CHEM 131 - Food Science - Exam 2 -
(UNL) Q7A 100% Guaranteed Pass
Vitamins - ✔✔fat soluble (A,D,E,K) and water soluble (B)
Vitamins A, C, and E - ✔✔Antioxidant
Food sources
Phytochemicals
Vitamin D - ✔✔Regulates calcium, bones
Some produced by body
Example: Fortified Milk, yogurt, juice, cereal, fatty fish, eggs
Osteomalacia/rickets - ✔✔bones become softer because of a vitamin D
deficiency
B - Vitamins - ✔✔Red blood cell development
Prevention of birth defects
Major Minerals - ✔✔Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Phosphorus
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©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,Potassium
Sodium
Sulfur
Calcium - ✔✔Teens: 1300 mg/day
Sources: milk, yogurt, soy milk, cheese, ice cream, pudding, greens, orange juice
Osteoporosis - ✔✔"Brittle bones" due to lack of calcium
Sodium - ✔✔1500 mg/day
*not a lacking problem in US today
Regulates fluids OUTSIDE THE CELLS
Potassium - ✔✔Works opposite of sodium in fluid regulation (WORKS INSIDE
THE CELLS)
Dairy, legumes, vegetables
Anemia - ✔✔iron deficiency
Iron - ✔✔Hemoglobin (blood) and myoglobin (muscle)
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©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Heme iron - ✔✔beef, pork, poultry
Non-heme iron - ✔✔plants, fortification or enrichment (cereals, bread, flour)
DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet - ✔✔Adequate
POTASSIUM, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
Moderate sodium
Obesity - ✔✔Epidemic, chronic disease
Increasing incidence in kids
Risk factor or cause of other conditions
Weight Loss Basics - ✔✔calories out: BMR (energy it takes to live), physical
activity
calories in: food and beverages;
decrease calories by 300-500 per day; carbohydrates, pro and fat calories,
smaller portions;
moderate carbohydrates and fat, moderate-high protein
>/= 1200 calories per day
Atherosclerosis - ✔✔Goal to decrease or stop progression of plaque in the blood
vessels
Chronic disease
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©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
(UNL) Q7A 100% Guaranteed Pass
Vitamins - ✔✔fat soluble (A,D,E,K) and water soluble (B)
Vitamins A, C, and E - ✔✔Antioxidant
Food sources
Phytochemicals
Vitamin D - ✔✔Regulates calcium, bones
Some produced by body
Example: Fortified Milk, yogurt, juice, cereal, fatty fish, eggs
Osteomalacia/rickets - ✔✔bones become softer because of a vitamin D
deficiency
B - Vitamins - ✔✔Red blood cell development
Prevention of birth defects
Major Minerals - ✔✔Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Phosphorus
1|Page
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,Potassium
Sodium
Sulfur
Calcium - ✔✔Teens: 1300 mg/day
Sources: milk, yogurt, soy milk, cheese, ice cream, pudding, greens, orange juice
Osteoporosis - ✔✔"Brittle bones" due to lack of calcium
Sodium - ✔✔1500 mg/day
*not a lacking problem in US today
Regulates fluids OUTSIDE THE CELLS
Potassium - ✔✔Works opposite of sodium in fluid regulation (WORKS INSIDE
THE CELLS)
Dairy, legumes, vegetables
Anemia - ✔✔iron deficiency
Iron - ✔✔Hemoglobin (blood) and myoglobin (muscle)
2|Page
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, Heme iron - ✔✔beef, pork, poultry
Non-heme iron - ✔✔plants, fortification or enrichment (cereals, bread, flour)
DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet - ✔✔Adequate
POTASSIUM, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
Moderate sodium
Obesity - ✔✔Epidemic, chronic disease
Increasing incidence in kids
Risk factor or cause of other conditions
Weight Loss Basics - ✔✔calories out: BMR (energy it takes to live), physical
activity
calories in: food and beverages;
decrease calories by 300-500 per day; carbohydrates, pro and fat calories,
smaller portions;
moderate carbohydrates and fat, moderate-high protein
>/= 1200 calories per day
Atherosclerosis - ✔✔Goal to decrease or stop progression of plaque in the blood
vessels
Chronic disease
3|Page
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
