Logic: Exam 2- Informal Fallacies
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Fallacy - ✔✔A defect or flaw in reasoning.
"Non-Sequitur" - ✔✔Does not follow.
What are the two main causes of fallacies? - ✔✔1. Mistakes in reasoning (unintentional).
2. Bad argument made to appear good by creating an "illusion" (intentional).
What are the two kinds of fallacies? - ✔✔Formal and Informal.
Formal Fallacy - ✔✔Flaw in structure of from of an argument.
Informal Fallacy - ✔✔Logical flaw in content of an argument.
Fallacies of Relevance - ✔✔The premises are not relevant to the conclusion.
Appeal to force - ✔✔Arguer threatens the listener. Harm will come if one doesn't agree
to the conclusion.
Appeal to pity - ✔✔Arguer elicits/evokes pity from the listener.
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, What are the two approaches of the appeal to the people fallacy? - ✔✔Direct and
Indirect
Direct approach of appeal to the people - ✔✔An arguer, addressing a large group of
people, excites the emotions of the crown to win acceptance for the conclusion.
Indirect approach of appeal to the people - ✔✔An argued aims their appeal at one or
more individuals separately, focusing on some aspect of those individuals' relationship
to the crowd.
The direct approach of appeal to the people includes which fallacies? - ✔✔Appeal to
fear.
The indirect approach of appeal to the people includes which fallacies? -
✔✔Bandwagon, vanity, snobbery, and tradition.
Appeal to the people - ✔✔Arguer incites mob mentality (direct form) or appeals to our
desire for security, love, or respect (indirect form)
Appeal to fear - ✔✔Arguer creates a fear in the listeners' minds then uses that fear as a
premise for some conclusion.
Bandwagon argument - ✔✔"Everyone believes X, Y, and Z, so you should believe X, Y,
and Z."
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Fallacy - ✔✔A defect or flaw in reasoning.
"Non-Sequitur" - ✔✔Does not follow.
What are the two main causes of fallacies? - ✔✔1. Mistakes in reasoning (unintentional).
2. Bad argument made to appear good by creating an "illusion" (intentional).
What are the two kinds of fallacies? - ✔✔Formal and Informal.
Formal Fallacy - ✔✔Flaw in structure of from of an argument.
Informal Fallacy - ✔✔Logical flaw in content of an argument.
Fallacies of Relevance - ✔✔The premises are not relevant to the conclusion.
Appeal to force - ✔✔Arguer threatens the listener. Harm will come if one doesn't agree
to the conclusion.
Appeal to pity - ✔✔Arguer elicits/evokes pity from the listener.
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, What are the two approaches of the appeal to the people fallacy? - ✔✔Direct and
Indirect
Direct approach of appeal to the people - ✔✔An arguer, addressing a large group of
people, excites the emotions of the crown to win acceptance for the conclusion.
Indirect approach of appeal to the people - ✔✔An argued aims their appeal at one or
more individuals separately, focusing on some aspect of those individuals' relationship
to the crowd.
The direct approach of appeal to the people includes which fallacies? - ✔✔Appeal to
fear.
The indirect approach of appeal to the people includes which fallacies? -
✔✔Bandwagon, vanity, snobbery, and tradition.
Appeal to the people - ✔✔Arguer incites mob mentality (direct form) or appeals to our
desire for security, love, or respect (indirect form)
Appeal to fear - ✔✔Arguer creates a fear in the listeners' minds then uses that fear as a
premise for some conclusion.
Bandwagon argument - ✔✔"Everyone believes X, Y, and Z, so you should believe X, Y,
and Z."
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
