1. Which of the following is an example of an appeal to authority
fallacy?
A. Believing a claim because an expert supports it, without examining
the evidence.
B. Disagreeing with a claim because it contradicts one's personal
experience.
C. Citing multiple studies to back up an argument.
D. Arguing that something is true because everyone agrees with it.
Answer: A) Believing a claim because an expert supports it, without
examining the evidence.
Rationale: An appeal to authority fallacy occurs when someone accepts
a claim solely because it is supported by an authority figure, without
critically evaluating the evidence.
2. Which of the following represents a hasty generalization fallacy?
A. My two friends love the new movie, so everyone must love it.
B. The law of gravity has been tested countless times.
C. The experiment has been conducted many times under varying
conditions.
D. Many people agree that the new policy is effective.
Answer: A) My two friends love the new movie, so everyone must love
it.
,Rationale: A hasty generalization involves drawing a broad conclusion
based on a small or unrepresentative sample.
3. What does the term "paradox" refer to in critical thinking?
A. A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper truth.
B. A statement that is always true under all circumstances.
C. An argument that is completely illogical.
D. A reasoned explanation that leads to a clear conclusion.
Answer: A) A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper
truth.
Rationale: A paradox often presents a contradiction that challenges
conventional thinking, sometimes revealing unexpected insights.
4. Which of the following is an example of a false dilemma fallacy?
A. You’re either with us or against us.
B. The best solution is the one that involves the least change.
C. No one has proved that this theory is false.
D. If you don’t support this law, you are supporting corruption.
Answer: A) You’re either with us or against us.
Rationale: A false dilemma fallacy presents a situation as having only
two extreme options, ignoring other possible alternatives.
, 5. In evaluating an argument, which of the following is an example of a
strong premise?
A. “Because I said so.”
B. “Studies have shown that exercise improves mental health.”
C. “It’s always been this way.”
D. “Everyone knows it’s true.”
Answer: B) “Studies have shown that exercise improves mental health.”
Rationale: A strong premise is one that is supported by evidence or
reliable sources. The example citing studies is based on research and
thus provides a solid foundation.
6. Which of the following best describes a "well-supported argument"?
A. It is based on subjective opinion and personal belief.
B. It includes credible evidence and reasoning to justify its claims.
C. It relies on emotional appeals to persuade the audience.
D. It includes vague statements and generalizations.
Answer: B) It includes credible evidence and reasoning to justify its
claims.
Rationale: A well-supported argument is one that is backed by reliable
evidence and logical reasoning, making it strong and convincing.
7. Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope fallacy?
fallacy?
A. Believing a claim because an expert supports it, without examining
the evidence.
B. Disagreeing with a claim because it contradicts one's personal
experience.
C. Citing multiple studies to back up an argument.
D. Arguing that something is true because everyone agrees with it.
Answer: A) Believing a claim because an expert supports it, without
examining the evidence.
Rationale: An appeal to authority fallacy occurs when someone accepts
a claim solely because it is supported by an authority figure, without
critically evaluating the evidence.
2. Which of the following represents a hasty generalization fallacy?
A. My two friends love the new movie, so everyone must love it.
B. The law of gravity has been tested countless times.
C. The experiment has been conducted many times under varying
conditions.
D. Many people agree that the new policy is effective.
Answer: A) My two friends love the new movie, so everyone must love
it.
,Rationale: A hasty generalization involves drawing a broad conclusion
based on a small or unrepresentative sample.
3. What does the term "paradox" refer to in critical thinking?
A. A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper truth.
B. A statement that is always true under all circumstances.
C. An argument that is completely illogical.
D. A reasoned explanation that leads to a clear conclusion.
Answer: A) A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper
truth.
Rationale: A paradox often presents a contradiction that challenges
conventional thinking, sometimes revealing unexpected insights.
4. Which of the following is an example of a false dilemma fallacy?
A. You’re either with us or against us.
B. The best solution is the one that involves the least change.
C. No one has proved that this theory is false.
D. If you don’t support this law, you are supporting corruption.
Answer: A) You’re either with us or against us.
Rationale: A false dilemma fallacy presents a situation as having only
two extreme options, ignoring other possible alternatives.
, 5. In evaluating an argument, which of the following is an example of a
strong premise?
A. “Because I said so.”
B. “Studies have shown that exercise improves mental health.”
C. “It’s always been this way.”
D. “Everyone knows it’s true.”
Answer: B) “Studies have shown that exercise improves mental health.”
Rationale: A strong premise is one that is supported by evidence or
reliable sources. The example citing studies is based on research and
thus provides a solid foundation.
6. Which of the following best describes a "well-supported argument"?
A. It is based on subjective opinion and personal belief.
B. It includes credible evidence and reasoning to justify its claims.
C. It relies on emotional appeals to persuade the audience.
D. It includes vague statements and generalizations.
Answer: B) It includes credible evidence and reasoning to justify its
claims.
Rationale: A well-supported argument is one that is backed by reliable
evidence and logical reasoning, making it strong and convincing.
7. Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope fallacy?
