BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions with correct
Answers
Your patient is an uncontrolled diabetic (brittle or no meds). Their glucose levels are
expected to be elevated in all compartments except? ANSWERS The Intracellular
Compartment.
The external environment: ANSWERS Hostile to cells.
Within most tissues, materials such as amino acid based hormones, glucose and
electrolytes are readily exchanged between interstitial fluid and ? ANSWERS
Blood plasma through capillaries.
Beta Cells: ANSWERS Produce insulin and release insulin, sense glucose; found
on pancreatic islets.
Parasympatholytics: ANSWERS Muscarinic cholinergic antagonists; blocks
response. Ex: Atropine can effectively treat asthma but blocks secretion, patient
compliance is 0% due to severely dried out features.
Sarin nerve gas and pesticides or neostigmine: ANSWERS Mimics having more
acetylcholine; blocks acetylcholine breakdown (enzyme blocker). Stimulates both
muscarinic and nictotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Sympathomimitics: ANSWERS Mimics effect of sympathetic response. Adrenergic
antagonists (alpha and beta). Ex: Alpha- pseudofed or phenylephrine; constricts
vessels.
Beta- albuterol; asthma, increases HR/BP.
ACBD: ANSWERS Alpha's Constrict and Beta's Dilate (block).
Sympatholytics: ANSWERS Alpha adrenergic antagonists: Alpha blockers.
Ex: Alpha 1- phentolamine.
Type II Diabetes Mellitus: ANSWERS Usually adult-onset or insulin-resistant.
Obesity and family history usually associated. Target cells lose sensitivity to insulin.
Most common (90-95%). Diet/exercise is recommended or oral hypoglycemics.
Where are insulin receptors located? ANSWERS On most cells (target tissues for
insulin cells); except for red blood cells, kidney cells and Beta cells.
, The liver, pancreas, and skeletal muscles maintain glucose homeostasis through?
ANSWERS Negative feedback/Negative Feedback Loops.
Homeostasis refers to a constant: ANSWERS 'Milieu' Interior and extracellular
compartment.
The normal range of glucose concentration in blood plasma is? ANSWERS 70-
110 mg/dl
Which fluid compartment contains approximately 25% of fluid present within humans?
ANSWERS Interstitial compartment.
Type of extracellular chemical messenger that may have a local effect? ANSWERS
Paracrine and neurotransmitters.
Decreased heart rate is mediated by: ANSWERS The parasympathetic nerves.
Histamine: ANSWERS May be produced by mast cells. Released locally by
immune cells (mast cells) in response to inflammation: Mast cell senses foreign
materials then releases histamine to eliminate mucus secretion, water secretion,
inflammation of nerves, and stimulate increase of blood flow.
Which of the following is not directly controlled by the ANS? ANSWERS Skeletal
Muscles.
Having a blood glucose level of 130 mg/dl is: ANSWERS Expected to stimulate
beta cells.
Which of the following is not true of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's)?
ANSWERS They stimulate an enzyme that is responsible for the production of
prostaglandins.
A drug that binds to a specific receptor and does nothing: ANSWERS Antagonist
Which fluid compartment contains 65% of fluid within the body? ANSWERS
Intracellular compartment.
Stimulation of sympathetic nerves causes all except? ANSWERS Bronchial
constriction.
The rest and digest response is partly in due to the activation of which nerves?
ANSWERS Parasympathetic nerves.
Describe how glucose homeostasis is maintained? ANSWERS The most common
mechanism in correcting hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia are negative feedback loops.
These loops provide correction regardless of direction. In order to fix
Answers
Your patient is an uncontrolled diabetic (brittle or no meds). Their glucose levels are
expected to be elevated in all compartments except? ANSWERS The Intracellular
Compartment.
The external environment: ANSWERS Hostile to cells.
Within most tissues, materials such as amino acid based hormones, glucose and
electrolytes are readily exchanged between interstitial fluid and ? ANSWERS
Blood plasma through capillaries.
Beta Cells: ANSWERS Produce insulin and release insulin, sense glucose; found
on pancreatic islets.
Parasympatholytics: ANSWERS Muscarinic cholinergic antagonists; blocks
response. Ex: Atropine can effectively treat asthma but blocks secretion, patient
compliance is 0% due to severely dried out features.
Sarin nerve gas and pesticides or neostigmine: ANSWERS Mimics having more
acetylcholine; blocks acetylcholine breakdown (enzyme blocker). Stimulates both
muscarinic and nictotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Sympathomimitics: ANSWERS Mimics effect of sympathetic response. Adrenergic
antagonists (alpha and beta). Ex: Alpha- pseudofed or phenylephrine; constricts
vessels.
Beta- albuterol; asthma, increases HR/BP.
ACBD: ANSWERS Alpha's Constrict and Beta's Dilate (block).
Sympatholytics: ANSWERS Alpha adrenergic antagonists: Alpha blockers.
Ex: Alpha 1- phentolamine.
Type II Diabetes Mellitus: ANSWERS Usually adult-onset or insulin-resistant.
Obesity and family history usually associated. Target cells lose sensitivity to insulin.
Most common (90-95%). Diet/exercise is recommended or oral hypoglycemics.
Where are insulin receptors located? ANSWERS On most cells (target tissues for
insulin cells); except for red blood cells, kidney cells and Beta cells.
, The liver, pancreas, and skeletal muscles maintain glucose homeostasis through?
ANSWERS Negative feedback/Negative Feedback Loops.
Homeostasis refers to a constant: ANSWERS 'Milieu' Interior and extracellular
compartment.
The normal range of glucose concentration in blood plasma is? ANSWERS 70-
110 mg/dl
Which fluid compartment contains approximately 25% of fluid present within humans?
ANSWERS Interstitial compartment.
Type of extracellular chemical messenger that may have a local effect? ANSWERS
Paracrine and neurotransmitters.
Decreased heart rate is mediated by: ANSWERS The parasympathetic nerves.
Histamine: ANSWERS May be produced by mast cells. Released locally by
immune cells (mast cells) in response to inflammation: Mast cell senses foreign
materials then releases histamine to eliminate mucus secretion, water secretion,
inflammation of nerves, and stimulate increase of blood flow.
Which of the following is not directly controlled by the ANS? ANSWERS Skeletal
Muscles.
Having a blood glucose level of 130 mg/dl is: ANSWERS Expected to stimulate
beta cells.
Which of the following is not true of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's)?
ANSWERS They stimulate an enzyme that is responsible for the production of
prostaglandins.
A drug that binds to a specific receptor and does nothing: ANSWERS Antagonist
Which fluid compartment contains 65% of fluid within the body? ANSWERS
Intracellular compartment.
Stimulation of sympathetic nerves causes all except? ANSWERS Bronchial
constriction.
The rest and digest response is partly in due to the activation of which nerves?
ANSWERS Parasympathetic nerves.
Describe how glucose homeostasis is maintained? ANSWERS The most common
mechanism in correcting hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia are negative feedback loops.
These loops provide correction regardless of direction. In order to fix
