Chapter 7 - Algorithm and design and problem solving
What is the program development life cycle, limited to analysis, design, coding and testing?
● Analysis: abstraction, decomposition of the problem, identification and investigation of
the problem and requirements
● Design: decomposition of the problems using structure diagrams, flowcharts,
pseudocode
● Coding: writing program code and iterative testing
● Testing: testing program code with the use of test data
Analysis:
● First, you have to look at the problem and the system that is needed. Then, the
requirements of the program are identified.
● Decomposition is the method used after identifying the requirements. It is the act of
breaking down a large problem into smaller, clear, manageable and understandable
sub-parts. Sub-parts can be divided until they are easily solvable and cannot be broken
down any further.
Design:
● Once the requirement’s document has been created, developers must design the
structure and algorithms to solve the problem in the design phase.
● Structure charts/diagrams are created to show the breakdown of tasks in a
hierarchy.
● Flowcharts may be created to visually show how tasks should be carried out.
● Pseudocode is created, sometimes from flowcharts, to allow programmers to
easily translate task instructions into programming code.
● A typical structure diagram used during designing looks like this:
, ● Flowcharts are diagrammatic representations of an algorithm. These are the symbols
used:
Pseudocode:
● Pseudocode is a programming-like language that does not have syntax. It can be
considered “fake” code.
● It uses English words and phrases to represent instructions and is very similar to
programming code but does not and cannot run on any computer.
● The purpose of pseudocode is to allow developers to understand how to create a
program regardless of the programming language used to implement the solution
What is the program development life cycle, limited to analysis, design, coding and testing?
● Analysis: abstraction, decomposition of the problem, identification and investigation of
the problem and requirements
● Design: decomposition of the problems using structure diagrams, flowcharts,
pseudocode
● Coding: writing program code and iterative testing
● Testing: testing program code with the use of test data
Analysis:
● First, you have to look at the problem and the system that is needed. Then, the
requirements of the program are identified.
● Decomposition is the method used after identifying the requirements. It is the act of
breaking down a large problem into smaller, clear, manageable and understandable
sub-parts. Sub-parts can be divided until they are easily solvable and cannot be broken
down any further.
Design:
● Once the requirement’s document has been created, developers must design the
structure and algorithms to solve the problem in the design phase.
● Structure charts/diagrams are created to show the breakdown of tasks in a
hierarchy.
● Flowcharts may be created to visually show how tasks should be carried out.
● Pseudocode is created, sometimes from flowcharts, to allow programmers to
easily translate task instructions into programming code.
● A typical structure diagram used during designing looks like this:
, ● Flowcharts are diagrammatic representations of an algorithm. These are the symbols
used:
Pseudocode:
● Pseudocode is a programming-like language that does not have syntax. It can be
considered “fake” code.
● It uses English words and phrases to represent instructions and is very similar to
programming code but does not and cannot run on any computer.
● The purpose of pseudocode is to allow developers to understand how to create a
program regardless of the programming language used to implement the solution
