NBDHE REVIEW Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

NBDHE REVIEW Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Purpose of the DH Code of Ethics - Answers-To achieve high levels of ethical consciousness, decision making, and practice by members of a profession. .DH core values include: - Answers-Veracity Autonomy Beneficence Justice Non-maleficence Confidentiality Societal trust .Veracity - Answers-Truthfulness .Autonomy - Answers--Deals with the PATIENT, not the practitioner. -Right to privacy; freedom of choice The patients have rights to informed consent, full disclosure, privacy, freedom of choice, etc. .Beneficence - Answers--Do what benefits the patient (promotes their well-being) -Example: Doing dental screening .Justice - Answers-Fairness .Non-Maleficence - Answers-Do no harm. Deals with the PRACTITIONER. Example- providing protective eyewear to the patient .Confidentiality - Answers-The act of holding information in confidence, not to be released to unauthorized individuals .Societal Trust - Answers-Value patient trust. Based on our actions and behavior. .Civil offense - Answers--A crime against an INDIVIDUAL but not against society. -Satisfaction is sought (usually money) -Most dental cases fall under this category. -Common lawsuits are dental injections, adverse drug reactions related to contraindications to medical history, or failure to diagnose -Best way to avoid lawsuits is through documentation, charting, and communication .What is the best way to avoid lawsuits - Answers-Best way to avoid lawsuits is through documentation, charting, and communication .Civil Law: Contract Law - Answers--2 main types: implied and expressed -Involves the practitioner and patient -Can involve termination of patients and abandonment of patients .Implied contract - Answers-An agreement made through inference by signs, inaction or silence .Expressed contract - Answers-A written or oral agreement in which all terms are explicitly stated .Abandonment in contracts - Answers-Dismissal of a patient without ample and proper notice .Civil Law: Tort Law - Answers-Wrongs against a person or property: damages can be sought by injured party. .Intentional Torts (civil law: torts) includes: - Answers--Assault -Battery -Deceit/Misrepresentation -Defamation -Breach of confidentiality -Invasion of property (patients body is the property) .Assault - Answers--A type of intentional tort -Intention to cause bodily harm WITHOUT actually doing it (threatening) .Battery - Answers--A type of intentional tort -Intention to cause bodily harm WITH touching them .Defamation - Answers--A type of intentional tort -Act of harming or ruining another's reputation -2 types (libel and slander) .Libel - Answers--A type of defamation (which is an intentional tort) -WRITTEN defamation -Think L=Library > Libel .Slander - Answers--A type of defamation (which is an intentional tort) -Verbal defamation -Think S=Spoken > Slander .Unintentional Tort (Civil law: torts) includes: - Answers-Negligence and malpractice .Negligence - Answers--Failure to do what a reasonable person would do -Includes Standard of Care and duty -Example: breaking instrument tip in periodontal pocket and neglecting to tell the patient 4 essential factors in negligence: 1. Acceptance of the patient by the provider 2. Breach of duty (harm does not have to happen to be a breach) 3. Causal relationship between the breach and damage 4. Damage or harm to the patient .2 main types of law - Answers-Civil and criminal .2 main branches off of civil law - Answers-Contract law and tort law .OSHA - Answers-Occupational Safety and Health Administration -Responsible for developing universal/standard precaution protocols for employees to prevent them from contracting disease through blood and/or other body fluids -Protects the employees -Pertains to clinics and facilities -Includes Blood-Borne Pathogens and MSDS .HIPAA - Answers-Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 -Maintains patient confidentiality -All health care entities that electronically process, store, transmits or receives medical forms, claims, or remittances -Office has to provide the patient a copy of HIPAA policy every 3 years .How frequently does a HIPAA form need to be signed? - Answers-Only one time unless.. 1. Changes are made and the patient needs to add or remove an individual from a previous form 2. The government has made changes to HIPAA policy .CDC - Answers-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -Recommends infection control protocol and conducts research to determine how diseases are transmitted -Provides guidelines for disease prevention/transmission -Located in Atlanta, GA .COBRA - Answers-Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act -Law to provide terminated employees or those who lose insurance coverage because of reduced work to be able to buy group insurance for themselves and their families (spouse and children) for a limited amount of time (for 18 months) .Informed Consent - Answers--AUTONOMY 1. Presented in an understandable language 2. Nature and need of procedure 3. Benefits and risks of procedure 4. Prognosis 5. Alternatives to recommended procedure 6. Patient is allowed to ask questions .Malpractice - Answers-Professional negligence where harm results To prove there must be: 1. Act of omission or commission 2. Failure to satisfy standard of care 3. Harm or injury to the patient .Statute of Limitations - Answers--Time frame (limitation period) within which legal action must be taken -Varies from state to state and the type of lawsuit -Because dental lawsuits vary from state to state and type of offense, there is NO definite time for a universal statute of limitations .Dental records - Answers--Documentation of complete data -Additional information (radiographs, referrals, prescriptions, OHI, etc.) Ownership: -Dentist owns paper on which information is printed -Patient owns information -It is ok for dentist to charge reasonable fee to transfer records (even if there is a balance on the account) .Another term for the employer (dentist) - Answers-Respondent Superior .Statutory Law for Dental Professionals - Answers--Licensure requirements, examination, and eligibility requirements -Licensure by endorsement -Approval of educational programs -Examination and disciplinary authority -Scope of practice -Supervision requirements -Continuing education requirements