University Questions and Answers
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Organization - ✔✔Group of people who work together to achieve some specific
purpose
Management - ✔✔Pursuit of organizational goals efficiently and effectively by
integrating work of people through, planning, organizing, and controlling the
organization's resources.
Efficient - ✔✔People, money, raw materials and like-wisely and cost- effectively.
Effective - ✔✔Achieve results, achieve organizations goals.
Planning - ✔✔You set goals and decide how to achieve them.
Organizing - ✔✔You arrange tasks, people and other resources to accomplish the work.
Controlling - ✔✔You monitor performance, compare it with goals and take corrective
action as needed.
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, Leading - ✔✔You motivate, direct and otherwise influence people to work hard to
achieve the organizations goals.
Competitive Advantage - ✔✔Ability of an organization to produce goods or services
more effectively than competitors do- outperforming them.
Managing for Competitive Advantage - ✔✔Being responsive to customers, innovation,
quality, efficiency.
Sustainability - ✔✔Economic development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Levels and Areas of Management - ✔✔Top managers, Middle managers, First- line
managers and Non-managerial personnel.
R&D, Marketing, Finance, Production and Human resources.
Top Managers - ✔✔Make long-term decisions about the overall direction of the
organization and establish the objectives, policies and strategies for it.
Middle managers - ✔✔Implement the policies and plans of the top managers above
them and supervise and coordinate the activities of the first-line managers below them.
"High touch" Jobs - ✔✔Dealing with people rather than computer screens or voice-
response systems.
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