ANTHRCUL 101 Chivens Exam 1 Questions With Answers
Graded A+ 2025/2026
Defamiliarizing Strategies - making the familiar strange; unsettling what is
taken for granted; give a jolt to deeply ingrained patterns; to enable an
ethnographic descirption
Juxtaposition - placing two things next to each other to see differences;
good way to make culture visible
Thin Descriptions - surface level, get past bias, ex:blink with eyes
Thick Descriptions - Eventually this becomes a symbol and means more
than the surface level; ex: sexual intent of a wink
Universals vs. Particulars - finding the particular in what appears to some to
be universal; how well do our categories actually transfer over
Cultural Particularity - Trait or feature of culture not generalized of
widespread
Franz Boas - PhD in physics, worked in all four fields of anthro; opposed
scientific racism
-argued that cultural forms are the result of local contexts and local
histories, not the result of intrinsic or hierarchical differences between
human groups
-"like causes have like effects, but like effects need not have like causes.."
Shakespeare in the Bush - -Finding the particular in what appears to be
universal
-British friends say that she cannot understand because she is not British
-Proves by sharing; ex: concepts of the ghosts
Bohannan's use of juxtaposition - -form of comparative method to get at
this question
-shows universal is actually culturally specific
-crucial concepts>see limits
Bohannan's use of interpretation - -Hamlet: dad died, remarries uncle
, -in the other culture this is the best thing that could happen
Bohannan article and Ethnocentrism - one thing all groups have in common
they think their story is right, they think their culture is superior
Culture - learned behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes characteristic of a
particular society or population
Culture is learned - Not inherited or transmitted genetically
Enculturation - the process of learning a culture; learning from experience
via reward/punishment that modifies behavior
Cultural Learning - consciously taught, teaching kids rules parents transmit
culture, observation (watch&learn), geographical factors, culture is one
large shared thing
Culture organizes nature - shapes nature for our benefit; impose cultural
rules on natural phenomena
Culture is shared - common features and knowledge; same tools for
making assumptions
-alienating behavior= frightening
Culture is intergrated - -All connected, interrelated to whole
-Dominant values in many aspects/institutions
Culture can be contested - Protest in attempt to change; always being
made and remade
Culture can be adaptive - Adaptive in specific physical/social environment;
different ways of coping with similar problems
Culture can be maladaptive - maladaptive in the long run; global warming
and threaten global community
Culture has levels - International and national cultures
International Cultures - Transcend national boundaries; diffuse from one
another; media influence spread and perception
Graded A+ 2025/2026
Defamiliarizing Strategies - making the familiar strange; unsettling what is
taken for granted; give a jolt to deeply ingrained patterns; to enable an
ethnographic descirption
Juxtaposition - placing two things next to each other to see differences;
good way to make culture visible
Thin Descriptions - surface level, get past bias, ex:blink with eyes
Thick Descriptions - Eventually this becomes a symbol and means more
than the surface level; ex: sexual intent of a wink
Universals vs. Particulars - finding the particular in what appears to some to
be universal; how well do our categories actually transfer over
Cultural Particularity - Trait or feature of culture not generalized of
widespread
Franz Boas - PhD in physics, worked in all four fields of anthro; opposed
scientific racism
-argued that cultural forms are the result of local contexts and local
histories, not the result of intrinsic or hierarchical differences between
human groups
-"like causes have like effects, but like effects need not have like causes.."
Shakespeare in the Bush - -Finding the particular in what appears to be
universal
-British friends say that she cannot understand because she is not British
-Proves by sharing; ex: concepts of the ghosts
Bohannan's use of juxtaposition - -form of comparative method to get at
this question
-shows universal is actually culturally specific
-crucial concepts>see limits
Bohannan's use of interpretation - -Hamlet: dad died, remarries uncle
, -in the other culture this is the best thing that could happen
Bohannan article and Ethnocentrism - one thing all groups have in common
they think their story is right, they think their culture is superior
Culture - learned behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes characteristic of a
particular society or population
Culture is learned - Not inherited or transmitted genetically
Enculturation - the process of learning a culture; learning from experience
via reward/punishment that modifies behavior
Cultural Learning - consciously taught, teaching kids rules parents transmit
culture, observation (watch&learn), geographical factors, culture is one
large shared thing
Culture organizes nature - shapes nature for our benefit; impose cultural
rules on natural phenomena
Culture is shared - common features and knowledge; same tools for
making assumptions
-alienating behavior= frightening
Culture is intergrated - -All connected, interrelated to whole
-Dominant values in many aspects/institutions
Culture can be contested - Protest in attempt to change; always being
made and remade
Culture can be adaptive - Adaptive in specific physical/social environment;
different ways of coping with similar problems
Culture can be maladaptive - maladaptive in the long run; global warming
and threaten global community
Culture has levels - International and national cultures
International Cultures - Transcend national boundaries; diffuse from one
another; media influence spread and perception
