1. What is 'utilitarianism'?
A. A theory that emphasizes duty over consequences
B. A belief in the inherent rights of individuals
C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the majority
D. A focus on personal virtue and character
Answer: C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the
majority
Rationale: Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that posits the best
action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.
2. What is 'dualism' in the context of philosophy of mind?
A. The belief that reality is purely physical
B. The idea that mind and body are distinct substances
C. The theory that only the mind exists
D. The notion that reality is an illusion
Answer: B. The idea that mind and body are distinct substances
Rationale: Dualism posits that the mind and body are
fundamentally different in nature, often attributed to René
Descartes.
,3. What does 'existentialism' primarily focus on?
A. The search for universal truths
B. The nature of human existence and individual freedom
C. The study of divine beings
D. The logical structure of arguments
Answer: B. The nature of human existence and individual freedom
Rationale: Existentialism explores themes such as freedom,
choice, and the search for meaning in human life, often
emphasizing individual responsibility.
4. What is the 'Socratic method'?
A. A form of teaching by giving direct answers
B. A method of teaching through questioning
C. A style of writing philosophical texts
D. A way of conducting experiments
Answer: B. A method of teaching through questioning
Rationale: The Socratic method involves teaching by asking a
series of questions, encouraging critical thinking and illuminating
ideas.
5. What is 'ethics' the study of?
A. Beauty and taste
, B. Knowledge and belief
C. Morality and moral principles
D. Logic and reasoning
Answer: C. Morality and moral principles
Rationale: Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with
questions of morality, including concepts of right and wrong
behavior.
6. Who introduced the concept of the 'categorical imperative'?
A. David Hume
B. Immanuel Kant
C. Aristotle
D. John Stuart Mill
Answer: B. Immanuel Kant
Rationale: Kant’s categorical imperative serves as a foundational
principle for ethical decision-making, stating that one should act
according to maxims that can be universalized.
7. Which philosopher is known for the statement, "I think,
therefore I am"?
A. Immanuel Kant
B. René Descartes
C. John Locke
A. A theory that emphasizes duty over consequences
B. A belief in the inherent rights of individuals
C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the majority
D. A focus on personal virtue and character
Answer: C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the
majority
Rationale: Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that posits the best
action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.
2. What is 'dualism' in the context of philosophy of mind?
A. The belief that reality is purely physical
B. The idea that mind and body are distinct substances
C. The theory that only the mind exists
D. The notion that reality is an illusion
Answer: B. The idea that mind and body are distinct substances
Rationale: Dualism posits that the mind and body are
fundamentally different in nature, often attributed to René
Descartes.
,3. What does 'existentialism' primarily focus on?
A. The search for universal truths
B. The nature of human existence and individual freedom
C. The study of divine beings
D. The logical structure of arguments
Answer: B. The nature of human existence and individual freedom
Rationale: Existentialism explores themes such as freedom,
choice, and the search for meaning in human life, often
emphasizing individual responsibility.
4. What is the 'Socratic method'?
A. A form of teaching by giving direct answers
B. A method of teaching through questioning
C. A style of writing philosophical texts
D. A way of conducting experiments
Answer: B. A method of teaching through questioning
Rationale: The Socratic method involves teaching by asking a
series of questions, encouraging critical thinking and illuminating
ideas.
5. What is 'ethics' the study of?
A. Beauty and taste
, B. Knowledge and belief
C. Morality and moral principles
D. Logic and reasoning
Answer: C. Morality and moral principles
Rationale: Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with
questions of morality, including concepts of right and wrong
behavior.
6. Who introduced the concept of the 'categorical imperative'?
A. David Hume
B. Immanuel Kant
C. Aristotle
D. John Stuart Mill
Answer: B. Immanuel Kant
Rationale: Kant’s categorical imperative serves as a foundational
principle for ethical decision-making, stating that one should act
according to maxims that can be universalized.
7. Which philosopher is known for the statement, "I think,
therefore I am"?
A. Immanuel Kant
B. René Descartes
C. John Locke
