TEST BANK
1. A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about
pharmacology. When describing this topic, the instructor would focus the discussion on
which of the following as an essential aspect?
A) Drug name
B) Drug class
C) Drug action
D) Drug source
Ans: C
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Feedback:
Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their action on living organisms. Thus, an
essential aspect of pharmacology is drug action. An understanding of the drug name,
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drug class, and drug source is important, but the most critical aspect related to
pharmacology is how the drug acts in the body.
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2. A nursing student is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a patient. The student
reviews information about the drug and its actions. Which of the following would be the
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best choice for obtaining this information? Select all that apply.
A) Nursing instructor
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B) Nurse assigned to the patient
C) Clinical drug reference
D) Prescribing health care provider
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E) Clinical pharmacist
Ans: C, E
Feedback:
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Although the nursing student can ask the nursing instructor, the nurse assigned to the
patient, and the prescribing health care provider for information about the drug, the best
choices for drug information would include an appropriate drug reference and the
clinical pharmacist.
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3. When describing the various types of medications to a group of nursing students, a
nursing instructor would identify which of the following as a source for deriving
medications? Select all that apply.
A) Plants
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B) Synthetic sources
C) Mold
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D) Minerals
E) Animals
w Ans: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback:
Medications are derived from natural sources, for example, plants, molds, minerals, and
animals, as well as created synthetically in a laboratory.
Page 1
, 4. Which of the following names may be assigned to a drug during the process of 7. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do to ensure the safe
development? Select all that apply. use of prescription drugs in the institutional setting? Select all that apply.
A) Chemical name A) Administering drugs
B) Official name B) Monitoring clients for drug effects
C) Pharmacologic name C) Prescribing drugs
D) Trade name D) Evaluating clients for toxic effects
E) Nonproprietary name E) Educating clients/caregivers about drugs
Ans: A, B, D, E Ans: A, B, D, E
m
m
Feedback: Feedback:
Throughout the process of development, drugs may have several names assigned to In the institutional setting, the nurse's role to ensure safe use of prescription drugs
them including a chemical name, a generic (nonproprietary) name, an official name, and includes administering drugs, monitoring drug effects, evaluating for toxic effects, and
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a trade or brand name. educating clients and caregivers about drugs.
k.
k.
5. A drug may be classified by which of the following? Select all that apply. 8. The nurse is helping a client review a prescription from the health care provider. When
A) The chemical type of the drug's active ingredient examining the prescription, which of the following would the nurse expect to find
B) The way the drug is used to treat a specific condition documented? Select all that apply.
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n
C) The generic name of the drug A) Name of the drug
D) The trade name of the drug B) Dosage of the drug
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E) The nonproprietary name of the drug C) Route of drug administration
Ans: A, B D) Times of drug administration
Feedback: E) Licensed prescriber's signature
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nk
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is Ans: A, B, C, D, E
used to treat a particular condition. Generic, trade, and nonproprietary refer to how a Feedback:
drug is named. The prescription must contain the client's name, the name of the drug, the dosage, the
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method and times of administration, and the signature of the licensed health care
provider prescribing the drug.
6. A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the process of drug
development in the United States. The students demonstrate understanding of this
st
st
process when they identify that which of the following categories are assigned by the 9. After teaching a group of nursing students about nonprescription drugs, the nursing
Food and Drug Administration to newly approved drugs? Select all that apply. instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which
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A) Metabolite of the following? Select all that apply.
B) Noncontrolled substance A) They require a licensed health care provider's signature.
C) Prescription B) They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs.
D) Nonprescription C) They can be taken without risk to the client.
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E) Controlled substance D) They have certain labeling requirements.
Ans: C, D, E E) They should be taken only as directed on the label.
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Feedback: Ans: B, D, E
Once drugs are approved for use, the FDA assigns the drug to one of the following Feedback:
categories: prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substance. Metabolite refers to Nonprescription drugs are often referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. They do
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the inactive form of the drug. Noncontrolled substance is a term that is not used.
w not require a prescription (a licensed health care provider's signature) but do not come
without risk to the client. The federal government has imposed labeling requirements of
OTC drugs and they should only be taken as directed on the label unless under the
supervision of a health care provider.
Page 2 Page 3
, 10. A nursing student is reviewing information about the Controlled Substances Act of 12. After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor
1970. The student would expect to find which of the following as being regulated for determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the
drugs classified as controlled substances? Select all that apply. following as a phase? Select all that apply.
A) Manufacturing A) Absorption
B) Elimination B) Distribution
C) Distribution C) Administration
D) Formulation D) Metabolism
E) Dispensing E) Excretion
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m
Ans: A, C, E Ans: A, B, D, E
Feedback: Feedback:
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 regulates the manufacture, distribution, and The pharmacokinetic phases are absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
co
co
dispensing of drugs classified as controlled substances. Elimination refers to the The acronym ADME is a helpful way to remember the pharmacokinetic phases.
excretion of drugs from the body, a pharmacokinetic activity. The act does not address
formulation of the drug.
k.
k.
13. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed an oral medication.
As part of the plan, the nurse expects to describe the importance of absorption. The
11. When reviewing information about the Orphan Drug Program, which of the following nurse would integrate knowledge of which of the following as a mechanism for
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n
would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply. absorption in the gastrointestinal tract? Select all that apply.
A) The program encourages the development and marketing of products to treat rare A) Active transport
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ta
diseases. B) Transposition
B) The program grants provisional approval with a written commitment from the C) Passive transport
drug company to formally demonstrate client benefits. D) Endocytosis
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C) The program provides for incentives, such as research grants, protocol assistance, E) Pinocytosis
and special tax credits, to develop products to treat rare diseases. Ans: A, C, E
D) The program grants 7 years of exclusive marketing rights to the manufacturer if Feedback:
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approved. During absorption, the drug particles in the GI tract are moved into the body fluids via
E) The program accelerates approval of drugs based on preliminary evidence before active transport, passive transport, and pinocytosis.
formal demonstration of client benefits.
Ans: A, C, D
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Feedback: 14. After teaching a group of nursing students about the half-life of a drug, the instructor
The Orphan Drug Program encourages the development and marketing of products used determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the
.te
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to treat rare diseases. The program provides incentives to encourage manufacturers to following as true? Select all that apply:
develop orphan drugs, and if approved, the manufacturer has 7 years of exclusive A) Half-life can be decreased in clients with renal disease.
marketing rights. Accelerated programs involve provisional approval and approval B) Half-life can help determine dosing frequency.
based on preliminary evidence. C) Half-life does not change throughout a client's life.
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D) Liver disease can increase half-life.
E) Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body.
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w
Ans: A, C
Feedback:
Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body, and any
w
w difficulty in excreting a drug increases half-life, including liver or kidney disease or
advanced age.
Page 4 Page 5
, 15. A nurse is assessing a client after administering a prescribed medication. Which of the 18. A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to a client. The nurse
following would alert the nurse to suspect that the client is developing anaphylactic integrates knowledge of which of the following as a possible factor that could influence
shock? Select all that apply. the drug response? Select all that apply.
A) Bradycardia A) Age
B) Hypertension B) Polypharmacy
C) Dyspnea C) Weight
D) Urticaria D) Sex
E) Angioedema E) Disease
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m
Ans: C, D, E Ans: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback: Feedback:
The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are dyspnea, feeling of fullness in the throat, Drug response can be influenced by the following factors: age, polypharmacy, weight,
co
co
cough, wheezing, extremely low blood pressure, tachycardia (heart rate >100 bpm), sex, disease, and genetics.
palpitations, syncope, cardiac arrest, urticaria, angioedema, pruritus, sweating, nausea,
vomiting, and abdominal pain.
k.
k.
19. A nurse is assessing a client and notes that the client has developed swelling of the
eyelids and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. The nurse interprets this
16. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in finding as specifically indicating which of the following?
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n
children and infants? Select all that apply. A) Mild allergic reaction
A) Slower gastric emptying B) Anaphylactic shock
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ta
B) Greater surface area C) Angioedema
C) Less protein binding D) Drug idiosyncrasy
D) Decreased body water content Ans: C
nk
nk
E) Less cutaneous fat Feedback:
Ans: A, B, C, E Angioedema is a type of allergic drug reaction manifested by the collection of fluid in
Feedback: the subcutaneous tissues, most commonly affecting the eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat.
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ba
Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Allergic reactions can be manifested by a wide range of signs and symptoms such as
Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less itching, rashes, and hives. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction that requires
cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, immediate medical attention. Drug idiosyncrasy describes any unusual or abnormal
and immature hepatic and renal function. reaction to a drug, one that is different from the one normally expected.
st
st
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17. The FDA established a safety information and adverse events reporting program called 20. Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education
MedWatch. Which individuals can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts Act (DSHEA)? Select all that apply.
on drugs, devices, or dietary supplements? Select all that apply. A) The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
A) Physicians B) The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
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B) Nurses C) The act permits general health claims.
C) Patients D) The act permits curative health claims.
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w
D) Pharmacists E) The act defines specific substances as “dietary supplements.”
E) Caregivers Ans: B, C, E
Ans: A, B, C, D, E Feedback:
w
Feedback:
Anyone can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on drugs, devices, or
w The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and
other natural substances as “dietary supplements” and permits general health claims as
dietary supplements. long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by
the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act
gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
Page 6 Page 7
1. A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about
pharmacology. When describing this topic, the instructor would focus the discussion on
which of the following as an essential aspect?
A) Drug name
B) Drug class
C) Drug action
D) Drug source
Ans: C
m
Feedback:
Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their action on living organisms. Thus, an
essential aspect of pharmacology is drug action. An understanding of the drug name,
co
drug class, and drug source is important, but the most critical aspect related to
pharmacology is how the drug acts in the body.
k.
2. A nursing student is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a patient. The student
reviews information about the drug and its actions. Which of the following would be the
n
best choice for obtaining this information? Select all that apply.
A) Nursing instructor
ta
B) Nurse assigned to the patient
C) Clinical drug reference
D) Prescribing health care provider
nk
E) Clinical pharmacist
Ans: C, E
Feedback:
ba
Although the nursing student can ask the nursing instructor, the nurse assigned to the
patient, and the prescribing health care provider for information about the drug, the best
choices for drug information would include an appropriate drug reference and the
clinical pharmacist.
st
.te
3. When describing the various types of medications to a group of nursing students, a
nursing instructor would identify which of the following as a source for deriving
medications? Select all that apply.
A) Plants
w
B) Synthetic sources
C) Mold
w
D) Minerals
E) Animals
w Ans: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback:
Medications are derived from natural sources, for example, plants, molds, minerals, and
animals, as well as created synthetically in a laboratory.
Page 1
, 4. Which of the following names may be assigned to a drug during the process of 7. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do to ensure the safe
development? Select all that apply. use of prescription drugs in the institutional setting? Select all that apply.
A) Chemical name A) Administering drugs
B) Official name B) Monitoring clients for drug effects
C) Pharmacologic name C) Prescribing drugs
D) Trade name D) Evaluating clients for toxic effects
E) Nonproprietary name E) Educating clients/caregivers about drugs
Ans: A, B, D, E Ans: A, B, D, E
m
m
Feedback: Feedback:
Throughout the process of development, drugs may have several names assigned to In the institutional setting, the nurse's role to ensure safe use of prescription drugs
them including a chemical name, a generic (nonproprietary) name, an official name, and includes administering drugs, monitoring drug effects, evaluating for toxic effects, and
co
co
a trade or brand name. educating clients and caregivers about drugs.
k.
k.
5. A drug may be classified by which of the following? Select all that apply. 8. The nurse is helping a client review a prescription from the health care provider. When
A) The chemical type of the drug's active ingredient examining the prescription, which of the following would the nurse expect to find
B) The way the drug is used to treat a specific condition documented? Select all that apply.
n
n
C) The generic name of the drug A) Name of the drug
D) The trade name of the drug B) Dosage of the drug
ta
ta
E) The nonproprietary name of the drug C) Route of drug administration
Ans: A, B D) Times of drug administration
Feedback: E) Licensed prescriber's signature
nk
nk
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is Ans: A, B, C, D, E
used to treat a particular condition. Generic, trade, and nonproprietary refer to how a Feedback:
drug is named. The prescription must contain the client's name, the name of the drug, the dosage, the
ba
ba
method and times of administration, and the signature of the licensed health care
provider prescribing the drug.
6. A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the process of drug
development in the United States. The students demonstrate understanding of this
st
st
process when they identify that which of the following categories are assigned by the 9. After teaching a group of nursing students about nonprescription drugs, the nursing
Food and Drug Administration to newly approved drugs? Select all that apply. instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which
.te
.te
A) Metabolite of the following? Select all that apply.
B) Noncontrolled substance A) They require a licensed health care provider's signature.
C) Prescription B) They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs.
D) Nonprescription C) They can be taken without risk to the client.
w
w
E) Controlled substance D) They have certain labeling requirements.
Ans: C, D, E E) They should be taken only as directed on the label.
w
w
Feedback: Ans: B, D, E
Once drugs are approved for use, the FDA assigns the drug to one of the following Feedback:
categories: prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substance. Metabolite refers to Nonprescription drugs are often referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. They do
w
the inactive form of the drug. Noncontrolled substance is a term that is not used.
w not require a prescription (a licensed health care provider's signature) but do not come
without risk to the client. The federal government has imposed labeling requirements of
OTC drugs and they should only be taken as directed on the label unless under the
supervision of a health care provider.
Page 2 Page 3
, 10. A nursing student is reviewing information about the Controlled Substances Act of 12. After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor
1970. The student would expect to find which of the following as being regulated for determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the
drugs classified as controlled substances? Select all that apply. following as a phase? Select all that apply.
A) Manufacturing A) Absorption
B) Elimination B) Distribution
C) Distribution C) Administration
D) Formulation D) Metabolism
E) Dispensing E) Excretion
m
m
Ans: A, C, E Ans: A, B, D, E
Feedback: Feedback:
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 regulates the manufacture, distribution, and The pharmacokinetic phases are absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
co
co
dispensing of drugs classified as controlled substances. Elimination refers to the The acronym ADME is a helpful way to remember the pharmacokinetic phases.
excretion of drugs from the body, a pharmacokinetic activity. The act does not address
formulation of the drug.
k.
k.
13. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed an oral medication.
As part of the plan, the nurse expects to describe the importance of absorption. The
11. When reviewing information about the Orphan Drug Program, which of the following nurse would integrate knowledge of which of the following as a mechanism for
n
n
would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply. absorption in the gastrointestinal tract? Select all that apply.
A) The program encourages the development and marketing of products to treat rare A) Active transport
ta
ta
diseases. B) Transposition
B) The program grants provisional approval with a written commitment from the C) Passive transport
drug company to formally demonstrate client benefits. D) Endocytosis
nk
nk
C) The program provides for incentives, such as research grants, protocol assistance, E) Pinocytosis
and special tax credits, to develop products to treat rare diseases. Ans: A, C, E
D) The program grants 7 years of exclusive marketing rights to the manufacturer if Feedback:
ba
ba
approved. During absorption, the drug particles in the GI tract are moved into the body fluids via
E) The program accelerates approval of drugs based on preliminary evidence before active transport, passive transport, and pinocytosis.
formal demonstration of client benefits.
Ans: A, C, D
st
st
Feedback: 14. After teaching a group of nursing students about the half-life of a drug, the instructor
The Orphan Drug Program encourages the development and marketing of products used determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the
.te
.te
to treat rare diseases. The program provides incentives to encourage manufacturers to following as true? Select all that apply:
develop orphan drugs, and if approved, the manufacturer has 7 years of exclusive A) Half-life can be decreased in clients with renal disease.
marketing rights. Accelerated programs involve provisional approval and approval B) Half-life can help determine dosing frequency.
based on preliminary evidence. C) Half-life does not change throughout a client's life.
w
w
D) Liver disease can increase half-life.
E) Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body.
w
w
Ans: A, C
Feedback:
Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body, and any
w
w difficulty in excreting a drug increases half-life, including liver or kidney disease or
advanced age.
Page 4 Page 5
, 15. A nurse is assessing a client after administering a prescribed medication. Which of the 18. A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to a client. The nurse
following would alert the nurse to suspect that the client is developing anaphylactic integrates knowledge of which of the following as a possible factor that could influence
shock? Select all that apply. the drug response? Select all that apply.
A) Bradycardia A) Age
B) Hypertension B) Polypharmacy
C) Dyspnea C) Weight
D) Urticaria D) Sex
E) Angioedema E) Disease
m
m
Ans: C, D, E Ans: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback: Feedback:
The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are dyspnea, feeling of fullness in the throat, Drug response can be influenced by the following factors: age, polypharmacy, weight,
co
co
cough, wheezing, extremely low blood pressure, tachycardia (heart rate >100 bpm), sex, disease, and genetics.
palpitations, syncope, cardiac arrest, urticaria, angioedema, pruritus, sweating, nausea,
vomiting, and abdominal pain.
k.
k.
19. A nurse is assessing a client and notes that the client has developed swelling of the
eyelids and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. The nurse interprets this
16. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in finding as specifically indicating which of the following?
n
n
children and infants? Select all that apply. A) Mild allergic reaction
A) Slower gastric emptying B) Anaphylactic shock
ta
ta
B) Greater surface area C) Angioedema
C) Less protein binding D) Drug idiosyncrasy
D) Decreased body water content Ans: C
nk
nk
E) Less cutaneous fat Feedback:
Ans: A, B, C, E Angioedema is a type of allergic drug reaction manifested by the collection of fluid in
Feedback: the subcutaneous tissues, most commonly affecting the eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat.
ba
ba
Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Allergic reactions can be manifested by a wide range of signs and symptoms such as
Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less itching, rashes, and hives. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction that requires
cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, immediate medical attention. Drug idiosyncrasy describes any unusual or abnormal
and immature hepatic and renal function. reaction to a drug, one that is different from the one normally expected.
st
st
.te
.te
17. The FDA established a safety information and adverse events reporting program called 20. Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education
MedWatch. Which individuals can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts Act (DSHEA)? Select all that apply.
on drugs, devices, or dietary supplements? Select all that apply. A) The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
A) Physicians B) The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
w
w
B) Nurses C) The act permits general health claims.
C) Patients D) The act permits curative health claims.
w
w
D) Pharmacists E) The act defines specific substances as “dietary supplements.”
E) Caregivers Ans: B, C, E
Ans: A, B, C, D, E Feedback:
w
Feedback:
Anyone can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on drugs, devices, or
w The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and
other natural substances as “dietary supplements” and permits general health claims as
dietary supplements. long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by
the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act
gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
Page 6 Page 7
