Classical conditioning Test UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Ivan Pavlov - CORRECT ANSWER - russian physiologist who is known for classical
conditioning. He is famous for work with digestive secretion - research on conditioned reflexes
Why did his "conditioned reflex" capture the interest of American psychologists
in the early 1900's? - CORRECT ANSWER - It was a scientific method to study behavior
objectively. Revealed that behavior could be learned through association - basis for behaviorism
CS - CORRECT ANSWER - The initial neutral stimulus that becomes associated with the US
ex) the bell rung everytime food is presented
US - CORRECT ANSWER - the stimulus that naturally/automatically triggers response
without prior learning ex) food - salivation
CR - CORRECT ANSWER - learned response to the CS - salivation to the bell
UR - CORRECT ANSWER - the natural,automatic unlearned reaction to the US (food)
How did Pavlov explain conditioned reflex - CORRECT ANSWER - Stimulus Substitution
Theory - explains that repeatedly pairing CS with the US, the CS becomes substitute for the US,
evokes the same response
ex) bell without the light = salivation
Issues with Pavlov theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Shows it is not just a reflexive copy!
1) magnitude of response: strength of CR and UR might not be the same
2) Not all components of the UR become CR-
, ex) not all dogs run up to the bell and try and eat it- many responses besides just salivation,
chewing, etc
3) CR is sometimes in the opposite direction from UR
ex) fear conditioning, drug tolerance - body might develop preparatory or opposing CR
4) The CR may include some features that are not part of the UR
ex) dogs will turn head toward bell, but will not do the same for food.
Aquisition - CORRECT ANSWER - the period of time which begins with initial rapid
learning
aquisition phase - CORRECT ANSWER - the time during which learning occurs-
unconditioned and conditioned stimulus are paired.
asymptote - CORRECT ANSWER - the maximal level of responding for a given CS-US
pairing
ex) strongest point at which the dog knows meatpowder is coming
extinction - CORRECT ANSWER - the disappearance of the CR due to the repeated pairing
of the CS without the US.
spontaneous recovery - CORRECT ANSWER - the reappearance, after a pause, of an
extinguished conditioned response
if you train an animal with US-CS, and then wait time and present the stimulus again you will
see the CS return
Passing of time DOES affect extinction training
IS proof that the US-CS association is not permanently destroyed with extinction!!!
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Ivan Pavlov - CORRECT ANSWER - russian physiologist who is known for classical
conditioning. He is famous for work with digestive secretion - research on conditioned reflexes
Why did his "conditioned reflex" capture the interest of American psychologists
in the early 1900's? - CORRECT ANSWER - It was a scientific method to study behavior
objectively. Revealed that behavior could be learned through association - basis for behaviorism
CS - CORRECT ANSWER - The initial neutral stimulus that becomes associated with the US
ex) the bell rung everytime food is presented
US - CORRECT ANSWER - the stimulus that naturally/automatically triggers response
without prior learning ex) food - salivation
CR - CORRECT ANSWER - learned response to the CS - salivation to the bell
UR - CORRECT ANSWER - the natural,automatic unlearned reaction to the US (food)
How did Pavlov explain conditioned reflex - CORRECT ANSWER - Stimulus Substitution
Theory - explains that repeatedly pairing CS with the US, the CS becomes substitute for the US,
evokes the same response
ex) bell without the light = salivation
Issues with Pavlov theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Shows it is not just a reflexive copy!
1) magnitude of response: strength of CR and UR might not be the same
2) Not all components of the UR become CR-
, ex) not all dogs run up to the bell and try and eat it- many responses besides just salivation,
chewing, etc
3) CR is sometimes in the opposite direction from UR
ex) fear conditioning, drug tolerance - body might develop preparatory or opposing CR
4) The CR may include some features that are not part of the UR
ex) dogs will turn head toward bell, but will not do the same for food.
Aquisition - CORRECT ANSWER - the period of time which begins with initial rapid
learning
aquisition phase - CORRECT ANSWER - the time during which learning occurs-
unconditioned and conditioned stimulus are paired.
asymptote - CORRECT ANSWER - the maximal level of responding for a given CS-US
pairing
ex) strongest point at which the dog knows meatpowder is coming
extinction - CORRECT ANSWER - the disappearance of the CR due to the repeated pairing
of the CS without the US.
spontaneous recovery - CORRECT ANSWER - the reappearance, after a pause, of an
extinguished conditioned response
if you train an animal with US-CS, and then wait time and present the stimulus again you will
see the CS return
Passing of time DOES affect extinction training
IS proof that the US-CS association is not permanently destroyed with extinction!!!
