UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
f f f
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
f f f f f f
MULTIPLEfCHOICE
1. Afstudentfisfobservingfafcellfunderfthefmicroscope.fItfisfobservedftofhavefsupercoiledfDNAfwit
hfhistones.fWhichfofftheffollowingfwouldfalsofbefobservedfbyfthefstudent?
a. Afsinglefcircularfchromosome
b. Afnucleus
c. Free-floatingfnuclearfmaterial
d. Noforganelles
ANS:f B
Thefcellfdescribedfisfafeukaryoticfcell,fsofitfhasfhistonesfandfafsupercoiledfDNAfwithinfitsfnucl
eus;fthus,fthefnucleusfshouldfbefobserved.fAfsinglefcircularfchromosomefcalledfafprokaryotefc
ontainsffree-floatingfnuclearfmaterialfbutfhasfnoforganelles.
REF:f p.f2
2. Afnursefisfinstructingfthefstafffaboutfcellularffunctions.fWhichfcellularffunctionfisfthefnursefdesc
ribingfwhenfanfisolatedfcellfabsorbsfoxygenfandfusesfitftoftransformfnutrientsftofenergy?
a. Metabolicfabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:f D NURSINGTB.COM
Thefcell’sfabilityftofabsorbfoxygenfisfreferredftofasfrespirationfwhilefitsfcommunicationfabilityfinv
olvesfmaintenancefoffafsteadyfdynamicfstate,fmetabolicfabsorptionfprovidesfnutrition,fandfsecreti
onfallowsfforfthefsynthesizingfoffnewfsubstances.
REF:f p.f2
3. AfeukaryoticfcellfisfundergoingfDNAfreplication.fInfwhichfregionfoffthefcellfwouldfmostfoffthef
geneticfinformationfbefcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleusfCytoplasm
ANS:f C
Thefregionfoffthefcellfthatfcontainsfgeneticfmaterial,fincludingfaflargefamountfoffribonucleicfaci
d,fmostfoffthefDNA,fandfDNA-
bindingfproteins,fisfthefnucleolus,fwhichfisflocatedfwithinfthefcell’sfnucleus.fMitochondriafisfass
ociatedfwithfcellularfrespiration,fwhilefribosomesfarefinvolvedfwithfproteinfmanufacturing.fCyt
oplasmfisfaffluidffillingfthatfisfafcomponentfoffthefcell.
REF:f p.f2
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, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
4. Whichfofftheffollowingfcanfremovefproteinsfattachedftofthefcell’sfbilayerfbyfdissolvingftheflay
erfitself?
a. Peripheralfmembranefproteins
b. Integralfmembranefproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cellfadhesionfmolecules
ANS:f B
Proteinsfdirectlyfattachedftofthefmembranefbilayerfcanfbefremovedfbyfthefactionfoffintegralfme
mbranefproteinsfthatfdissolvefthefbilayer.fPeripheralfmembranefproteinsfresidefatfthefsurfacefw
hilefcellfadhesionfmoleculesfarefonfthefoutsidefoffthefmembrane.fGlycoproteinfmarksfcellsfandf
doesfnotffloat.
REF:f p.f7
5. Whichfofftheffollowingfcanfbindftofplasmafmembranefreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicflipids
d. Ligands
ANS:f D
Ligandsfarefthefonlyfspecificfmoleculesfthatfcanfbindfwithfreceptorsfonfthefcellfmembrane.
REF:f p.f9
6. Afnursefisfreviewingfafreportffromfafpatientfwithfmetastaticfcancer.fWhatfalternationfinfthefextr
acellularfmatrixfwouldfsuNppoR
rtfthIefdG
iagnBo.
siC
sfofM
metastaticfcancer?
a. Decreasedffibronectin
U fSfNfT O
b. Increasedfcollagen
c. Decreasedfelastin
d. Increasedfglycoproteins
ANS:f A
Onlyfafreducedfamountfofffibronectinfisffoundfinfsomeftypesfoffcancerousfcells,fallowingfthe
mftoftravelforfmetastasize.
REF:f p.f10
7. Whichfformfoffcellfcommunicationfisfusedftofrelateftofotherfcellsfinfdirectfphysicalfcontact?
a. Cellfjunction
b. Gapfjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tightfjunction
ANS:f A
Cellfjunctionsfholdfcellsftogetherfandfpermitfmoleculesftofpassffromfcellftofcell.
Gapfjunctionsfallowfforfcellularfcommunicationfbetweenfcells.fNeitherfdesmosomesfnorftightfjun
ctionsfarefassociatedfwithfcellularfcommunication.
REF:f p.f11
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, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
8. Pancreaticfbetafcellsfsecretefinsulin,fwhichfinhibitsfsecretionfoffglucagonffromfneighboringfalp
hafcells.fThisfactionfisfanfexamplefoffwhichfofftheffollowingfsignalingftypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:f A
Paracrinefsignalingfinvolvesfthefreleasefofflocalfchemicalfmediatorsfthatfarefquicklyftakenfup,fdes
troyed,forfimmobilized,fasfinfthefcasefoffinsulinfandfthefinhibitionfoffthefsecretionfoffglucagon.fN
onefoffthefotherfoptionsfinvolvefsignalingfthatfisfassociatedfwithfaflocalfchemicalfmediatorflikefins
ulin.
REF:f p.f12
9. Infcellularfmetabolism,feachfenzymefhasfafhighfaffinityfforfa:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:f B
Eachfenzymefhasfafhighfaffinityfforfafsubstrate,fafspecificfsubstancefconvertedftofafproductfoffthefr
eaction.fCellularfmetabolismfisfnotfdependentfonfanfattractionfbetweenfanfenzymefandfanyfoffthef
remainingfoptions.
REF:fffp.f16
NURSINGTB.COM
10. Anfathletefrunsfafmarathon,fafterfwhichfhisfmusclesffeelffatiguedfandfunableftofcontract.fThefathle
tefasksfthefnursefwhyfthisfhappened.fThefnurse’sfresponsefisfbasedfonfthefknowledgefthatfthefprobl
emfisfresultfoffafdeficiencyfof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:f C
WhenfATPfisfdeficient,fimpairedfmusclefcontractionfresults.fNonefoffthefotherfoptionsfarefinv
olvedfinfmusclefcontraction.
REF:f p.f16
11. WhichfphasefoffcatabolismfproducesfthefmostfATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citricfacidfcycle
ANS:f D
WhilefsomefATPfisfproducedfduringfthefoxidationfandfglycolysisfphases,fmostfoffthefATPfisfgen
eratedfduringfthefcitricfacidfcycle.fDigestionfdoesfnotfproducefanyfATP.
NURSINGTB.COM
, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
REF:f p.f16
12. Afnursefisfteachingfthefstafffaboutfthefphasesfoffcellularfcatabolism.fWhichfphasesfshouldfthefnurs
efinclude?
a. Digestion,fglycolysis,foxidation,fandfthefcitricfacidfcycle
b. Diffusion,fosmosis,fandfmediatedftransport
c. Sfphase,fGfphase,fandfMfphase
d. Metabolicfabsorption,frespiration,fandfexcretion
ANS:f A
Onlyfdigestion,fglycolysis,foxidation,fandfthefcitricfacidfcyclefarefthefphasesfoffcellularfcat
abolism.
REF:fffp.f16
13. Afrunnerfhasfdepletedfallfthefoxygenfavailablefforfmusclefenergy.fWhichfofftheffollowingfwillffaci
litatefhisfcontinuedfmusclefperformance?
a. Electron-transportfchain
b. Aerobicfglycolysis
c. Anaerobicfglycolysis
d. Oxidativefphosphorylation
ANS:f C
Whenfnofoxygenfisfavailable,fanaerobicfglycolysisfoccurs.fThefelectron-
transportfchainfisfpartfoffthefcitricfacidfcycle.fAerobicfglycolysisfinvolvesfthefpresencefoffoxygen.f
Oxidativefphosphorylationfisfthefmechanismfbyfwhichfthefenergyfproducedffromfcarbohydrates,f
fats,fandfproteinsfisftransferredftofATP.fItfisfnotfpartfoffmusclefperformance.
NURSINGTB.COM
REF:fffp.f16
14. Affacultyfmemberfasksfafstudentftofidentifyfthefappropriateftermfforfthefmovementfoffafsoluteffro
mfanfareafoffgreaterftoflesserfconcentration.fWhichfanswerfindicatesfthefnursingfstudentfundersto
odfthefteaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostaticfpressure
d. Activeftransport
ANS:f B
Diffusionfisfthefmovementfoffafsolutefmoleculeffromfanfareafoffgreaterfsolutefconcentrationftofanfa
reafofflesserfsolutefconcentrationfthroughfafpermeablefmembrane.fOsmosisfisfthefmovementfoffw
aterfacrossfafsemipermeablefmembraneffromfafregionfoffhigherfwaterfconcentrationftofonefofflow
erfconcentration.fHydrostaticfpressurefisfthefforcefofffluidfagainstfafcellfmembrane.fInfactiveftrans
port,fmoleculesfmovefupfafconcentrationfgradient.
REF:f p.f19
15. Whichfdescriptionfaccuratelyfdescribesfelectrolytes?
a. Smallflipid-solublefmolecules
b. Largefproteinfmolecules
c. MicronutrientsfusedftofproducefATP
NURSINGTB.COM
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
f f f
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
f f f f f f
MULTIPLEfCHOICE
1. Afstudentfisfobservingfafcellfunderfthefmicroscope.fItfisfobservedftofhavefsupercoiledfDNAfwit
hfhistones.fWhichfofftheffollowingfwouldfalsofbefobservedfbyfthefstudent?
a. Afsinglefcircularfchromosome
b. Afnucleus
c. Free-floatingfnuclearfmaterial
d. Noforganelles
ANS:f B
Thefcellfdescribedfisfafeukaryoticfcell,fsofitfhasfhistonesfandfafsupercoiledfDNAfwithinfitsfnucl
eus;fthus,fthefnucleusfshouldfbefobserved.fAfsinglefcircularfchromosomefcalledfafprokaryotefc
ontainsffree-floatingfnuclearfmaterialfbutfhasfnoforganelles.
REF:f p.f2
2. Afnursefisfinstructingfthefstafffaboutfcellularffunctions.fWhichfcellularffunctionfisfthefnursefdesc
ribingfwhenfanfisolatedfcellfabsorbsfoxygenfandfusesfitftoftransformfnutrientsftofenergy?
a. Metabolicfabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS:f D NURSINGTB.COM
Thefcell’sfabilityftofabsorbfoxygenfisfreferredftofasfrespirationfwhilefitsfcommunicationfabilityfinv
olvesfmaintenancefoffafsteadyfdynamicfstate,fmetabolicfabsorptionfprovidesfnutrition,fandfsecreti
onfallowsfforfthefsynthesizingfoffnewfsubstances.
REF:f p.f2
3. AfeukaryoticfcellfisfundergoingfDNAfreplication.fInfwhichfregionfoffthefcellfwouldfmostfoffthef
geneticfinformationfbefcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleusfCytoplasm
ANS:f C
Thefregionfoffthefcellfthatfcontainsfgeneticfmaterial,fincludingfaflargefamountfoffribonucleicfaci
d,fmostfoffthefDNA,fandfDNA-
bindingfproteins,fisfthefnucleolus,fwhichfisflocatedfwithinfthefcell’sfnucleus.fMitochondriafisfass
ociatedfwithfcellularfrespiration,fwhilefribosomesfarefinvolvedfwithfproteinfmanufacturing.fCyt
oplasmfisfaffluidffillingfthatfisfafcomponentfoffthefcell.
REF:f p.f2
NURSINGTB.COM
, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
4. Whichfofftheffollowingfcanfremovefproteinsfattachedftofthefcell’sfbilayerfbyfdissolvingftheflay
erfitself?
a. Peripheralfmembranefproteins
b. Integralfmembranefproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cellfadhesionfmolecules
ANS:f B
Proteinsfdirectlyfattachedftofthefmembranefbilayerfcanfbefremovedfbyfthefactionfoffintegralfme
mbranefproteinsfthatfdissolvefthefbilayer.fPeripheralfmembranefproteinsfresidefatfthefsurfacefw
hilefcellfadhesionfmoleculesfarefonfthefoutsidefoffthefmembrane.fGlycoproteinfmarksfcellsfandf
doesfnotffloat.
REF:f p.f7
5. Whichfofftheffollowingfcanfbindftofplasmafmembranefreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicflipids
d. Ligands
ANS:f D
Ligandsfarefthefonlyfspecificfmoleculesfthatfcanfbindfwithfreceptorsfonfthefcellfmembrane.
REF:f p.f9
6. Afnursefisfreviewingfafreportffromfafpatientfwithfmetastaticfcancer.fWhatfalternationfinfthefextr
acellularfmatrixfwouldfsuNppoR
rtfthIefdG
iagnBo.
siC
sfofM
metastaticfcancer?
a. Decreasedffibronectin
U fSfNfT O
b. Increasedfcollagen
c. Decreasedfelastin
d. Increasedfglycoproteins
ANS:f A
Onlyfafreducedfamountfofffibronectinfisffoundfinfsomeftypesfoffcancerousfcells,fallowingfthe
mftoftravelforfmetastasize.
REF:f p.f10
7. Whichfformfoffcellfcommunicationfisfusedftofrelateftofotherfcellsfinfdirectfphysicalfcontact?
a. Cellfjunction
b. Gapfjunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tightfjunction
ANS:f A
Cellfjunctionsfholdfcellsftogetherfandfpermitfmoleculesftofpassffromfcellftofcell.
Gapfjunctionsfallowfforfcellularfcommunicationfbetweenfcells.fNeitherfdesmosomesfnorftightfjun
ctionsfarefassociatedfwithfcellularfcommunication.
REF:f p.f11
NURSINGTB.COM
, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
8. Pancreaticfbetafcellsfsecretefinsulin,fwhichfinhibitsfsecretionfoffglucagonffromfneighboringfalp
hafcells.fThisfactionfisfanfexamplefoffwhichfofftheffollowingfsignalingftypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS:f A
Paracrinefsignalingfinvolvesfthefreleasefofflocalfchemicalfmediatorsfthatfarefquicklyftakenfup,fdes
troyed,forfimmobilized,fasfinfthefcasefoffinsulinfandfthefinhibitionfoffthefsecretionfoffglucagon.fN
onefoffthefotherfoptionsfinvolvefsignalingfthatfisfassociatedfwithfaflocalfchemicalfmediatorflikefins
ulin.
REF:f p.f12
9. Infcellularfmetabolism,feachfenzymefhasfafhighfaffinityfforfa:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS:f B
Eachfenzymefhasfafhighfaffinityfforfafsubstrate,fafspecificfsubstancefconvertedftofafproductfoffthefr
eaction.fCellularfmetabolismfisfnotfdependentfonfanfattractionfbetweenfanfenzymefandfanyfoffthef
remainingfoptions.
REF:fffp.f16
NURSINGTB.COM
10. Anfathletefrunsfafmarathon,fafterfwhichfhisfmusclesffeelffatiguedfandfunableftofcontract.fThefathle
tefasksfthefnursefwhyfthisfhappened.fThefnurse’sfresponsefisfbasedfonfthefknowledgefthatfthefprobl
emfisfresultfoffafdeficiencyfof:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS:f C
WhenfATPfisfdeficient,fimpairedfmusclefcontractionfresults.fNonefoffthefotherfoptionsfarefinv
olvedfinfmusclefcontraction.
REF:f p.f16
11. WhichfphasefoffcatabolismfproducesfthefmostfATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citricfacidfcycle
ANS:f D
WhilefsomefATPfisfproducedfduringfthefoxidationfandfglycolysisfphases,fmostfoffthefATPfisfgen
eratedfduringfthefcitricfacidfcycle.fDigestionfdoesfnotfproducefanyfATP.
NURSINGTB.COM
, UnderstandingfPathophysiologyf6thfEditionfHuetherfTestfBank
REF:f p.f16
12. Afnursefisfteachingfthefstafffaboutfthefphasesfoffcellularfcatabolism.fWhichfphasesfshouldfthefnurs
efinclude?
a. Digestion,fglycolysis,foxidation,fandfthefcitricfacidfcycle
b. Diffusion,fosmosis,fandfmediatedftransport
c. Sfphase,fGfphase,fandfMfphase
d. Metabolicfabsorption,frespiration,fandfexcretion
ANS:f A
Onlyfdigestion,fglycolysis,foxidation,fandfthefcitricfacidfcyclefarefthefphasesfoffcellularfcat
abolism.
REF:fffp.f16
13. Afrunnerfhasfdepletedfallfthefoxygenfavailablefforfmusclefenergy.fWhichfofftheffollowingfwillffaci
litatefhisfcontinuedfmusclefperformance?
a. Electron-transportfchain
b. Aerobicfglycolysis
c. Anaerobicfglycolysis
d. Oxidativefphosphorylation
ANS:f C
Whenfnofoxygenfisfavailable,fanaerobicfglycolysisfoccurs.fThefelectron-
transportfchainfisfpartfoffthefcitricfacidfcycle.fAerobicfglycolysisfinvolvesfthefpresencefoffoxygen.f
Oxidativefphosphorylationfisfthefmechanismfbyfwhichfthefenergyfproducedffromfcarbohydrates,f
fats,fandfproteinsfisftransferredftofATP.fItfisfnotfpartfoffmusclefperformance.
NURSINGTB.COM
REF:fffp.f16
14. Affacultyfmemberfasksfafstudentftofidentifyfthefappropriateftermfforfthefmovementfoffafsoluteffro
mfanfareafoffgreaterftoflesserfconcentration.fWhichfanswerfindicatesfthefnursingfstudentfundersto
odfthefteaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostaticfpressure
d. Activeftransport
ANS:f B
Diffusionfisfthefmovementfoffafsolutefmoleculeffromfanfareafoffgreaterfsolutefconcentrationftofanfa
reafofflesserfsolutefconcentrationfthroughfafpermeablefmembrane.fOsmosisfisfthefmovementfoffw
aterfacrossfafsemipermeablefmembraneffromfafregionfoffhigherfwaterfconcentrationftofonefofflow
erfconcentration.fHydrostaticfpressurefisfthefforcefofffluidfagainstfafcellfmembrane.fInfactiveftrans
port,fmoleculesfmovefupfafconcentrationfgradient.
REF:f p.f19
15. Whichfdescriptionfaccuratelyfdescribesfelectrolytes?
a. Smallflipid-solublefmolecules
b. Largefproteinfmolecules
c. MicronutrientsfusedftofproducefATP
NURSINGTB.COM
