NURS 2055 FALL 2025 FINAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma and notes wheezing and
dyspnea. Which of the following pathophysiological change sis attributable
to these symptoms?
• Laryngospasm
• Pulmonary edema
• Narrowing of the airway
• Over distension of the alveoli - ANSWER Narrowing of the airway leads to
reduced airflow, making it difficultfor the patient to breathe and producing
the characteristic wheezing
The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma who isshort of breath and
appears frightened. Which of the following clinical manifestations is often
present as a nearly symptom during an acute exacerbation of asthma?
• Anxiety
•Cyanosis
• Bradycardia
• Hypercapnia - ANSWER An early symptom during an acute asthma attack is
anxiety because the patient is acutelyaware of the inability to get sufficient
air to breathe. They will be hypoxic early on, with decreased PaCO2, and
increased pH as they are hyperventilating.
,The nurse is caring for a patient who has anxiety and is experiencing an
exacerbation of asthma.For which of the following reasons should the nurse
carefully inspect the chest wall of the patient?
• Allow time to calm the patient.
• Observe for signs of diaphoresis.
• Evaluate the use of intercostal muscles
• Monitor the patient for bilateral chest expansion. - ANSWER The nurse
physically inspects the chest wall to evaluate the use of intercostal
(accessory) muscles, which gives an indication of the degree of respiratory
distress experienced by the patient.
Which of the following positions is best for the nurse to place apatient whois
experiencing an asthma exacerbation?
• Supine
• Lithotomy
• High Fowler's
• Reverse Trendelenburg - ANSWER High Fowler's
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute exacerbation of asthma.
Following initial treatment,which of the following findings indicates to the
nurse that the patient's respiratory status is improving?
• Wheezing becomes louder
• Vesicular breath sounds decrease
• The cough remains non-productive
,• Aerosol bronchodilators stimulate coughing - ANSWER The primary
problem during an exacerbation of asthma is narrowing of the airway and
subsequent diminished air exchange. As the airways begin to dilate,
wheezing gets louder because of better air exchange.
The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of activity intolerance for a patient
with asthma. Which of the following etiological factors should the nurse
assess in the patient?
• Work of breathing
Fear of suffocation
• Effects of medications
• Anxiety and restlessness - ANSWER When the patient does not have
sufficient gas exchange to engage in activity, the etiologicalfactor is often
the work of breathing. When patients with asthma do not have effective
respirations, they use all available energy to breathe and have little left over
for purposeful activity.
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute exacerbation of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who needs to receive precise amounts
of oxygen. Which of the following types of equipment should the nurse
prepare touse?
• Oxygen tent
• Venturi mask
• Nasal cannula•
Partial non-rebreather mask - ANSWER The Venturi mask delivers precise
, concentrations of oxygen and should be selected whenever this is a priority
concern. The other methods are less precise in terms of amount of oxygen
delivered
The nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about the appropriate use of a
peak flowmeter. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include
in the teaching plan?
• Use the flowmeter each morning after taking medications to evaluate
theireffectiveness
.• Keep a record of the peak flowmeter numbers if symptoms of asthma are
getting worse.
• Increase the doses of the long-term control medication if the peak flow
numbersdecrease.
• Empty the lungs and then inhale quickly through the mouthpiece to
measurehow fast air can be inhaled. - ANSWER It is important to keep track
of peak flow readings daily, especially when the patient's symptoms are
getting worse.The patient should have specific directions as to when to call
the physician, based on personal peak flow numbers.Peak flow is measured
by exhaling into the flowmeter and should be assessed before and after
medications toevaluate their effectiveness
The nurse determines that a patient is experiencing common adverse effects
from the inhaled corticosteroid beclomethasone. Which of the following
symptoms is the basis for this determination?
• Hypertension and pulmonary edema
• Oropharyngeal candidiasis and hoarseness
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma and notes wheezing and
dyspnea. Which of the following pathophysiological change sis attributable
to these symptoms?
• Laryngospasm
• Pulmonary edema
• Narrowing of the airway
• Over distension of the alveoli - ANSWER Narrowing of the airway leads to
reduced airflow, making it difficultfor the patient to breathe and producing
the characteristic wheezing
The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma who isshort of breath and
appears frightened. Which of the following clinical manifestations is often
present as a nearly symptom during an acute exacerbation of asthma?
• Anxiety
•Cyanosis
• Bradycardia
• Hypercapnia - ANSWER An early symptom during an acute asthma attack is
anxiety because the patient is acutelyaware of the inability to get sufficient
air to breathe. They will be hypoxic early on, with decreased PaCO2, and
increased pH as they are hyperventilating.
,The nurse is caring for a patient who has anxiety and is experiencing an
exacerbation of asthma.For which of the following reasons should the nurse
carefully inspect the chest wall of the patient?
• Allow time to calm the patient.
• Observe for signs of diaphoresis.
• Evaluate the use of intercostal muscles
• Monitor the patient for bilateral chest expansion. - ANSWER The nurse
physically inspects the chest wall to evaluate the use of intercostal
(accessory) muscles, which gives an indication of the degree of respiratory
distress experienced by the patient.
Which of the following positions is best for the nurse to place apatient whois
experiencing an asthma exacerbation?
• Supine
• Lithotomy
• High Fowler's
• Reverse Trendelenburg - ANSWER High Fowler's
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute exacerbation of asthma.
Following initial treatment,which of the following findings indicates to the
nurse that the patient's respiratory status is improving?
• Wheezing becomes louder
• Vesicular breath sounds decrease
• The cough remains non-productive
,• Aerosol bronchodilators stimulate coughing - ANSWER The primary
problem during an exacerbation of asthma is narrowing of the airway and
subsequent diminished air exchange. As the airways begin to dilate,
wheezing gets louder because of better air exchange.
The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of activity intolerance for a patient
with asthma. Which of the following etiological factors should the nurse
assess in the patient?
• Work of breathing
Fear of suffocation
• Effects of medications
• Anxiety and restlessness - ANSWER When the patient does not have
sufficient gas exchange to engage in activity, the etiologicalfactor is often
the work of breathing. When patients with asthma do not have effective
respirations, they use all available energy to breathe and have little left over
for purposeful activity.
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute exacerbation of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who needs to receive precise amounts
of oxygen. Which of the following types of equipment should the nurse
prepare touse?
• Oxygen tent
• Venturi mask
• Nasal cannula•
Partial non-rebreather mask - ANSWER The Venturi mask delivers precise
, concentrations of oxygen and should be selected whenever this is a priority
concern. The other methods are less precise in terms of amount of oxygen
delivered
The nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about the appropriate use of a
peak flowmeter. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include
in the teaching plan?
• Use the flowmeter each morning after taking medications to evaluate
theireffectiveness
.• Keep a record of the peak flowmeter numbers if symptoms of asthma are
getting worse.
• Increase the doses of the long-term control medication if the peak flow
numbersdecrease.
• Empty the lungs and then inhale quickly through the mouthpiece to
measurehow fast air can be inhaled. - ANSWER It is important to keep track
of peak flow readings daily, especially when the patient's symptoms are
getting worse.The patient should have specific directions as to when to call
the physician, based on personal peak flow numbers.Peak flow is measured
by exhaling into the flowmeter and should be assessed before and after
medications toevaluate their effectiveness
The nurse determines that a patient is experiencing common adverse effects
from the inhaled corticosteroid beclomethasone. Which of the following
symptoms is the basis for this determination?
• Hypertension and pulmonary edema
• Oropharyngeal candidiasis and hoarseness
