STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE BODY TEST
BANK EXAM PREP QUESTIONS; 100% SOLVED
nutrients undergo three forms of processing in the body - ANS-digestion, absorption, and metabolism
alimentary canal - ANS-digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - ANS-refers only to the portion that includes the stomach and intestines
main organ mouth - ANS-accessory teeth and tongue, salivary glands - parotid, submandibular,
sublingual
main organ pharynx - ANS-accessory tonsils
esophagus - ANS-main organ
stomach - ANS-main organ
main organ small intestine - ANS-duodenum, jejunum, ileum; accessory liver, gallbladder, pancreas
main organ large intestines - ANS-cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal; accessory vermiform appendix
colon - ANS-ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
ingestion - ANS-intake of food
digestion - ANS-group of processes that break complex nutrients into simpler ones, facilitating their
absorption
mechanical digestion - ANS-Physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces
chemical digestion - ANS-breaks molecules apart
motility - ANS-movement by the muscular components of the digestive tube, including processes or
mechanical digestion; peristalsis and segmentation
secretion - ANS-release of digestive juices (enzymes, acids, bases, mucus, bile); some digestive organs
also secrete endocrine hormones that regulate digestion of metabolism of nutrients
, absoption - ANS-movement of digested nutrients through the GI mucosa and into the internal
environment
elimination - ANS-excretion of the residues of the digestive process (feces) from the rectum, through the
anus
regulation - ANS-coordination of digestive activity (motility, secretion, other digestive processes)
lumen - ANS-hollow space within the digestive tube
four layers of digestive tube - ANS-mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
mucosa - ANS-esophagus - stratified epithelium; rest of alimentary tract is simple columnar epithelium;
produces mucus
submucosa - ANS-connective tissue layer that lies just below the mucosa; contains many blood vessels
and nerves
muscularis - ANS-two or three layers of muscle tissue for motility
segmentation - ANS-back and forth or swishing type of intestinal motility; assist in mixing ingested
material with digestive juices and helps continue the mechanical breakdown of larger particles
serosa - ANS-outermost covering or coating of the digestive tube; composed of serous membrane that
adheres to internal organs and folds outward to form a parietal layer that adheres to the inner wall of a
cavity
visceral peritoneum - ANS-serosa covering in the abdominal cavity
mesentery - ANS-a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to
the interior abdominal wall
types of teeth - ANS-incisor, canine, premolar, molar
incisors - ANS-front teeth
canine teeth - ANS-cuspids; more elongated
premolars - ANS-biscuspids
molars - ANS-tricuspids
bolus - ANS-food formed into a small rounded mass so it can be swallowed
deciduous teeth - ANS-baby teeth
crown - ANS-portion of tooth projecting beyond gum
BANK EXAM PREP QUESTIONS; 100% SOLVED
nutrients undergo three forms of processing in the body - ANS-digestion, absorption, and metabolism
alimentary canal - ANS-digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - ANS-refers only to the portion that includes the stomach and intestines
main organ mouth - ANS-accessory teeth and tongue, salivary glands - parotid, submandibular,
sublingual
main organ pharynx - ANS-accessory tonsils
esophagus - ANS-main organ
stomach - ANS-main organ
main organ small intestine - ANS-duodenum, jejunum, ileum; accessory liver, gallbladder, pancreas
main organ large intestines - ANS-cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal; accessory vermiform appendix
colon - ANS-ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
ingestion - ANS-intake of food
digestion - ANS-group of processes that break complex nutrients into simpler ones, facilitating their
absorption
mechanical digestion - ANS-Physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces
chemical digestion - ANS-breaks molecules apart
motility - ANS-movement by the muscular components of the digestive tube, including processes or
mechanical digestion; peristalsis and segmentation
secretion - ANS-release of digestive juices (enzymes, acids, bases, mucus, bile); some digestive organs
also secrete endocrine hormones that regulate digestion of metabolism of nutrients
, absoption - ANS-movement of digested nutrients through the GI mucosa and into the internal
environment
elimination - ANS-excretion of the residues of the digestive process (feces) from the rectum, through the
anus
regulation - ANS-coordination of digestive activity (motility, secretion, other digestive processes)
lumen - ANS-hollow space within the digestive tube
four layers of digestive tube - ANS-mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
mucosa - ANS-esophagus - stratified epithelium; rest of alimentary tract is simple columnar epithelium;
produces mucus
submucosa - ANS-connective tissue layer that lies just below the mucosa; contains many blood vessels
and nerves
muscularis - ANS-two or three layers of muscle tissue for motility
segmentation - ANS-back and forth or swishing type of intestinal motility; assist in mixing ingested
material with digestive juices and helps continue the mechanical breakdown of larger particles
serosa - ANS-outermost covering or coating of the digestive tube; composed of serous membrane that
adheres to internal organs and folds outward to form a parietal layer that adheres to the inner wall of a
cavity
visceral peritoneum - ANS-serosa covering in the abdominal cavity
mesentery - ANS-a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to
the interior abdominal wall
types of teeth - ANS-incisor, canine, premolar, molar
incisors - ANS-front teeth
canine teeth - ANS-cuspids; more elongated
premolars - ANS-biscuspids
molars - ANS-tricuspids
bolus - ANS-food formed into a small rounded mass so it can be swallowed
deciduous teeth - ANS-baby teeth
crown - ANS-portion of tooth projecting beyond gum
