NURS 242 MED-SURG ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY
GRADED A++
Four Major subgroups of Late Adulthood - ANSWER 65 - 74 young old
75 - 84 middle old
85 - 99 old old
100 and older elite old
Lifestyle and Practice to Promote Wellness older adults - ANSWER Yearly
flu vaccine
pneumococcal vaccine
Shingles vaccine
tetanus and booster every 10 years
wear seat belts
alcohol in moderation
avoid smoking
smoke detectors
prevent falls - waxed floors and scattered rugs
medications as prescribed
avoid OTC medications unless primary care phyisican directs
Yearly physicial
regular exercise
socialization
reminisce
Common health Issues and Concerns older adults - ANSWER Decreased
nutrition and hydration
Decreased mobility
Stress and loss
Accidents - falls most common/MVA
Drug use and misuse
Mental health/cognition problems (including substance abuse)
Elder neglect and abuse
GFTT ( Geriatric Failure To Thrive) Complex Syndrome - ANSWER Under
nutrition
Impaired mobility
Depression
,Cognitive impairment
Depression older adults - ANSWER Most common mental
health/behavioral health problem among older adults.
Use Geriatric Depression Scale form
Mood disorder having cognitive, affective, physical manifestations
Primary (lack of neurotransmitters)
Secondary or situational
Dementia older adults - ANSWER slowly progresses
generally chronic
intellectual impairment
Most common Alzheimer's
Multi-infarct dementia, the second most common resulting from a vascular
disorder
Delirium older adults - ANSWER Acute and fluctuating onset
results from an unfamiliar place
Symptoms - inattentiveness, disorganized thinking, and altered level of
consciousness
Nurse's role in Rehab - ANSWER Advocate for the patient and family
Create therapeutic rehab milieu
provide whole person patient-centered care
Collaborate with healthcare team for patient outcome and develop care
plan
Communicate with effectively with all members of the health care team,
patient and family
Evaluate effectiveness of plan of care for the patient and family
Use Braden scale - skin break down risk
Safe Patient Handing and Mobility (SPHM) - ANSWER -Maintain a wide,
stable base with your feet
-Put the bed at the correct height - waist level while providing direct care
and hip level when moving patients
- Keep the patient or work directly in front of you to prevent your spine from
rotating
- Keep the patient as close to your body as possible to prevent reaching
,walker - assisted and cane - assisted procedure - ANSWER - Apply a
transfer belt around patients waist
- guide patient to a standing position
- remind patient to place both hands on the walker
- ensure that the patient's body is well balanced
walker teaching - ANSWER - lift the walker
- move the walker about 2 feet forward and set it down on all legs
-while resting on the walker, take small steps
- check balance
- repeat sequence
cane teaching - ANSWER - be sure cane is at the height of the patients
wrist when the arm is placed at his or her side
- remind patient to place his or her strong hand on cane
- ensure that the patient's body is well balanced
- move the cane and weaker leg forward at the same time
- move the stronger leg one step forward
- check balance and repeat the sequence
Adaptive equipment - ANSWER buttonhook
extended shoehorn
plate guard and spork
gel pad
foam buildups
hook and loop fasteners
long-handled reacher
elastic shoelaces or velcro shoe closure
SCIP infection - 1 - ANSWER Prophylactic antibiotic received within one
hour prior to surgical incision (to establish bactericidal blood and tissue
levels by the time the surgical incision is made)
SCIP infection - 2 - ANSWER Prophylactic antibiotic selection for surgical
patients (increased risk for surgical infections)
SCIP infection - 3 - ANSWER Prophylactic Antibiotics discontinued within
24 hours after surgery end time (provides benefit without risk)
, SCIP infection - 4 - ANSWER Cardiac surgery patients with controlled 6 am
postoperative blood glucose (cardiac patients only) To avoid hyperglycemia
SCIP infection - 6 - ANSWER Surgery patients with appropriate hair
removal (removal is performed with electric clippers or chemical
depilatories) to avoid skin abrasions and increase risk of surgical site
infections
SCIP infection - 9 - ANSWER Urinary catheter removed on postoperative
day 1 or postoperative day 2 with day of surgery being day zero ( to avoid
urinary tract infections)
SCIP infection - 10 - ANSWER Surgery patients with preoperative
temperature management (prevent prolonged hyperthermia, which is
associated with wound healing, serious cardiac complications, altered drug
metabolism, coagulation problems, and higher surgical infections.
SCIP CARD - 2 - ANSWER Surgery patients on beta-blocker therapy prior
to arrival who received a beta-blocker during the perioperative period (
receive beta-blocker prior and continue immediately after surgery)
SCIP Venous Thromboembolism - 1 - ANSWER Surgical patients with
recommended venous thromboembolism prophylaxis ordered (reduce
complications from postoperative VTE)
SCIP Venous Thromboembolism - 2 - ANSWER Surgery Patients who
received appropriate Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis within 24 hours
of prior to surgery to 24 hours after surgery ( reduce complications from
postoperative VTE particularly among patients undergoing the types of
surgeries in which the risk was highest
skin layers - ANSWER - Epidermis
- dermis
- subcutaneous - hypodermis
Epidermis - ANSWER - protection
- keratin provides protection from injury by corrosive material
- inhibits proliferation of microorganisms because of dry external surface
-mechanical strength through intercellular bonds
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY
GRADED A++
Four Major subgroups of Late Adulthood - ANSWER 65 - 74 young old
75 - 84 middle old
85 - 99 old old
100 and older elite old
Lifestyle and Practice to Promote Wellness older adults - ANSWER Yearly
flu vaccine
pneumococcal vaccine
Shingles vaccine
tetanus and booster every 10 years
wear seat belts
alcohol in moderation
avoid smoking
smoke detectors
prevent falls - waxed floors and scattered rugs
medications as prescribed
avoid OTC medications unless primary care phyisican directs
Yearly physicial
regular exercise
socialization
reminisce
Common health Issues and Concerns older adults - ANSWER Decreased
nutrition and hydration
Decreased mobility
Stress and loss
Accidents - falls most common/MVA
Drug use and misuse
Mental health/cognition problems (including substance abuse)
Elder neglect and abuse
GFTT ( Geriatric Failure To Thrive) Complex Syndrome - ANSWER Under
nutrition
Impaired mobility
Depression
,Cognitive impairment
Depression older adults - ANSWER Most common mental
health/behavioral health problem among older adults.
Use Geriatric Depression Scale form
Mood disorder having cognitive, affective, physical manifestations
Primary (lack of neurotransmitters)
Secondary or situational
Dementia older adults - ANSWER slowly progresses
generally chronic
intellectual impairment
Most common Alzheimer's
Multi-infarct dementia, the second most common resulting from a vascular
disorder
Delirium older adults - ANSWER Acute and fluctuating onset
results from an unfamiliar place
Symptoms - inattentiveness, disorganized thinking, and altered level of
consciousness
Nurse's role in Rehab - ANSWER Advocate for the patient and family
Create therapeutic rehab milieu
provide whole person patient-centered care
Collaborate with healthcare team for patient outcome and develop care
plan
Communicate with effectively with all members of the health care team,
patient and family
Evaluate effectiveness of plan of care for the patient and family
Use Braden scale - skin break down risk
Safe Patient Handing and Mobility (SPHM) - ANSWER -Maintain a wide,
stable base with your feet
-Put the bed at the correct height - waist level while providing direct care
and hip level when moving patients
- Keep the patient or work directly in front of you to prevent your spine from
rotating
- Keep the patient as close to your body as possible to prevent reaching
,walker - assisted and cane - assisted procedure - ANSWER - Apply a
transfer belt around patients waist
- guide patient to a standing position
- remind patient to place both hands on the walker
- ensure that the patient's body is well balanced
walker teaching - ANSWER - lift the walker
- move the walker about 2 feet forward and set it down on all legs
-while resting on the walker, take small steps
- check balance
- repeat sequence
cane teaching - ANSWER - be sure cane is at the height of the patients
wrist when the arm is placed at his or her side
- remind patient to place his or her strong hand on cane
- ensure that the patient's body is well balanced
- move the cane and weaker leg forward at the same time
- move the stronger leg one step forward
- check balance and repeat the sequence
Adaptive equipment - ANSWER buttonhook
extended shoehorn
plate guard and spork
gel pad
foam buildups
hook and loop fasteners
long-handled reacher
elastic shoelaces or velcro shoe closure
SCIP infection - 1 - ANSWER Prophylactic antibiotic received within one
hour prior to surgical incision (to establish bactericidal blood and tissue
levels by the time the surgical incision is made)
SCIP infection - 2 - ANSWER Prophylactic antibiotic selection for surgical
patients (increased risk for surgical infections)
SCIP infection - 3 - ANSWER Prophylactic Antibiotics discontinued within
24 hours after surgery end time (provides benefit without risk)
, SCIP infection - 4 - ANSWER Cardiac surgery patients with controlled 6 am
postoperative blood glucose (cardiac patients only) To avoid hyperglycemia
SCIP infection - 6 - ANSWER Surgery patients with appropriate hair
removal (removal is performed with electric clippers or chemical
depilatories) to avoid skin abrasions and increase risk of surgical site
infections
SCIP infection - 9 - ANSWER Urinary catheter removed on postoperative
day 1 or postoperative day 2 with day of surgery being day zero ( to avoid
urinary tract infections)
SCIP infection - 10 - ANSWER Surgery patients with preoperative
temperature management (prevent prolonged hyperthermia, which is
associated with wound healing, serious cardiac complications, altered drug
metabolism, coagulation problems, and higher surgical infections.
SCIP CARD - 2 - ANSWER Surgery patients on beta-blocker therapy prior
to arrival who received a beta-blocker during the perioperative period (
receive beta-blocker prior and continue immediately after surgery)
SCIP Venous Thromboembolism - 1 - ANSWER Surgical patients with
recommended venous thromboembolism prophylaxis ordered (reduce
complications from postoperative VTE)
SCIP Venous Thromboembolism - 2 - ANSWER Surgery Patients who
received appropriate Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis within 24 hours
of prior to surgery to 24 hours after surgery ( reduce complications from
postoperative VTE particularly among patients undergoing the types of
surgeries in which the risk was highest
skin layers - ANSWER - Epidermis
- dermis
- subcutaneous - hypodermis
Epidermis - ANSWER - protection
- keratin provides protection from injury by corrosive material
- inhibits proliferation of microorganisms because of dry external surface
-mechanical strength through intercellular bonds
