CCJ 3701 Exam 1 Dr.Brooke Possible Questions Exam Example Questions And Answers.

Anecdotal - correct answer based on personal accounts rather than facts or research much of what we (think we) know about the world is observational and experimental. Ex: That guy is a jerk, so I stay away from him. Heuristic devices - correct answer Mental shortcuts 5 common errors in reasoning - correct answer Overgeneralization Selective observation Inaccurate observation Illogical Reasoning Resistance to change Overgeneralization - correct answer taking one instance and applying it for everything EX: that guy was mean and he works in a bank so therefore, everyone who works in a bank is mean stereotyping Inaccurate observation - correct answer An observation based on faulty perceptions of empirical reality Selective observation - correct answer tendency to "see" what supports our own ideals Illogical Reasoning - correct answer draw conclusions from invalid assumptions ex:Poverty causes crime Resistance to change - correct answer You learn new knowledge and you are reluctant to change your views why?: ego, tradition, deference to authority Science - correct answer Relies on logical systematic methods to answer questions in a way that allows others to inspect and evaluate its methods Social Science - correct answer Investigate individuals, societies, and social processes 5 Characteristics of Science - correct answer Systematic, transparent, replicable, peer reviewed, refutable/falsifiable Systematic - correct answer Rules for the proper way to collect evidence Transparent - correct answer Researchers are open about their methods so that others can see and evaluate the correctness of the procedures Replicable - correct answer Each study can be conducted again by another researcher to determine if the results are the same Peer Reviewed - correct answer Before a study is published in an academic journal, other scientists evaluate its methods to ensure proper scientific technique Refutable/Falsifiable - correct answer Theories or other conclusions drawn as the result of scientific investigations must lend themselves to further testing 3 Main motives for criminological research - correct answer Policy motivations, academic motivations, personal motivations Four Types of CJ Research - correct answer Descriptive, Exploratory, Explanatory, Evaluation Descriptive Research - correct answer Define and describe, count Purpose: trends and patterns ex: How many youth become involved in gangs Exploratory Research - correct answer Gather information on newly identified areas/concerns Purpose: looking at a new phenomenon, want to gain a further understanding on personal experiences ex: what led a mass shooter to his terrible crime Cause and effect, testing theories Purpose: testing for cause and effect and theories ex: Compare two competing theories or proposed causes - correct answer Explanatory Research Effects of intervention Purpose: assessing policies, programs ex:does tighter restrictions on the purchase of handguns reduce gun- related crimes - correct answer Evaluation Research Types of Research domains - correct answer quantitative and qualitative Quantitative Research - correct answer