SLP 641 Exam 1 Study GuidE with anSwErS
100% CorrECt
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): When English learners are showing evidence of final consonant
deletion and stopping of fricatives, and then they are exposed to English for three years, what tends to
happen according to G&M? ✔✔ the presence of these phonological patters had reduced to 5% or less of
all consonants produced
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): Why would a Spanish L-1 speaker pronounce the word
"stop"/stap/ as /3stap/? ✔✔ initial consonant clusters are typically preceded with a vowel
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): Why should articulation/phonological assessment be done in
both languages for a bilingual speaker referred to us for concerns about pronunciation, etc? ✔✔ to
understand asymmetry
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Consistent vs Inconsistent
phonological processes ✔✔ consistent: applying to 100% of opportunities
inconsistent: applying less often
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Suppression of phonological
processes ✔✔ when a child applies a PP with relatively low consistency, say 20% of all opportunities
-contributing to development of more intelligible speech
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Normal phonological development
and the presence of various phonological processes ✔✔ exhibit many different PP while learning to talk
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: How intelligible or understandable
are two-year-olds to strangers? ✔✔ 50%
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: How intelligible or understandable
are three-year-olds to strangers? ✔✔ 75%
, Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Which three phonological processes
tend to persist in four-year-olds? (hint: they affect /ʃ/, /ð/, and /r/) ✔✔ palatal fronting (sh)
stopping of voiced th
gliding of liquids and vocalization (r)
A 2-year-old child provided the following data during an evaluation/assessment session:
/mæn/ --> [mæ̃ ː]
/boot/ --> [buː]
/cape/ --> [keː]
What phonological process is this 2-year-old child exhibiting and when should it be suppressed by? ✔✔
Final consonant deletion
suppressed by 3;3
What is the Stimulability approach (MW 2020)? Briefly describe it, including its target populations and
basic methods. ✔✔ briefly describe:
stimulability is the correct imitation of errored sounds with cues
client works on speech sounds in isolation, ex. "say /b/"
target pop:
2-4 year olds, and
kids who have a small phonetic inventory (no fricatives-- lose like 10 sounds
basic methods:
-directly target non-stimulable sounds
-associate speech sounds with hand/body motions
-recast
-verbal encouragement
-can use cards
100% CorrECt
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): When English learners are showing evidence of final consonant
deletion and stopping of fricatives, and then they are exposed to English for three years, what tends to
happen according to G&M? ✔✔ the presence of these phonological patters had reduced to 5% or less of
all consonants produced
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): Why would a Spanish L-1 speaker pronounce the word
"stop"/stap/ as /3stap/? ✔✔ initial consonant clusters are typically preceded with a vowel
Prevention and Screening for SSD (W1): Why should articulation/phonological assessment be done in
both languages for a bilingual speaker referred to us for concerns about pronunciation, etc? ✔✔ to
understand asymmetry
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Consistent vs Inconsistent
phonological processes ✔✔ consistent: applying to 100% of opportunities
inconsistent: applying less often
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Suppression of phonological
processes ✔✔ when a child applies a PP with relatively low consistency, say 20% of all opportunities
-contributing to development of more intelligible speech
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Normal phonological development
and the presence of various phonological processes ✔✔ exhibit many different PP while learning to talk
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: How intelligible or understandable
are two-year-olds to strangers? ✔✔ 50%
Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: How intelligible or understandable
are three-year-olds to strangers? ✔✔ 75%
, Define the following terms as they apply to phonological processes: Which three phonological processes
tend to persist in four-year-olds? (hint: they affect /ʃ/, /ð/, and /r/) ✔✔ palatal fronting (sh)
stopping of voiced th
gliding of liquids and vocalization (r)
A 2-year-old child provided the following data during an evaluation/assessment session:
/mæn/ --> [mæ̃ ː]
/boot/ --> [buː]
/cape/ --> [keː]
What phonological process is this 2-year-old child exhibiting and when should it be suppressed by? ✔✔
Final consonant deletion
suppressed by 3;3
What is the Stimulability approach (MW 2020)? Briefly describe it, including its target populations and
basic methods. ✔✔ briefly describe:
stimulability is the correct imitation of errored sounds with cues
client works on speech sounds in isolation, ex. "say /b/"
target pop:
2-4 year olds, and
kids who have a small phonetic inventory (no fricatives-- lose like 10 sounds
basic methods:
-directly target non-stimulable sounds
-associate speech sounds with hand/body motions
-recast
-verbal encouragement
-can use cards
