WCU Patho CYU Final Exam
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include
a.proteinuria.
b.anuria.
c.foul-smelling urine.
d.red blood cell casts in the urine. - ✔️✔️A
The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by
a.fever and diminishing cognition.
b.fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance.
c.magnesium and phosphorous loss in the urine.
d.sodium retention and potassium loss in the urine. - ✔️✔️B
Somatic death refers to death
a.of nerve cells.
b.secondary to brain damage.
c.of a body organ.
d.of the entire organism. - ✔️✔️D
An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with
a.shift to the left.
b.elevated PCO2.
c.shift to the right.
d.hyperthermia. - ✔️✔️A
The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as
a.urethral fistula.
b.epispadias.
c.priapism.
d.hypospadias. - ✔️✔️B
Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries, which is because
of
a.release of proteolytic enzymes from immune cells.
b.air trapping with resultant excessive alveolar pressure.
c.excessive α1-antitrypsin.
,d.autoantibodies against pulmonary basement membrane. - ✔️✔️A
Pain in fibromyalgia involves
a.nerve inflammation.
b.muscle inflammation.
c.autoimmune destruction of muscle tissue.
d.changes in pain transmission in the spinal cord. - ✔️✔️D
When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why
their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with
pneumonia, the nurse replies
a."It sounds as if your child has a case of viral pneumonia, while the classmate had
bacterial pneumonia."
b."It sounds like your child has a case of bacterial pneumonia, while the classmate had
viral pneumonia."
c."It sounds as if your child is having a severe reaction to bacterial pneumonia. It hits
some children harder than others."
d."It sounds as if the classmate was just lucky and less exposed at daycare." - ✔️✔️B
A tool used to assess levels of consciousness is
a.intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring.
b.Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
c.magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
d.central perfusion pressure (CPP). - ✔️✔️B
Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by
a.extreme pain below the level of injury.
b.hypertension and bradycardia.
c.hypotension and shock.
d.pallor and vasoconstriction above the level of injury. - ✔️✔️B
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they
induce production of
a.catecholamines.
b.vasopressin.
c.clotting factors.
d.nitric oxide. - ✔️✔️D
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring?
, a.Cancer-causing virus
b.Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
c.Oncogene
d.Extra chromosome - ✔️✔️B
Primary treatment for myocardial infarction (MI) is directed at
a.reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
b.activating the parasympathetic system.
c.protecting the heart from further ischemia.
d.decreasing myocardial oxygen demands. - ✔️✔️D
The most important preventive measure for hemorrhagic stroke is
a.thrombolytics.
b.anticoagulation.
c.blood pressure control.
d.management of dysrhythmias. - ✔️✔️C
A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates
a.functional bowel obstruction.
b.mechanical bowel obstruction.
c.peritonitis.
d.perforated bowel. - ✔️✔️A
A middle-aged patient has a follow up visit for a recorded blood pressure of 162/96 mm
Hg taken 3 weeks ago. The patient has no significant past medical history and takes no
medications, but smokes 1 1/2 packs of cigarettes per day, drinks alcohol regularly, and
exercises infrequently. The patient is about 40 lbs. overweight and admits to a high-fat,
high-calorie diet. At the office visit today, the patient's blood pressure is 150/92 mm Hg.
What is the least appropriate intervention for this patient at this time?
a.Recheck blood pressure in 4 to 6 weeks.
b.Begin lifestyle modifications.
c.Encourage smoking cessation.
d.Begin antihypertensive drug therapy. - ✔️✔️D
Widespread atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and diffuse, fluffy alveolar
infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of
a.acute respiratory distress syndrome.
b.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
c.asthma.
d.cor pulmonale. - ✔️✔️A
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include
a.proteinuria.
b.anuria.
c.foul-smelling urine.
d.red blood cell casts in the urine. - ✔️✔️A
The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by
a.fever and diminishing cognition.
b.fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance.
c.magnesium and phosphorous loss in the urine.
d.sodium retention and potassium loss in the urine. - ✔️✔️B
Somatic death refers to death
a.of nerve cells.
b.secondary to brain damage.
c.of a body organ.
d.of the entire organism. - ✔️✔️D
An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with
a.shift to the left.
b.elevated PCO2.
c.shift to the right.
d.hyperthermia. - ✔️✔️A
The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as
a.urethral fistula.
b.epispadias.
c.priapism.
d.hypospadias. - ✔️✔️B
Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries, which is because
of
a.release of proteolytic enzymes from immune cells.
b.air trapping with resultant excessive alveolar pressure.
c.excessive α1-antitrypsin.
,d.autoantibodies against pulmonary basement membrane. - ✔️✔️A
Pain in fibromyalgia involves
a.nerve inflammation.
b.muscle inflammation.
c.autoimmune destruction of muscle tissue.
d.changes in pain transmission in the spinal cord. - ✔️✔️D
When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why
their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with
pneumonia, the nurse replies
a."It sounds as if your child has a case of viral pneumonia, while the classmate had
bacterial pneumonia."
b."It sounds like your child has a case of bacterial pneumonia, while the classmate had
viral pneumonia."
c."It sounds as if your child is having a severe reaction to bacterial pneumonia. It hits
some children harder than others."
d."It sounds as if the classmate was just lucky and less exposed at daycare." - ✔️✔️B
A tool used to assess levels of consciousness is
a.intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring.
b.Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
c.magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
d.central perfusion pressure (CPP). - ✔️✔️B
Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by
a.extreme pain below the level of injury.
b.hypertension and bradycardia.
c.hypotension and shock.
d.pallor and vasoconstriction above the level of injury. - ✔️✔️B
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they
induce production of
a.catecholamines.
b.vasopressin.
c.clotting factors.
d.nitric oxide. - ✔️✔️D
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring?
, a.Cancer-causing virus
b.Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
c.Oncogene
d.Extra chromosome - ✔️✔️B
Primary treatment for myocardial infarction (MI) is directed at
a.reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
b.activating the parasympathetic system.
c.protecting the heart from further ischemia.
d.decreasing myocardial oxygen demands. - ✔️✔️D
The most important preventive measure for hemorrhagic stroke is
a.thrombolytics.
b.anticoagulation.
c.blood pressure control.
d.management of dysrhythmias. - ✔️✔️C
A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates
a.functional bowel obstruction.
b.mechanical bowel obstruction.
c.peritonitis.
d.perforated bowel. - ✔️✔️A
A middle-aged patient has a follow up visit for a recorded blood pressure of 162/96 mm
Hg taken 3 weeks ago. The patient has no significant past medical history and takes no
medications, but smokes 1 1/2 packs of cigarettes per day, drinks alcohol regularly, and
exercises infrequently. The patient is about 40 lbs. overweight and admits to a high-fat,
high-calorie diet. At the office visit today, the patient's blood pressure is 150/92 mm Hg.
What is the least appropriate intervention for this patient at this time?
a.Recheck blood pressure in 4 to 6 weeks.
b.Begin lifestyle modifications.
c.Encourage smoking cessation.
d.Begin antihypertensive drug therapy. - ✔️✔️D
Widespread atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and diffuse, fluffy alveolar
infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of
a.acute respiratory distress syndrome.
b.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
c.asthma.
d.cor pulmonale. - ✔️✔️A
