N138 Midterm Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
Acute illness Correct Answers Characterized by severe
symptoms that are relatively short-lived (e.g. common cold,
acute appendicitis, MI)
Chronic illness Correct Answers Develops gradually, requires
ongoing medical attention, and may continue for the duration of
the individual's life (e.g. diabetes)
Ethonocentrism Correct Answers Inclination to view one's own
cultural group as the standard by which to judge the value of
other cultural groups
How do BSN nurses affect outcomes to patients in hospitals?
Correct Answers Patients on surgical units with more BSN-
prepared nurses had fewer complications than patients on units
with fewer BSN nurses.
Hospitals with a higher percentage of nurses with a BS in
Nursing had both a higher standard of patient care and a lower
incidence of patient post-surgical mortality
Internal Influences on Illness Behavior Correct Answers
Dependence/independence needs
Coping ability
Resourcefulness
Resilience
Spirituality and religion
,List Nursing roles Correct Answers - Provider of care
- Educator
- Manager
- Researcher
- Collaborator (requires skill & leadership)
- Patient advocate
List the nursing definitions with the nurses who espoused them
Correct Answers Nightingale's (1859) - "I use the word nursing
for want of a better. It has been limited to signify little more than
the administration of medicines and the application of poultices.
It ought to signify the proper use of fresh air, light, warmth,
cleanliness, quiet, and the proper selection and administration of
diet— all at the least expense of vital power to the patient"
Shaw's (1907) - "It properly includes, as well as the execution of
specific orders, the administration of food and medicine, the
personal care of the patient"
Harmer's (1922) - "The object of nursing is not only to cure the
sick... but to bring health and ease, rest and comfort to mind and
body. Its object is to prevent disease and to preserve health"
Harmer & Henderson (1939) - "Nursing may be defined as that
service to an individual that helps him to attain or maintain a
healthy state of mind or body"
Peplau's (1952) - "Nursing is a significant, therapeutic,
interpersonal process....Nursing is an educative instrument that
aims to promote forward movement of personality in the
, direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and
community living"
Orem's (1959) - "Nursing is perhaps best described as the giving
of direct assistance to a person, as required, because of the
person's specific inabilities in self-care resulting from a situation
of personal health"
Stages of adjustment to an illness Correct Answers 1) Disbelief
& Denial
- difficulty believing that signs/symptoms are caused by illness
- may believe symptoms will go away
- fear of illness may lead to mistaken belief symptoms will
subside without intervention
2) Irritability & Anger
- some patients become irritable as their ability to function
declines
- may lead to depression
- anger may be specifically directed or in general (i.e. mad at a
spouse vs "mad at the world")
3) Attempting to Gain Control
- some may consult their PCP or use OTC medications, folk
practices or home remedies
- they are aware they are ill and usually experience some
concern or even fear about the outcome
- fear typically stimulates treatment-seeking behavior, but may
also lead to further denial/avoidance
4) Depression & Grief
Solutions
Acute illness Correct Answers Characterized by severe
symptoms that are relatively short-lived (e.g. common cold,
acute appendicitis, MI)
Chronic illness Correct Answers Develops gradually, requires
ongoing medical attention, and may continue for the duration of
the individual's life (e.g. diabetes)
Ethonocentrism Correct Answers Inclination to view one's own
cultural group as the standard by which to judge the value of
other cultural groups
How do BSN nurses affect outcomes to patients in hospitals?
Correct Answers Patients on surgical units with more BSN-
prepared nurses had fewer complications than patients on units
with fewer BSN nurses.
Hospitals with a higher percentage of nurses with a BS in
Nursing had both a higher standard of patient care and a lower
incidence of patient post-surgical mortality
Internal Influences on Illness Behavior Correct Answers
Dependence/independence needs
Coping ability
Resourcefulness
Resilience
Spirituality and religion
,List Nursing roles Correct Answers - Provider of care
- Educator
- Manager
- Researcher
- Collaborator (requires skill & leadership)
- Patient advocate
List the nursing definitions with the nurses who espoused them
Correct Answers Nightingale's (1859) - "I use the word nursing
for want of a better. It has been limited to signify little more than
the administration of medicines and the application of poultices.
It ought to signify the proper use of fresh air, light, warmth,
cleanliness, quiet, and the proper selection and administration of
diet— all at the least expense of vital power to the patient"
Shaw's (1907) - "It properly includes, as well as the execution of
specific orders, the administration of food and medicine, the
personal care of the patient"
Harmer's (1922) - "The object of nursing is not only to cure the
sick... but to bring health and ease, rest and comfort to mind and
body. Its object is to prevent disease and to preserve health"
Harmer & Henderson (1939) - "Nursing may be defined as that
service to an individual that helps him to attain or maintain a
healthy state of mind or body"
Peplau's (1952) - "Nursing is a significant, therapeutic,
interpersonal process....Nursing is an educative instrument that
aims to promote forward movement of personality in the
, direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and
community living"
Orem's (1959) - "Nursing is perhaps best described as the giving
of direct assistance to a person, as required, because of the
person's specific inabilities in self-care resulting from a situation
of personal health"
Stages of adjustment to an illness Correct Answers 1) Disbelief
& Denial
- difficulty believing that signs/symptoms are caused by illness
- may believe symptoms will go away
- fear of illness may lead to mistaken belief symptoms will
subside without intervention
2) Irritability & Anger
- some patients become irritable as their ability to function
declines
- may lead to depression
- anger may be specifically directed or in general (i.e. mad at a
spouse vs "mad at the world")
3) Attempting to Gain Control
- some may consult their PCP or use OTC medications, folk
practices or home remedies
- they are aware they are ill and usually experience some
concern or even fear about the outcome
- fear typically stimulates treatment-seeking behavior, but may
also lead to further denial/avoidance
4) Depression & Grief
