ANTHRCUL 101 Tested Practice Exam Questions
With Answers Graded A+ 2025/2026
sexual dimorphism - pronounced and anatomical and behavioral
differences between males and females. Terrestrial species have
greater sexual dimorphism (some male and female fish look very
similar)
brachiation - branch swinging (performed by monkeys)
shared primate adaptations - *anticipate a fill-in-the-blank on this:
(1)Grasping abilities,
(2)transition from smell to sight- eyes used more than nose to
learn about environment,
(3)transition from nose to hand- touch is used more than nose to
learn about things,
(4)increased brain complexity,
(5)increased parental investment,
(6)sociality
arboreal - tree living, more likely to speciate (form a new species)
due to forests changing more often than the ground. Form smaller
groups: parents + children
terrestrial - ground dwelling. Larger social unit: troop.
traits of New World monkeys - arboreal, prehensile tails (ability to
grab things with tail)
trait of Old World monkeys - both arboreal and terrestrial
prehensile tail - tails that can grasp
hominid - group consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes
, hominin - the group consisting of modern humans, extinct human
species and all our immediate ancestors (all members of the
human lineage)
Differences between humans and primates - humans do the
following: sharing and cooperation, mating and kinsman ship,
language and communication
bipedalism - walking upright (began with Ardipithecus Kadabba)
foramen magnum - hole at the base of the skull through which
spinal cord enters (location used to determine whether a species
was more bipedal or quadrupedal)
connection between dentition and diet - fire allowed teeth to
shrink because fire made food easier to eat (cooked food)
interconnection between biological change and culture - fire made
teeth smaller,
pelvis size became larger with bipedalism as the hips had to
support more weight, birth became easier,
Original people in Africa barely ate dairy because hurt their
stomach due to the fact they did not have the gene lactase to
digest dairy
Places that domesticated mammals, cows and goats, began to
eat more dairy, These people have evolved the ability to digest
lactose
Ardipithecus - ground floor root of humanity.
Kadabba (5.8 MYA): oldest hominin, (bipedal)
Ramidus (4.4 MYA, ex. Ardi): ancestral to Australopithecus,
discovery pushed back existence of bipedeal locomotion.
Australopithecus - Anemisis (4.2-3.9 MYA).
With Answers Graded A+ 2025/2026
sexual dimorphism - pronounced and anatomical and behavioral
differences between males and females. Terrestrial species have
greater sexual dimorphism (some male and female fish look very
similar)
brachiation - branch swinging (performed by monkeys)
shared primate adaptations - *anticipate a fill-in-the-blank on this:
(1)Grasping abilities,
(2)transition from smell to sight- eyes used more than nose to
learn about environment,
(3)transition from nose to hand- touch is used more than nose to
learn about things,
(4)increased brain complexity,
(5)increased parental investment,
(6)sociality
arboreal - tree living, more likely to speciate (form a new species)
due to forests changing more often than the ground. Form smaller
groups: parents + children
terrestrial - ground dwelling. Larger social unit: troop.
traits of New World monkeys - arboreal, prehensile tails (ability to
grab things with tail)
trait of Old World monkeys - both arboreal and terrestrial
prehensile tail - tails that can grasp
hominid - group consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes
, hominin - the group consisting of modern humans, extinct human
species and all our immediate ancestors (all members of the
human lineage)
Differences between humans and primates - humans do the
following: sharing and cooperation, mating and kinsman ship,
language and communication
bipedalism - walking upright (began with Ardipithecus Kadabba)
foramen magnum - hole at the base of the skull through which
spinal cord enters (location used to determine whether a species
was more bipedal or quadrupedal)
connection between dentition and diet - fire allowed teeth to
shrink because fire made food easier to eat (cooked food)
interconnection between biological change and culture - fire made
teeth smaller,
pelvis size became larger with bipedalism as the hips had to
support more weight, birth became easier,
Original people in Africa barely ate dairy because hurt their
stomach due to the fact they did not have the gene lactase to
digest dairy
Places that domesticated mammals, cows and goats, began to
eat more dairy, These people have evolved the ability to digest
lactose
Ardipithecus - ground floor root of humanity.
Kadabba (5.8 MYA): oldest hominin, (bipedal)
Ramidus (4.4 MYA, ex. Ardi): ancestral to Australopithecus,
discovery pushed back existence of bipedeal locomotion.
Australopithecus - Anemisis (4.2-3.9 MYA).
