Smartbook 7:
- Gametes are haploid. Haploid means that the cells contain how many sets of
chromosomes? One
- The chromatin in eukaryotic chromosomes is composed of a complex of DNA
and protein
- A typical human chromosome contains about how many nucleotides in its DNA?
140 million
- Heterochromatin is not genetically expressed while Euchromatin is
- DNA contained within a eukaryotic nucleus resembles which of the following?
Beads on a string
- Cells, such as gametes, that contain one set of chromosomes are called Haploid
cells.
- The "beads" on eukaryotic chromosome are composed of DNA coiled around a
core of Histone proteins
- Which of the five histones is not part of the histone core particle? H1
- An unreplicated chromosome contains which of the following? A single DNA
molecule
- In a pair of homologous chromosomes, one of the chromosomes comes from the
paternal parent and the other from the maternal parent of an individual.
Therefore, homologous chromosomes are slightly different. Sister chromatids are
two identical copies of a single chromosome, formed during DNA replication.
- Which of the following is a key issue in the cell cycle? Chromosomes must be
properly replicated and sorted to new daughter cells.
- To achieve DNA compaction, DNA molecules are coiled around 8 proteins
- The DNA between two nucleosomes, typically 20-80 bp in length is called the
Linker DNA
- What is a sequence of growth, replication, and division that produces new
eukaryotic cells called? Cell cycle
- What usually occurs during the G1 phase? Cell growth
- During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes replicated? S phase
- Histone proteins are +
,- Choose all of the following that must occur during a eukaryotic cell cycle.
Genome replication, Genome Segregation, Division of cell contents
- Mitosis is a continuous process
- Mitosis happens as a continuum of phases that occur in the following order:
prophase, Prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
- Chromosomes continue to condense throughout the prophase stage of mitosis
- During the S phase of the cell cycle, chromosomes are replicated
- During prometaphase, which protein complex on each sister chromatid attaches
to the spindle? Kinetochore
- The pairs of sister chromatids align themselves in a single row along a plane
half-way between the poles during which of the following phases of mitosis?
Metaphase
- Which of the following is the shortest stage of mitosis? Anaphase
- Condensation of chromosomes continues throughout which of the following
phases? Prophase
- The Spindle apparatus is broken down during telophase.
- Choose the two irreversible points of the cell cycle. Replication of genetic
material + separation of sister chromatids
- What "decision" does a cell have to make at the G1/S checkpoint of the cell
cycle? Whether or not to divide
- Cells that leave a tumor and spread to other areas of the body are called
metastases
- Oncogenes are genes that induce cells to become cancer cells
- Select all of the following that are components of a nucleotide. Phosphate group,
sugar, a nitrogenous base
- The disease caused by an uncontrolled cell cycle is called cancer
- Chargaff's experiments showed that the amount of adenine in a DNA sample was
always the same as the amount of Thymine
- DNA's phosphodiester backbone is composed of sugars and phosphates
- The enzyme Helicas uses ATP to unwind the DNA template.
- Leading strand is synthesized continuously and lagging strand is synthesized in
, small fragments that are later connected
- DNA ligase is the enzyme that joins two adjacent Okazaki fragments during the
synthesis of the lagging DNA strand.
- During the synthesis of the lagging DNA strand, Okazaki fragments are joined by
the enzyme DNA ligase
- Chargaff's rule indicates that the amount of A in a sample is equal to the amount
of T and the same is true for C and G
- Why do eukaryotic cells have multiple origins of replication? To ensure timely
replication of multiple large chromosomes
- How are the origins of replication adjusted in eukaryotic cells, so that early in the
embryonic development of eukaryotic organisms DNA can be replicated faster?
Cells can increase the number of origins used in early development
- Which of these are involved in the unwinding of DNA? Topoisomerase, Single-
strand binding proteins, Helicase
- The function of telomeres is to protect the ends of chromosomes
- Which types of cells have more than one origin of replication? Eukaryotes
- Which origins of replication are more sequence-specific? oriC (such as found in
bacteria)
- Which of the following is a region at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes?
Telomere
Lecture 17 → Chapter 10, Cell cycle, Mitosis, Cancer
- 2 types of cell division in the sexual life cycle; Both undergo cell cycel
- Mitosis = cell division; growth and repair; Identical copies
- Start as single cell zygote then they duplicate into two to create
growth
- It takes 20 cell cycles for a single zygote to yield 1 million cells and
1 billion at 30 cell cycles and about 45 cell cycles to yield 35 trillion
cells
- Gametes are haploid. Haploid means that the cells contain how many sets of
chromosomes? One
- The chromatin in eukaryotic chromosomes is composed of a complex of DNA
and protein
- A typical human chromosome contains about how many nucleotides in its DNA?
140 million
- Heterochromatin is not genetically expressed while Euchromatin is
- DNA contained within a eukaryotic nucleus resembles which of the following?
Beads on a string
- Cells, such as gametes, that contain one set of chromosomes are called Haploid
cells.
- The "beads" on eukaryotic chromosome are composed of DNA coiled around a
core of Histone proteins
- Which of the five histones is not part of the histone core particle? H1
- An unreplicated chromosome contains which of the following? A single DNA
molecule
- In a pair of homologous chromosomes, one of the chromosomes comes from the
paternal parent and the other from the maternal parent of an individual.
Therefore, homologous chromosomes are slightly different. Sister chromatids are
two identical copies of a single chromosome, formed during DNA replication.
- Which of the following is a key issue in the cell cycle? Chromosomes must be
properly replicated and sorted to new daughter cells.
- To achieve DNA compaction, DNA molecules are coiled around 8 proteins
- The DNA between two nucleosomes, typically 20-80 bp in length is called the
Linker DNA
- What is a sequence of growth, replication, and division that produces new
eukaryotic cells called? Cell cycle
- What usually occurs during the G1 phase? Cell growth
- During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes replicated? S phase
- Histone proteins are +
,- Choose all of the following that must occur during a eukaryotic cell cycle.
Genome replication, Genome Segregation, Division of cell contents
- Mitosis is a continuous process
- Mitosis happens as a continuum of phases that occur in the following order:
prophase, Prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
- Chromosomes continue to condense throughout the prophase stage of mitosis
- During the S phase of the cell cycle, chromosomes are replicated
- During prometaphase, which protein complex on each sister chromatid attaches
to the spindle? Kinetochore
- The pairs of sister chromatids align themselves in a single row along a plane
half-way between the poles during which of the following phases of mitosis?
Metaphase
- Which of the following is the shortest stage of mitosis? Anaphase
- Condensation of chromosomes continues throughout which of the following
phases? Prophase
- The Spindle apparatus is broken down during telophase.
- Choose the two irreversible points of the cell cycle. Replication of genetic
material + separation of sister chromatids
- What "decision" does a cell have to make at the G1/S checkpoint of the cell
cycle? Whether or not to divide
- Cells that leave a tumor and spread to other areas of the body are called
metastases
- Oncogenes are genes that induce cells to become cancer cells
- Select all of the following that are components of a nucleotide. Phosphate group,
sugar, a nitrogenous base
- The disease caused by an uncontrolled cell cycle is called cancer
- Chargaff's experiments showed that the amount of adenine in a DNA sample was
always the same as the amount of Thymine
- DNA's phosphodiester backbone is composed of sugars and phosphates
- The enzyme Helicas uses ATP to unwind the DNA template.
- Leading strand is synthesized continuously and lagging strand is synthesized in
, small fragments that are later connected
- DNA ligase is the enzyme that joins two adjacent Okazaki fragments during the
synthesis of the lagging DNA strand.
- During the synthesis of the lagging DNA strand, Okazaki fragments are joined by
the enzyme DNA ligase
- Chargaff's rule indicates that the amount of A in a sample is equal to the amount
of T and the same is true for C and G
- Why do eukaryotic cells have multiple origins of replication? To ensure timely
replication of multiple large chromosomes
- How are the origins of replication adjusted in eukaryotic cells, so that early in the
embryonic development of eukaryotic organisms DNA can be replicated faster?
Cells can increase the number of origins used in early development
- Which of these are involved in the unwinding of DNA? Topoisomerase, Single-
strand binding proteins, Helicase
- The function of telomeres is to protect the ends of chromosomes
- Which types of cells have more than one origin of replication? Eukaryotes
- Which origins of replication are more sequence-specific? oriC (such as found in
bacteria)
- Which of the following is a region at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes?
Telomere
Lecture 17 → Chapter 10, Cell cycle, Mitosis, Cancer
- 2 types of cell division in the sexual life cycle; Both undergo cell cycel
- Mitosis = cell division; growth and repair; Identical copies
- Start as single cell zygote then they duplicate into two to create
growth
- It takes 20 cell cycles for a single zygote to yield 1 million cells and
1 billion at 30 cell cycles and about 45 cell cycles to yield 35 trillion
cells
