RNC-NIC Exam Questions with 100%
Correct Answers | Already Graded A+
What risks are present in infants born to mothers who receive no or little
prenatal care? - ✔✔LBW
premature birth
Maternal iron-deficiency anemia
Increased neonatal mortality
Describe the fetal response to mothers with diabetes - ✔✔Because glucose
crosses the placenta, the baby's BG increases as the mom's does. Insulin does
not cross the placenta and the fetal pancreas does not produce it until 20
weeks. So, before insulin production, the increased BG leads to restricted
growth. Once the insulin is produced, it produces rapidly to respond to the high
BG, and these high levels trigger rapid fetal growth—> hepatosplenomegaly,
cardiomegaly, increased head size
What is commonly seen in IDM immediately after birth? Why? -
✔✔Hypoglycemia
The sudden withdrawal from maternal glucose + continued production of insulin
1|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,What conditions does an IDM present with? - ✔✔Birth trauma r/t cephalopelvic
disproportion
Hypoglycemia
RDS because inc insulin inhibits surfactant production
Polycythemia & hyperviscosity bc inc insulin & BG inc metabolic rate and oxygen
consumption
Iron deficiency bc polycythemia leaches iron
Hyperbilirubinemia from inc rbc destruction
CV & congenital malformations
Electrolyte disturbances (low Ca and Mg)
What is pre-eclampsia? - ✔✔Inc BP, proteinuria, edema that occurs around 20
week's gestation
What's the initial tx for pre-eclampsia? - ✔✔Mag sulfate to prevent maternal sz
If severe—premature delivery
What complications occur to fetus with a mother suffering from pre-eclampsia?
Why? - ✔✔IUGR— longstanding HTN causes uteroplacental vascular
insufficiency which impairs transfer of nutrients and oxygen which causes IUGR
and inc mortality
2|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,What is the purpose of amniotic fluid and how is it produced? When? - ✔✔To
cushion fetus and allow normal development of lungs
Produced mainly by fetus' excretion of urine and fluids excreted by respiratory
tract & oral/nasal cavity
Around 20 week's
What is oligohydramnios? What conditions are associated with it? -
✔✔Decreased AF
UT anomalies like obstructive uropathy, renal agenesis, polycystic kidneys
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Pressure deformities
Compression of umbilical cord & hypoxia
Mecon staining (remember hypoxia causes release of mecon in utero)
Post-term gestation
Leaking AF, prolonged or premature ROM
What is polyhydramnios & what is it associated with? - ✔✔Increased AF
TEF, EA, duodenal atresia
Anencephaly
CNS abnormalities that impair swallow
3|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Twin-twin transfusion
Macrosomia
Fetal/neonatal hydrops & assoc CV rhythms
Trisomy 21, 18, 13
Skeletal malformations
Inc risk for prolapsed cord/placental abruption
What is the biochemical marker useful in predicting preterm birth? -
✔✔Fibronectins
What is the best indicator of fetal oxygenation status during labor as seen on
electric fetal monitoring? - ✔✔Variability
What are the five parts of the biophysical profile? - ✔✔Fetal tone, breathing,
movement; no stress test, amniotic fluid volume
When should one have a glucose screening during pregnancy if they're at low
risk for developing GD? - ✔✔24-28 weeks
When women give birth sitting upright, what shows lower values in cord blood?
- ✔✔PCO2
4|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
Correct Answers | Already Graded A+
What risks are present in infants born to mothers who receive no or little
prenatal care? - ✔✔LBW
premature birth
Maternal iron-deficiency anemia
Increased neonatal mortality
Describe the fetal response to mothers with diabetes - ✔✔Because glucose
crosses the placenta, the baby's BG increases as the mom's does. Insulin does
not cross the placenta and the fetal pancreas does not produce it until 20
weeks. So, before insulin production, the increased BG leads to restricted
growth. Once the insulin is produced, it produces rapidly to respond to the high
BG, and these high levels trigger rapid fetal growth—> hepatosplenomegaly,
cardiomegaly, increased head size
What is commonly seen in IDM immediately after birth? Why? -
✔✔Hypoglycemia
The sudden withdrawal from maternal glucose + continued production of insulin
1|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,What conditions does an IDM present with? - ✔✔Birth trauma r/t cephalopelvic
disproportion
Hypoglycemia
RDS because inc insulin inhibits surfactant production
Polycythemia & hyperviscosity bc inc insulin & BG inc metabolic rate and oxygen
consumption
Iron deficiency bc polycythemia leaches iron
Hyperbilirubinemia from inc rbc destruction
CV & congenital malformations
Electrolyte disturbances (low Ca and Mg)
What is pre-eclampsia? - ✔✔Inc BP, proteinuria, edema that occurs around 20
week's gestation
What's the initial tx for pre-eclampsia? - ✔✔Mag sulfate to prevent maternal sz
If severe—premature delivery
What complications occur to fetus with a mother suffering from pre-eclampsia?
Why? - ✔✔IUGR— longstanding HTN causes uteroplacental vascular
insufficiency which impairs transfer of nutrients and oxygen which causes IUGR
and inc mortality
2|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,What is the purpose of amniotic fluid and how is it produced? When? - ✔✔To
cushion fetus and allow normal development of lungs
Produced mainly by fetus' excretion of urine and fluids excreted by respiratory
tract & oral/nasal cavity
Around 20 week's
What is oligohydramnios? What conditions are associated with it? -
✔✔Decreased AF
UT anomalies like obstructive uropathy, renal agenesis, polycystic kidneys
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Pressure deformities
Compression of umbilical cord & hypoxia
Mecon staining (remember hypoxia causes release of mecon in utero)
Post-term gestation
Leaking AF, prolonged or premature ROM
What is polyhydramnios & what is it associated with? - ✔✔Increased AF
TEF, EA, duodenal atresia
Anencephaly
CNS abnormalities that impair swallow
3|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Twin-twin transfusion
Macrosomia
Fetal/neonatal hydrops & assoc CV rhythms
Trisomy 21, 18, 13
Skeletal malformations
Inc risk for prolapsed cord/placental abruption
What is the biochemical marker useful in predicting preterm birth? -
✔✔Fibronectins
What is the best indicator of fetal oxygenation status during labor as seen on
electric fetal monitoring? - ✔✔Variability
What are the five parts of the biophysical profile? - ✔✔Fetal tone, breathing,
movement; no stress test, amniotic fluid volume
When should one have a glucose screening during pregnancy if they're at low
risk for developing GD? - ✔✔24-28 weeks
When women give birth sitting upright, what shows lower values in cord blood?
- ✔✔PCO2
4|Page
©KERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
