Patho Chapter 26 Prep U explained
Cardiovascular Conditions and Symptoms
o Acute arterial embolism is characterized by the "seven Ps": sudden onset (like a
"pistol shot"), pallor (paleness), polar (coldness), pulselessness, pain, paresthesia
(numbness/tingling), and paralysis. Key signs include pallor, pulselessness, and
pain.
Blood Pressure Measurement
o A nurse should wait 30 minutes before taking blood pressure if the client recently
smoked a cigarette or consumed caffeine. Patients should be seated during the
measurement.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
o Impaired blood flow in the deep leg veins, often leading to secondary varicose
veins, is most commonly caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Other causes
may include congenital issues, arteriovenous fistulas, or pressure from pregnancy
or tumors.
Peripheral Vascular Disease and Exercise
o For clients with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication,
exercise is beneficial as it promotes blood vessel growth (angiogenesis), which
can improve blood flow and reduce pain.
Preeclampsia/Eclampsia
o Preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy are characterized by elevated blood
pressure (systolic above 140 mm Hg or diastolic above 90 mm Hg) and low
platelet counts (below 100,000/µL). Other signs can include elevated liver
enzymes, creatinine levels above 1.1 mg/dL, visual or cerebral disturbances,
edema, and proteinuria. A very specific example would be blood pressure of
160/100 mmHg and a platelet count of 25,000/µL.
Baroreceptors
Cardiovascular Conditions and Symptoms
o Acute arterial embolism is characterized by the "seven Ps": sudden onset (like a
"pistol shot"), pallor (paleness), polar (coldness), pulselessness, pain, paresthesia
(numbness/tingling), and paralysis. Key signs include pallor, pulselessness, and
pain.
Blood Pressure Measurement
o A nurse should wait 30 minutes before taking blood pressure if the client recently
smoked a cigarette or consumed caffeine. Patients should be seated during the
measurement.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
o Impaired blood flow in the deep leg veins, often leading to secondary varicose
veins, is most commonly caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Other causes
may include congenital issues, arteriovenous fistulas, or pressure from pregnancy
or tumors.
Peripheral Vascular Disease and Exercise
o For clients with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication,
exercise is beneficial as it promotes blood vessel growth (angiogenesis), which
can improve blood flow and reduce pain.
Preeclampsia/Eclampsia
o Preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy are characterized by elevated blood
pressure (systolic above 140 mm Hg or diastolic above 90 mm Hg) and low
platelet counts (below 100,000/µL). Other signs can include elevated liver
enzymes, creatinine levels above 1.1 mg/dL, visual or cerebral disturbances,
edema, and proteinuria. A very specific example would be blood pressure of
160/100 mmHg and a platelet count of 25,000/µL.
Baroreceptors
