Medical-Surgical: Endocrine ;Exercise
test 2025 (tests and solutions) 1st
EDITION
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bilateral adrenalectomy.
the nurse should expect to administer glucocorticoids following the procedure to
enhance which of the following therapeutic effects? - answer-Compensate for decrease
in cortisol levels
The client who has an adrenalectomy requires glucocorticoids before, during, and after
surgery to prevent an adrenal crisis caused by a sudden drop in cortisol levels. One of
the hormones produced by the adrenal glands is cortisol, a glucocorticoid. Loss of
glucocorticoid secretion leads to a state of altered metabolism and an inability to deal
with stressors which, if untreated, is fatal.
A nurse is planning a community health screening for a group of clients who are at risk
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following clients should the nurse include in
the screening? - answer-Men and women who are obese
There is a high correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity plays
a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus by decreasing the number of
available insulin receptors in skeletal muscles and fat cells. This is referred to as
peripheral insulin resistance. A reduced-calorie diet for obese clients tends to reverse
the phenomenon of peripheral insulin resistance.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the
teaching? - answer-Shakiness
The client who has hypoglycemia can experience early manifestations of shakiness.
Other early manifestations include fatigue, headache, difficulty thinking, sweating, and
nausea.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is displaying
manifestations of hyperglycemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the
nurse that the client has hyperglycemia? - answer-Increased urination
Increased urination, or polyuria, is a manifestation of hyperglycemia due to a deficiency
of insulin, which can lead to osmotic diuresis.
, A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. The
nurse should understand that which of the following laboratory values is consistent with
diabetic ketoacidosis? - answer-Bicarbonate level 12 mEq/L
The client who has diabetic ketoacidosis should have a bicarbonate level less than 15
mEq/L because the client has an increased production of counter-regulatory hormones
that lead to metabolic acidosis.
A nurse is preparing a 24-hour urine specimen for a client who is suspected to have
pheochromocytoma. Which of the following laboratory tests from the 24-hour urine
specimen should the nurse use to determine the client's condition? - answer-
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
The nurse should expect the 24-hr urine specimen to test for VMA. This test is used to
determine if the client has pheochromocytoma, which measures the level of
catecholamine metabolites in a 24-hr urine sample. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of
the adrenal gland that causes excess release of the catecholamines epinephrine and
norepinephrine, which are hormones that regulate blood pressure and heart rate.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -
answer-"Wear a medical alert identification tag when you exercise."
The client should wear a medical alert identification tag in the event of a hypoglycemic
response, because exercise can potentiate the effects of insulin and cause the blood
glucose levels to decrease.
A nurse caring for a client who is postoperative following a parathyroidectomy to treat
hyperpararthyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect
to decrease as a therapeutic effect of the procedure? - answer-Calcium
The parathyroid hormone regulates calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balance
within the client's blood and bone by maintaining a balance between the mineral levels
in the blood and the bone. Hyperparathyroidism is associated with hypercalcemia;
therefore, a decrease in the calcium level indicates an improvement in the client's
condition.
A nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy to treat hyperthyroidism caused
by an adenoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
(select all that apply) - answer-Tachycardia and hypertension are correct. Tachycardia
and hypertension are unexpected findings, which can indicate the occurrence of thyroid
storm following removal of the thyroid gland, especially if the client was in a
hyperthyroid state prior to the surgery. Thyrotoxic, or thyroid storm, is a life-threatening
condition with a sudden onset that includes tachycardia, fever, sweating, restlessness,
and tremors. Congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema can develop rapidly and
lead to death.
test 2025 (tests and solutions) 1st
EDITION
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bilateral adrenalectomy.
the nurse should expect to administer glucocorticoids following the procedure to
enhance which of the following therapeutic effects? - answer-Compensate for decrease
in cortisol levels
The client who has an adrenalectomy requires glucocorticoids before, during, and after
surgery to prevent an adrenal crisis caused by a sudden drop in cortisol levels. One of
the hormones produced by the adrenal glands is cortisol, a glucocorticoid. Loss of
glucocorticoid secretion leads to a state of altered metabolism and an inability to deal
with stressors which, if untreated, is fatal.
A nurse is planning a community health screening for a group of clients who are at risk
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following clients should the nurse include in
the screening? - answer-Men and women who are obese
There is a high correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity plays
a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus by decreasing the number of
available insulin receptors in skeletal muscles and fat cells. This is referred to as
peripheral insulin resistance. A reduced-calorie diet for obese clients tends to reverse
the phenomenon of peripheral insulin resistance.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the
teaching? - answer-Shakiness
The client who has hypoglycemia can experience early manifestations of shakiness.
Other early manifestations include fatigue, headache, difficulty thinking, sweating, and
nausea.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is displaying
manifestations of hyperglycemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the
nurse that the client has hyperglycemia? - answer-Increased urination
Increased urination, or polyuria, is a manifestation of hyperglycemia due to a deficiency
of insulin, which can lead to osmotic diuresis.
, A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. The
nurse should understand that which of the following laboratory values is consistent with
diabetic ketoacidosis? - answer-Bicarbonate level 12 mEq/L
The client who has diabetic ketoacidosis should have a bicarbonate level less than 15
mEq/L because the client has an increased production of counter-regulatory hormones
that lead to metabolic acidosis.
A nurse is preparing a 24-hour urine specimen for a client who is suspected to have
pheochromocytoma. Which of the following laboratory tests from the 24-hour urine
specimen should the nurse use to determine the client's condition? - answer-
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
The nurse should expect the 24-hr urine specimen to test for VMA. This test is used to
determine if the client has pheochromocytoma, which measures the level of
catecholamine metabolites in a 24-hr urine sample. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of
the adrenal gland that causes excess release of the catecholamines epinephrine and
norepinephrine, which are hormones that regulate blood pressure and heart rate.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -
answer-"Wear a medical alert identification tag when you exercise."
The client should wear a medical alert identification tag in the event of a hypoglycemic
response, because exercise can potentiate the effects of insulin and cause the blood
glucose levels to decrease.
A nurse caring for a client who is postoperative following a parathyroidectomy to treat
hyperpararthyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect
to decrease as a therapeutic effect of the procedure? - answer-Calcium
The parathyroid hormone regulates calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balance
within the client's blood and bone by maintaining a balance between the mineral levels
in the blood and the bone. Hyperparathyroidism is associated with hypercalcemia;
therefore, a decrease in the calcium level indicates an improvement in the client's
condition.
A nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy to treat hyperthyroidism caused
by an adenoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
(select all that apply) - answer-Tachycardia and hypertension are correct. Tachycardia
and hypertension are unexpected findings, which can indicate the occurrence of thyroid
storm following removal of the thyroid gland, especially if the client was in a
hyperthyroid state prior to the surgery. Thyrotoxic, or thyroid storm, is a life-threatening
condition with a sudden onset that includes tachycardia, fever, sweating, restlessness,
and tremors. Congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema can develop rapidly and
lead to death.
