apnea by identifying risk factors - berlin questionnaire
quickly identifies OSA risk factors - stop-bang assessment
what score on the ESS is considered average? abnormal? - 7-8, 9+
what is considered high risk for the berline questionnaire - qualification in at least 2
categories
diagnostic study using a configuration of tracings to document stages of sleep and
number of apneic episodes - polysomnogram
what are 4 measurements taken during a psg? - ecg, eeg, spo2, eye movement
, primary tool to diagnose the number of hypopneas and apneas per hour of sleep time -
apnea-hypopnea index
normal AHI - <5
mild sleep apnea AHI score - 5-15
moderate sleep apnea AHI score - 15-30
severe sleep apnea AHI score - >30
a hypopnea is a reduction of airflow > ________ of baseline for at least 10 seconds with
a reduction of ________ SpO2 - 30%, 4+%
obstruction in the uaw causing air movement in the lungs to stop w hile thoracic-
abdominal efforts to breathe continue - OSA
categorizes the amount of open space in the oropharynx - mallampati score
what Mallampati score is highly associated with OSA? - class 3 or 4
What are 4 common symptoms of OSA besides snoring? - morning headaches,
tiredness, memory problems, depression
10 seconds of apnea in the absence of thoracic-abdominal effort due to a physiologic
lack of drive to breathe - CSA
a neck size of ______ or a BMI of _______ are risk factors for OSA - >17 inches, 25+
3 consequences of untreated OSA - hypertension, cor pulmonale, MI
cheyne-stokes respirations are commonly seen with what disorder? - Central sleep
apnea
lack of airflow or respiratory effort followed by respiratory effort and no airflow - MSA
recommended treatment modality for sleep apnea - nasal CPAP
treatment strategy for sleep apnea: start at CPAP of ______ and increase by ______
until __________ stop - 5, 2.5, snoring and apnea
A good inspiratory effort results in _________ visible above the ________ - 10 posterior
ribs, diaphragm
xray beam passes from front to back - AP
A+ 2025/2026
REM characterized by active brain activity, dreaming, and ___________ - partial
paralysis of the skeletal muscles
the partial paralysis of skeletal muscles in REM sleep causes what 3 physiologic
changes? - further decrease in Ve, hypoxemia, hypercapnia
REM occupies _____% of sleep - 25
When COPD patients are hypoxemic, their _____ constricts and the ______ has to
work harder - pulmonary artery, right ventricle
REM is associated with what 2 physiologic changes? - tachycardia, arrhythmias
disruption of sleep to restore oxygenation and acid-base balance which occurs many
times throughout the night - EEG arousal
sleep disordered breathing is commonly present with ______ and ______ - obesity,
hypertension
if severe, SDB can be seen with _____ or _______ - cor pulmonale, CHF
cessation of airflow for at least 10 seconds during sleep caused by an obstruction in the
airway - sleep apnea
what is the first sign and most common of SDB/OSA? - snoring
assesses daytime sleepiness - epworth sleepiness scale
helps to predict sleep apnea by identifying risk factors - berlin questionnaire
quickly identifies OSA risk factors - stop-bang assessment
what score on the ESS is considered average? abnormal? - 7-8, 9+
what is considered high risk for the berline questionnaire - qualification in at least 2
categories
diagnostic study using a configuration of tracings to document stages of sleep and
number of apneic episodes - polysomnogram
what are 4 measurements taken during a psg? - ecg, eeg, spo2, eye movement
, primary tool to diagnose the number of hypopneas and apneas per hour of sleep time -
apnea-hypopnea index
normal AHI - <5
mild sleep apnea AHI score - 5-15
moderate sleep apnea AHI score - 15-30
severe sleep apnea AHI score - >30
a hypopnea is a reduction of airflow > ________ of baseline for at least 10 seconds with
a reduction of ________ SpO2 - 30%, 4+%
obstruction in the uaw causing air movement in the lungs to stop w hile thoracic-
abdominal efforts to breathe continue - OSA
categorizes the amount of open space in the oropharynx - mallampati score
what Mallampati score is highly associated with OSA? - class 3 or 4
What are 4 common symptoms of OSA besides snoring? - morning headaches,
tiredness, memory problems, depression
10 seconds of apnea in the absence of thoracic-abdominal effort due to a physiologic
lack of drive to breathe - CSA
a neck size of ______ or a BMI of _______ are risk factors for OSA - >17 inches, 25+
3 consequences of untreated OSA - hypertension, cor pulmonale, MI
cheyne-stokes respirations are commonly seen with what disorder? - Central sleep
apnea
lack of airflow or respiratory effort followed by respiratory effort and no airflow - MSA
recommended treatment modality for sleep apnea - nasal CPAP
treatment strategy for sleep apnea: start at CPAP of ______ and increase by ______
until __________ stop - 5, 2.5, snoring and apnea
A good inspiratory effort results in _________ visible above the ________ - 10 posterior
ribs, diaphragm
xray beam passes from front to back - AP
