CCI Echocardiography Practice || with Precise Solutions.
Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA correct answers Right Leaflet
Name the tricuspid leaflets correct answers posterior, anterior, and septal/medial
The coronary arteries come off of the ______ correct answers Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels coming off the arch and the most proximal or distal. correct answers
Innominate (proximal), left carotid, and the left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? correct answers Coarctation of
the Aorta
Where do the most aortic Coarctation occur? correct answers After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
Where is the coronary sinus located? correct answers Posterior AV groove
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer
_______ correct answers Posterior
During which phase do the coronaries fill? correct answers early diastole
Where is the chiari network located? correct answers RA
What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? correct answers A
wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? correct answers 40-45C
TEE views by esophageal level/degrees correct answers 4ch- 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees
LAX- 120 degrees
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? correct answers The SA node has the highest
intrinsic rate of any cardiac tissue.
The save of contraction (depolarization) moves from the ______ to _____ correct answers
endocardium to epicardium (Inside to outside)
What is the absolute refractory state? correct answers That period when a muscle cell is not
excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3; the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and the
muscle cell might contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, T wave represents correct answers P wave- atrial systole
, P-R interval- includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
QRS complex- ventricular diastole (repolarization)
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? correct answers 0.10 sec
Frank-Sterling Law correct answers Increased volume= increased contractility
RUBBER BAND THEORY
Does a PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) increase LV preload? correct answers yes when shunt is
L-R
Echo finding for preload vs. afterload correct answers Preload= dilatation
Afterload= hypertrophy
Does venous return increase or decrease with inspiration? correct answers Increase
Mitral valve velocity during inspiration increases or decreases? correct answers Increases
Hepatic venous flow reveral indicates _______ correct answers Severe TR
Given a TR velocity of 4.0m/sec what is the RVSP? correct answers 70mmHg
Pulmonary venous systolic flow reversal is ______ correct answers Severe MR
Which of the following is used in echo to measure dP/dt? correct answers Mitral regurgitation
dP/dt measurement of mitral regurgitation assesses what? correct answers LV systolic
dysfunction
______ is the rate of rise of LV pressure? correct answers dP/dt
Congenital connective tissue disease causing aortic dilatation of MVP correct answers Marfans
a group of inherited disorders that affect your connective tissues — primarily your skin, joints
and blood vessel walls and could have MVP and AO dissection correct answers elhers-danlos
syndrome
Severe Ao aneurysms are greater than _____ cm correct answers 5.0cm
St. Jude is a __________ valve correct answers Bi-leaflet
Autografts are grafts that are taken from ________ correct answers the patients own tissue
What are all the cardiomyopathies? correct answers Dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive/infiltrative
Which cardiomyopathy is autosomal dominant? correct answers Hypertrophic
Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA correct answers Right Leaflet
Name the tricuspid leaflets correct answers posterior, anterior, and septal/medial
The coronary arteries come off of the ______ correct answers Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels coming off the arch and the most proximal or distal. correct answers
Innominate (proximal), left carotid, and the left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? correct answers Coarctation of
the Aorta
Where do the most aortic Coarctation occur? correct answers After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
Where is the coronary sinus located? correct answers Posterior AV groove
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer
_______ correct answers Posterior
During which phase do the coronaries fill? correct answers early diastole
Where is the chiari network located? correct answers RA
What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? correct answers A
wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? correct answers 40-45C
TEE views by esophageal level/degrees correct answers 4ch- 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees
LAX- 120 degrees
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? correct answers The SA node has the highest
intrinsic rate of any cardiac tissue.
The save of contraction (depolarization) moves from the ______ to _____ correct answers
endocardium to epicardium (Inside to outside)
What is the absolute refractory state? correct answers That period when a muscle cell is not
excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3; the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and the
muscle cell might contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, T wave represents correct answers P wave- atrial systole
, P-R interval- includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
QRS complex- ventricular diastole (repolarization)
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? correct answers 0.10 sec
Frank-Sterling Law correct answers Increased volume= increased contractility
RUBBER BAND THEORY
Does a PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) increase LV preload? correct answers yes when shunt is
L-R
Echo finding for preload vs. afterload correct answers Preload= dilatation
Afterload= hypertrophy
Does venous return increase or decrease with inspiration? correct answers Increase
Mitral valve velocity during inspiration increases or decreases? correct answers Increases
Hepatic venous flow reveral indicates _______ correct answers Severe TR
Given a TR velocity of 4.0m/sec what is the RVSP? correct answers 70mmHg
Pulmonary venous systolic flow reversal is ______ correct answers Severe MR
Which of the following is used in echo to measure dP/dt? correct answers Mitral regurgitation
dP/dt measurement of mitral regurgitation assesses what? correct answers LV systolic
dysfunction
______ is the rate of rise of LV pressure? correct answers dP/dt
Congenital connective tissue disease causing aortic dilatation of MVP correct answers Marfans
a group of inherited disorders that affect your connective tissues — primarily your skin, joints
and blood vessel walls and could have MVP and AO dissection correct answers elhers-danlos
syndrome
Severe Ao aneurysms are greater than _____ cm correct answers 5.0cm
St. Jude is a __________ valve correct answers Bi-leaflet
Autografts are grafts that are taken from ________ correct answers the patients own tissue
What are all the cardiomyopathies? correct answers Dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive/infiltrative
Which cardiomyopathy is autosomal dominant? correct answers Hypertrophic
