HS210 Exam Study Guide Questions/Answer Graded A+
2025/2026
henry's law states that solubility of a gas ________ as ________ of the gas increases. -
increases, partial pressure
the process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is known as ________
and will decrease upon _________ nervous system activation. - pulmonary ventilation,
parasympathetic
Sharna has been having difficulty breathing for the past month. Her primary care
physician ran a test and determined that her __________ cells have been attacked and
completely destroyed in one lung. That lung is now more susceptible to collapse due to
her reduced surfactant levels, and she will likely continue to notice direct difficulty in
________. - type II alveolar, respiration
an obstruction in the airway resulting in decreased ventilation and decreased levels of
available oxygen, should cause which of the following changes? - pulmonary arteriole
vasoconstriction
Timothy has been having difficulty breathing since he had pneumonia last month.
Recently he had severe pain in his chest and back, and his breathing was extremely
irregular. The doctor at the emergency room told him that one of the lobes of his lung
had collapsed. Which of the following pressure scenarios would best explain how part of
his lung collapsed? - Patm > Ppul < Pip
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve image (to the right) which of the
following would cause the curve to shift right - an acidic internal environment
consider the tidal volume (pictured below)
which of the following images best represents physiologically plausible curves for
pressure changes of intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures matching the given tidal
volume. - C (two waves going negative then positive)
Consider a pleural effusion (a buildup of excess fluid in the pleural space between the
lung and the chest wall). Which of the following choices best describes the tidal volume
and pressures of the lung with the pleural effusion? - Decreased tidal volume and
decreased transpulmonary pressure
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve displayed, which point best
represents the Haldane Effect or oxygen loading at the alveoli - point D
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve displayed, which point best
represents the O2-Hb relationship during strenuous exercise - Point A
, the correct anatomical flow or urine is as follows - renal pyramid, minor calyx, major
calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra
__________ cells release renin which ultimately leads to increased ____________ -
Juxtaglomerular (JG) or granular cells, glomerular filtration
Which of the following answers supports filtration but not selective filtration in the renal
corpuscle - afferent arteriole blood pressure
Patm = Ppul - no change (ventilation)
decreased lung compliance - decrease (ventilation)
sympathetic activation of bronchiole smooth muscles - increase (ventilation)
pulmonary arteriole vasodilation - increase (ventilation)
increase flexibility of the thorax - increase (ventilation)
same volume but decreased surface area in the alveolar sacs - no change (ventilation)
accumulation of the scar tissue (fibrosis) replacing lung tissue - decrease (ventilation)
paralysis of external intercostal muscles - increase (ventilation)
macula densa cells sense a decrease in NaCl filtrate content - increase (glomerular
filtration)
renal efferent arterioles vasodilate - increase (glomerular filtration)
the visceral layer of the renal corpuscle is composed of all simple squamous cells rather
than podocytes - decrease (glomerular filtration)
a significant increase in the concentration of proteins in the capsular space surrounding
the glomerulus - increase (glomerular filtration)
an increase in length of the renal tubes - no change (glomerular filtration)
decreased systemic blood pressure - decrease (glomerular filtration)
increased activity of the peritubular capillaries - no change (glomerular filtration)
if the carbonic anhydrase is absent from red blood cells, there is on other way to
transport carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lungs - false
2025/2026
henry's law states that solubility of a gas ________ as ________ of the gas increases. -
increases, partial pressure
the process of respiration that moves air into and out of the lungs is known as ________
and will decrease upon _________ nervous system activation. - pulmonary ventilation,
parasympathetic
Sharna has been having difficulty breathing for the past month. Her primary care
physician ran a test and determined that her __________ cells have been attacked and
completely destroyed in one lung. That lung is now more susceptible to collapse due to
her reduced surfactant levels, and she will likely continue to notice direct difficulty in
________. - type II alveolar, respiration
an obstruction in the airway resulting in decreased ventilation and decreased levels of
available oxygen, should cause which of the following changes? - pulmonary arteriole
vasoconstriction
Timothy has been having difficulty breathing since he had pneumonia last month.
Recently he had severe pain in his chest and back, and his breathing was extremely
irregular. The doctor at the emergency room told him that one of the lobes of his lung
had collapsed. Which of the following pressure scenarios would best explain how part of
his lung collapsed? - Patm > Ppul < Pip
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve image (to the right) which of the
following would cause the curve to shift right - an acidic internal environment
consider the tidal volume (pictured below)
which of the following images best represents physiologically plausible curves for
pressure changes of intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures matching the given tidal
volume. - C (two waves going negative then positive)
Consider a pleural effusion (a buildup of excess fluid in the pleural space between the
lung and the chest wall). Which of the following choices best describes the tidal volume
and pressures of the lung with the pleural effusion? - Decreased tidal volume and
decreased transpulmonary pressure
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve displayed, which point best
represents the Haldane Effect or oxygen loading at the alveoli - point D
based on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve displayed, which point best
represents the O2-Hb relationship during strenuous exercise - Point A
, the correct anatomical flow or urine is as follows - renal pyramid, minor calyx, major
calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra
__________ cells release renin which ultimately leads to increased ____________ -
Juxtaglomerular (JG) or granular cells, glomerular filtration
Which of the following answers supports filtration but not selective filtration in the renal
corpuscle - afferent arteriole blood pressure
Patm = Ppul - no change (ventilation)
decreased lung compliance - decrease (ventilation)
sympathetic activation of bronchiole smooth muscles - increase (ventilation)
pulmonary arteriole vasodilation - increase (ventilation)
increase flexibility of the thorax - increase (ventilation)
same volume but decreased surface area in the alveolar sacs - no change (ventilation)
accumulation of the scar tissue (fibrosis) replacing lung tissue - decrease (ventilation)
paralysis of external intercostal muscles - increase (ventilation)
macula densa cells sense a decrease in NaCl filtrate content - increase (glomerular
filtration)
renal efferent arterioles vasodilate - increase (glomerular filtration)
the visceral layer of the renal corpuscle is composed of all simple squamous cells rather
than podocytes - decrease (glomerular filtration)
a significant increase in the concentration of proteins in the capsular space surrounding
the glomerulus - increase (glomerular filtration)
an increase in length of the renal tubes - no change (glomerular filtration)
decreased systemic blood pressure - decrease (glomerular filtration)
increased activity of the peritubular capillaries - no change (glomerular filtration)
if the carbonic anhydrase is absent from red blood cells, there is on other way to
transport carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lungs - false
