OB Nursing Exam 1
Abortion - ANS-spontaneous or non-compulsory termination of pregnancy before the twentieth
week of gestation based at the date of LMP; spontaneous form is often called miscarriage
Acculturation - ANS-method via which humans adapt to a new cultural norm
Amenorrhea - ANS-absence of menstruation; viable signal of pregnancy
Antepartum - ANS-time between idea and onset of hard work, used interchangeably with
prenatal
Assimilation - ANS-when a group completely modifications their cultural identity to turn out to be
a part of the general public culture
Ballottement - ANS-rebounding of the fetus against the examiner's finger on palpation; whilst the
examiner taps the cervix, the fetus floats upward in the amniotic fluid
Braxton Hicks - ANS-abnormal, generally mild uterine contractions that arise for the duration of
pregnancy and come to be more potent inside the remaining trimester
Breast Changes - ANS-↑length
heaviness
tingling
fullness
darkening of areola
colostrum discharge
striae viable
distinguished blue veins
Cardiovascular Changes - ANS-↑blood extent (40-50% by means of 32wks)
↑HR
↑cardiac palpitations
<3 enlargement
systolic murmurs
pseudoanemia
supine hypotension
↓BP in second trimester
↓regional blood flow = edema/varicosities
Chadwick's Sign - ANS-probable sign of pregnancy in which the cervix and vulva appear
blue-purple as a result of increased vascularization
Chloasma - ANS-"mask of pregnancy"; an irregular darkening of the cheeks, forehead, and
nose; changes are often more obvious in women with darker hair and skin and may be
worsened by sun exposure; generally disappears or fades significantly soon after pregnancy
Colostrum - ANS-clear, yellowish, high-protein, antibody-rich liquid secreted by the breasts
beginning in the fourth month of pregnancy and continuing until several days after birth
Culture - ANS-beliefs, values, attitudes, and practices that are accepted by a population, a
community, or an individual; learned
Enculturation - ANS-when culture is passed on from generation to generation
, Endocrine Changes - ANS-↑thyroid = ↑basal metabolic rate
↑parathyroid = calcium/vitamin D for fetus
↑insulin requirements
Pituitary enlargement by 9th month
Estrogen - ANS-secreted by corpus luteum until placenta takes over; stimulates uterine
development; helps stimulate hormone production in the fetus's adrenal gland and stimulates
growth of the adrenal gland; enables uterine response to oxytocin; milk duct development for
lactation
Ethnicity - ANS-social identity that is associated with shared behaviors and patterns
First Trimester Discomforts - ANS-n/v
morning sickness
fatigue
urinary frequency
breast tenderness
excessive salivation/ptyalism
Gestation - ANS-period of intrauterine development from conception through birth; pregnancy
Gestational Age - ANS-number of completed weeks of fetal development, calculated from the
first day of the LMP
GI Changes - ANS-gingivitis
↑salivation-hyperpytalism (estrogen)
n/v-(hCG, progesterone)
↓tone and motility of smooth muscle
hemorrhoids
constipation
flatulence
↓emptying of gallbladder
appendix pushed superiorly
Goodell's Sign - ANS-a probable indication of pregnancy in which the cervix and vagina soften;
caused by increased vascularization as a result of hypertrophy and engorgement of the vessels
below the growing uterus
Gravida - ANS-a pregnant woman; followed by a number indicates the number of pregnancies,
including the current one, regardless of outcome
hCG - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone - ANS-key hormone of pregnancy, produced in
placental blastocyt cells and placenta, stimulates progesterone and estrogen production by the
corpus luteum to promote survival and growth and maintain early pregnancy
Hegar's Sign - ANS-softening of the lower uterine segment, classified as a probable sign of
pregnancy, may be present during the 2nd and 3rd months of pregnancy and is palpated during
bimanual examination
Hematologic Changes - ANS-↑RBC
↑WBC
hypercoagulable state increases risk for venous thrombosis
hPL - Human Placental Lactogen - ANS-insulin antagonist; causes changes in maternal
metabolism; causes decreased insulin sensitivity and utilization of glucose by mother to favor
fetal growth; produced by syncytiotrophoblast
Abortion - ANS-spontaneous or non-compulsory termination of pregnancy before the twentieth
week of gestation based at the date of LMP; spontaneous form is often called miscarriage
Acculturation - ANS-method via which humans adapt to a new cultural norm
Amenorrhea - ANS-absence of menstruation; viable signal of pregnancy
Antepartum - ANS-time between idea and onset of hard work, used interchangeably with
prenatal
Assimilation - ANS-when a group completely modifications their cultural identity to turn out to be
a part of the general public culture
Ballottement - ANS-rebounding of the fetus against the examiner's finger on palpation; whilst the
examiner taps the cervix, the fetus floats upward in the amniotic fluid
Braxton Hicks - ANS-abnormal, generally mild uterine contractions that arise for the duration of
pregnancy and come to be more potent inside the remaining trimester
Breast Changes - ANS-↑length
heaviness
tingling
fullness
darkening of areola
colostrum discharge
striae viable
distinguished blue veins
Cardiovascular Changes - ANS-↑blood extent (40-50% by means of 32wks)
↑HR
↑cardiac palpitations
<3 enlargement
systolic murmurs
pseudoanemia
supine hypotension
↓BP in second trimester
↓regional blood flow = edema/varicosities
Chadwick's Sign - ANS-probable sign of pregnancy in which the cervix and vulva appear
blue-purple as a result of increased vascularization
Chloasma - ANS-"mask of pregnancy"; an irregular darkening of the cheeks, forehead, and
nose; changes are often more obvious in women with darker hair and skin and may be
worsened by sun exposure; generally disappears or fades significantly soon after pregnancy
Colostrum - ANS-clear, yellowish, high-protein, antibody-rich liquid secreted by the breasts
beginning in the fourth month of pregnancy and continuing until several days after birth
Culture - ANS-beliefs, values, attitudes, and practices that are accepted by a population, a
community, or an individual; learned
Enculturation - ANS-when culture is passed on from generation to generation
, Endocrine Changes - ANS-↑thyroid = ↑basal metabolic rate
↑parathyroid = calcium/vitamin D for fetus
↑insulin requirements
Pituitary enlargement by 9th month
Estrogen - ANS-secreted by corpus luteum until placenta takes over; stimulates uterine
development; helps stimulate hormone production in the fetus's adrenal gland and stimulates
growth of the adrenal gland; enables uterine response to oxytocin; milk duct development for
lactation
Ethnicity - ANS-social identity that is associated with shared behaviors and patterns
First Trimester Discomforts - ANS-n/v
morning sickness
fatigue
urinary frequency
breast tenderness
excessive salivation/ptyalism
Gestation - ANS-period of intrauterine development from conception through birth; pregnancy
Gestational Age - ANS-number of completed weeks of fetal development, calculated from the
first day of the LMP
GI Changes - ANS-gingivitis
↑salivation-hyperpytalism (estrogen)
n/v-(hCG, progesterone)
↓tone and motility of smooth muscle
hemorrhoids
constipation
flatulence
↓emptying of gallbladder
appendix pushed superiorly
Goodell's Sign - ANS-a probable indication of pregnancy in which the cervix and vagina soften;
caused by increased vascularization as a result of hypertrophy and engorgement of the vessels
below the growing uterus
Gravida - ANS-a pregnant woman; followed by a number indicates the number of pregnancies,
including the current one, regardless of outcome
hCG - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone - ANS-key hormone of pregnancy, produced in
placental blastocyt cells and placenta, stimulates progesterone and estrogen production by the
corpus luteum to promote survival and growth and maintain early pregnancy
Hegar's Sign - ANS-softening of the lower uterine segment, classified as a probable sign of
pregnancy, may be present during the 2nd and 3rd months of pregnancy and is palpated during
bimanual examination
Hematologic Changes - ANS-↑RBC
↑WBC
hypercoagulable state increases risk for venous thrombosis
hPL - Human Placental Lactogen - ANS-insulin antagonist; causes changes in maternal
metabolism; causes decreased insulin sensitivity and utilization of glucose by mother to favor
fetal growth; produced by syncytiotrophoblast
