Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 2nd Edition

Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost
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Full Test Bank Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 2nd Edition
Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Yoost Test Bank 1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of non nursing theories in clinical practice.
The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patient care?
Test Bank Directly From The publisher, 100% Verified Answers. a. Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul‘s Critical-Thinking Theory
COVERS ALL CHAPTERS. c. Maslow‘s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock‘s Health Belief Model
Download Immediately After the Order.
ANS: C
Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each
person‘s physical and mental health. The nurse‘s understanding of these factors helps with
formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient‘s needs and values to prioritize care.
Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on individuals‘
interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental theory to
critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives. Rosenstock
(1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The model addresses possible reasons
for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This model is
especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.

DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination

2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student
would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale‘s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air,
water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the
environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of energy.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process
between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse‘s role as substitutive
(doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary (working with the
person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers (1970) developed the
Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and their environments are
interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.




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DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning d. They are actually hired.
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion ANS: B
Benner‘s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent,
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War? proficient, and expert. The student nurse progresses from novice to advanced beginner during
a. Dorothea Dix nursing school and attains the competent level after approximately 2 to 3 years of work
b. Linda Richards experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must graduate from an
c. Lena Higbee approved school of nursing and pass a state licensing examination called the National Council
d. Clara Barton Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) usually taken soon after completion
of an approved nursing program.
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Planning
Dorothea Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America‘s first trained nurse, graduating from Boston‘s NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
Women‘s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps, was
awarded the Navy Cross in 1918. 6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which degree
would best match the student‘s desire to conduct research at the university level?
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
NOT: Concepts: Professionalism c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential for students and
professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be found to have added ANS: D
safety as a sixth competency? Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree
a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) prepares nurses for leadership roles in research, teaching, and administration that are essential to
b. Institute of Medicine (IOM) advancing nursing as a profession. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) programs usually are
c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum focuses on adult acute and
d. National League for Nursing (NLN) chronic disease; maternal/child health; pediatrics; and psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN
RNs may return to school to earn a bachelor‘s degree or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN
ANS: A program. Bachelor‘s degree programs include community health and management courses
The Institute of Medicine report, Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality (2003), beyond those provided in an associate degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral degree
outlines five core competencies. These include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary teamwork, is the Doctor of Nursing practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing.
use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use of information technology. QSEN DNP specialties include the four advanced practice roles of NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional
Nursing Practice are provided and updated by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Assessment
(AACN) (2008). The document offers a framework for the education of professional nurses with MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
outcomes for students to meet. The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education programs.
7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking Magnet
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Planning status. To explain the requirements for this award, the nurse manager will contact which
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care organization?
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination a. American Nurses Association (ANA)
b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When c. National League for Nursing (NLN)
hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be considered d. Joint Commission
―competent‖ until they complete which task?
a. They graduate and pass NCLEX. ANS: B
b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.




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Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an integration of the best-available research evidence with clinical
The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) awards Magnet Recognition to hospitals judgment about a specific patient situation. The nurse assesses current and past research, clinical guidelines,
that have shown excellence and innovation in nursing. The ANA is a professional organization and other resources to identify relevant literature. The application of EBP includes critically appraising the
that provides standards of nursing practice. The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and evidence to assess its validity, designing a change for practice, assessing the need for change and identifying
updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education a problem, and integrating and maintaining changewhile monitoring process and outcomes by reevaluating
programs. The Joint Commission is the accrediting organization for health care facilities in the the application of evidence and assessing areas for improvement.
United States.
DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
10. The nurse is delegating frequent blood pressure (BP) measurements for a patient admitted with a
8. The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. When the nurse gunshot wound to a licensed practical nurse (LPN). When delegating, the nurse understands
notifies the health care provider of the patient‘s decision, the nurse is acting in which role? which fact?
a. Manager a. He/she may assume that the LPN is able to perform this task appropriately.
b. Change agent b. The LPN is ultimately responsible for the patient findings and assessment.
c. Advocate c. The LPN may perform the tasks assigned without further supervision.
d. Educator d. He/she retains ultimate responsibility for patient care and supervision is needed.
ANS: C ANS: D
As the patient‘s advocate, the nurse interprets information and provides the necessary education. The RN retains ultimate responsibility for patient care, which requires supervision of those to
The nurse then accepts and respects the patient‘s decisions even if they are different from the whom patient care is delegated. In the process of collaboration, the nurse delegates certain
nurse‘s own beliefs. The nurse supports the patient‘s wishes and communicates them to other activities to other health care personnel. The RN needs to know the scope of practice or
health care providers. A nurse manages all of the activities and treatments for patients. In the role capabilities of each health care member for delegation to be effective and safe.
of change agent, the nurse works with patients to address their health concerns and with staff
members to address change in an organization or within a community. The nurse ensures that the DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation
patient receives sufficient information on which to base consent for care and related treatment. MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Education becomes a major focus of discharge planning so that patients will be prepared to NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
handle their own needs at home.
11. The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient admitted with fever of unknown origin. The patient
DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation states, ―I never got past the fifth grade in school. Don‘t read much. Never saw much sense in it.
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care But I do OK. I can read most stuff. But my doctor explains things good and doesn‘t think that my
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination sickness is serious.‖ Considering this patient response, what action should the nurse carry out?
a. Provide discharge medication information from a professional source to provide
9. The nursing student develops a plan of care based on a recently published article describing the the most information.
effects of bed rest on a patient‘s calcium blood levels. When creating the plan of care, the b. Expect that the patient may return to the hospital if the discharge process is poorly
nursing student has the obligation to consider which action? done.
a. Critically appraise the evidence and determine validity. c. Assume that the physician and the patient have a good rapport and that the
b. Ensure that the plan of care does not alter current practice. physician will clarify everything.
c. Change the process even when there is no problem identified. d. Defer offering the patient the opportunity to sign up for wellness classes due to the
d. Maintain the plan of care regardless of initial outcome. low literacy rate.
ANS: A ANS: B




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Low health literacy is associated with increased hospitalization, greater emergency care use, Hildegard Peplau focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process between
lower use of mammography, and lower receipt of influenza vaccine. A goal of patient education a nurse and a patient. The interpersonal process occurs in overlapping phases: (1) orientation, (2)
by the nurse is to inform patients and deliver information that is understandable by examining working, consisting of two subphases: identification and exploitation, and (3) resolution. Betty
their level of health literacy. The more understandable health information is for patients, the Neuman‘s Systems Model includes a holistic concept and an open-system approach. The model
closer the care is coordinated with need. identifies energy resources that provide for basic survival, with lines of resistance that are
activated when a stressor invades the system. Virginia Henderson described the nurse‘s role as
DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care (working with the person), with the ultimate goal of independence for the patient. Imogene King
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion developed a general systems framework that incorporates three levels of systems: (1) individual
or personal, (2) group or interpersonal, and (3) society or social. The theory of goal attainment
12. A nurse is caring for a patient who lost a large amount of blood during childbirth. The nurse
discusses the importance of interaction, perception, communication, transaction, self, role, stress,
provides the opportunity for the patient to maintain her activity level while providing adequate growth and development, time, and personal space. In this theory, both the nurse and the patient
periods of rest and encouragement. Which nursing theory would the nurse most likely choose as work together to achieve the goals in the continuous adjustment to stressors.
a framework for addressing the fatigue associated with the low blood count?
a. Watson Human Caring Theory DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Assessment
b. Parse‘s Theory of Human Becoming MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
c. Roy‘s Adaptation Model NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
d. Rogers‘ Science of Unitary Human Beings
14. When a nursing class volunteers to serve hot meals at a local homeless shelter on a Saturday
ANS: C
afternoon, which term identifies this focus on serving the community?
Roy‘s Adaptation Model is based on the human being as an adaptive open system. The person
a. Altruism
adapts by meeting physiologic-physical needs, developing a positive self-concept–group identity,
b. Accountability
performing social role functions, and balancing dependence and independence. Stressors result in
c. Autonomy
illness by disrupting the equilibrium. Nursing care is directed at altering stimuli that are stressors
d. Advocate
to the patient. The nurse helps patients strengthen their abilities to adapt to their illnesses or helps
them to develop adaptive behaviors. Watson‘s theory is based on caring, with nurses dedicated to ANS: A
health and healing. The nurse functions to preserve the dignity and wholeness of humans in A profession provides services needed by society. Additionally, practitioners‘ motivation is
health or while peacefully dying. Parse‘s theory is called the Human Becoming School of public service over personal gain (altruism). Service to the public requires intellectual activities,
Thought. Parse formulated the Theory of Human Becoming by combining concepts from Martha which include responsibility. This accountability has legal, ethical, and professional implications.
Rogers‘ Science of Unitary Human Beings with existential-phenomenologic thought. This theory Members of a profession have autonomy in decision making and practice and are self-regulating
looks at the person as a constantly changing being, and at nursing as a human science. Martha in that they develop their own policies in collaboration with one another. As the patient‘s
Rogers (1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings advocate, the nurse interprets information and provides the necessary education. The nurse then
and their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields. accepts and respects the patient‘s decisions even if they are different from the nurse‘s own
beliefs.
DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.6 TOP: Assessment
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion
13. The nurse recognizes which nursing theorist who described the relationship between the nurse
and the patient as an interpersonal and therapeutic process? 15. A patient is being discharged from the hospital with wound care dressing changes. The nurse
a. Virginia Henderson recommends a referral for home health nursing care. The nurse is using which standard of
b. Betty Neuman practice?
c. Imogene King a. Assessment
d. Hildegard Peplau b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
ANS: D
d. Implementation
ANS: C




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