ATI TEAS 7 Science Terms and Definitions

Term: cellular energy Definition: Photosynthesis & cellular respiration results in formation of for an organism Term: Photosynthesis Definition: is the process carried out by green plants, green algai & certain bacteria, which energy from the sunlight is trapped by green pigment Chlorophy 2 & use for synthesis of glucose Term: Chlorophyll Definition: Green pigment in plants Term: chloroplast Definition: these organisms are able to carry out photosynthesis due to specialized organelle Term: adenosine triphospate (ATP) Definition: In chloroplast, carbon dioxide, water & energy from the sun are used to produce ? Term: ATP Definition: is cellular fuel that provide energy to produce glucose from carbon dioxide, water & liberation O2 Term: autotroph Definition: Organism that is able to produce its own food & use photosynthesis to live Term: Definition: Cellular respiration uses 1 end products of photosynthesis, glucose to produce ATP for cells Term: Heterotrophs Definition: cellular respiration is used by . They cannot produce their own food. Term: Glycolysis Definition: During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down by the process of which transfers some of the energy in glucose to ATP. Term: Citric Acid cycle Definition: End - product of glycolysis are fed into ( Krebs cycle), to produce more ATP Term: Glycolysis & Citric acid cycle Definition: Together & constitute cellular respiration ( cells use mitochondria to carry out this cycle. During this process, oxygen is used up, while both water & carbon dioxide are formed as by products. Carbon dioxide is expelled, but can used by autotrophs during photosynthesis. Term: Photosynthesis Definition: Chemical equation for cellular respiration is the reverse of that of Term: chloroplast Definition: A new type of Algae has been discovered to determine whether or not this algae is an autotroph, the scientist should observe for which of the following? Term: Nucleus Definition: Chromosomes are located in the of a cell & contain stretches of DNA celled gene Term: Gene Definition: contain coded info that controls heredity of a particular traits, such as eye or hair color. Term: Nitrogenous Definition: Gene code that controls heredity , this code is made up of a sequence of bases of dna Term: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C) , Guanine (G) Definition: The gene code that is made up of Nitrogenous bases of DNA Term: Codon Definition: Each code is called & is composed of 3 bases Term: 64 different 3 letter combination can be formed for A,T,C,G Definition: There are 64 codons, because Term: amino acid Definition: Each codon matches to a specific Term: some codons match the same amino acids. Then a chain of amino acids then form a protein. Definition: There are 20 different amino acids, so Term: 1 gene matches to 1 protein Definition: Protein are work horses of the cell, Term: genetic trait Definition: It is the protein that are reasoniable for the expression of Term: inherited differences between 1 person & another Definition: The sum of all protein directed by the genes of an individual are responsible for Term: protein Definition: Genetic traits are expressed through the actions of? Term: Genome Definition: complete set of DNA for individual that contains all genes Term: * Error during DNA replication * Via mutagen Definition: Mutations in the genome occurs primarily by 2 mechanisms