FPGEE 2025-2026 Exam Questions
And Answers
A
R
U
LA
C
O
D
,★Aripiprazole (Abilify) - ANS antipsychotic
2nd
schizophrenia
●disruptive behavior/irritability secondary to autism
●combine with antidepressants→refractory depression
A
isoflurane - ANS anesthetics
inhalation
R
nontoxic to the liver and kidney
not used for inhalation induction because of it's odor
good for longer surgeries
U
desflurane - ANS
inhalation
rapid onset and recovery
anesthetics
LA
very popular for short procedures
not used for inhalation induction
★Epinephrine (adrenaline/Epipen) - ANS a1,a2,b1,b2 agonist
anaphyactic shock
C
norepinephrine - ANS a1,a2,b1 agonist
shock
isoproterenol - ANS b1,b2 agonist
O
cardiac stimulant
dobutamine - ANS b1 agonist
D
acute heart failure
Methyldopa (Aldomet) - ANS a2 agonist
methyldopa → methylnorepinephrine (↓adrenalin)
●HT in pregnancy
phenylephrine - ANS a1 agonist
nasal decongestant
raise blood pressure
,★Albuterol (Ventolin) - ANS b2 agonist
short-acting bronchospasm
metaproterenol - ANS b2 agonist
short-acting bronchospasm
arformoterol - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
★Formoterol (Foradil) - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
A
indacaterol - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
R
ephedrine - ANS enhance release NE
stimulate a/b R
vasoconstriction
U
cardiac stimulation
be banned for ↑ sport performance
LA
acetylcholine - ANS cholinergic agonist (M,N)
↓heart rate and cardiac output
↓blood pressure
bethanechol - ANS cholinergic agonist (M)
urinary retention (postoperative...)
C
carbachol (carbamylcholine) - ANS cholinergic agonist (M,N)
provide miosis
glaucoma
O
neostigmine - ANS AChE Inhibitor (Reversible)
treatment of myasthenia gravis
D
reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine
pilocarpine - ANS cholinergic agonist (M)
●Sjogren syndrome
●dry mouth
●open-angle glaucoma
emergency pressure lowering agent
Echothiophate (Phospholine) - ANS Cholinesterase Inhibitor (irreversible)
open-angle glaucoma (limited use)
, Scopolamine (Transderm Scop) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M
prevention of motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting
aclidinium - ANS cholinergic antagonist
long-acting anti-M
bronchodilator (maintenance)
★Ipratropium (Atrovent HFA) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
short-act anti-M
A
bronchodilator (maintenance+acute)
★Tiotropium (Spiriva) - ANS long-act anti-M
R
bronchodilator (maintenance+acute)
cyclopentolate - ANS aholinergic antagonist
anit-M
U
ophthalmic
mydriasis and cycloplegia
LA
★Benztropine (Cogentin) - ANS anti-M
Parkinson's disease
Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M
Parkinson's disease
C
Darifenacin (Enablex) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M3
lower frequency of bladder contraction
O
★Solifenacin (Vesicare) - ANS anti-M3
lower frequency of bladder contraction
D
cisatracurium - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
Mivacurium (Mivacron) - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
Rocuronium (Zemuron) - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
And Answers
A
R
U
LA
C
O
D
,★Aripiprazole (Abilify) - ANS antipsychotic
2nd
schizophrenia
●disruptive behavior/irritability secondary to autism
●combine with antidepressants→refractory depression
A
isoflurane - ANS anesthetics
inhalation
R
nontoxic to the liver and kidney
not used for inhalation induction because of it's odor
good for longer surgeries
U
desflurane - ANS
inhalation
rapid onset and recovery
anesthetics
LA
very popular for short procedures
not used for inhalation induction
★Epinephrine (adrenaline/Epipen) - ANS a1,a2,b1,b2 agonist
anaphyactic shock
C
norepinephrine - ANS a1,a2,b1 agonist
shock
isoproterenol - ANS b1,b2 agonist
O
cardiac stimulant
dobutamine - ANS b1 agonist
D
acute heart failure
Methyldopa (Aldomet) - ANS a2 agonist
methyldopa → methylnorepinephrine (↓adrenalin)
●HT in pregnancy
phenylephrine - ANS a1 agonist
nasal decongestant
raise blood pressure
,★Albuterol (Ventolin) - ANS b2 agonist
short-acting bronchospasm
metaproterenol - ANS b2 agonist
short-acting bronchospasm
arformoterol - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
★Formoterol (Foradil) - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
A
indacaterol - ANS b2 agonist
long-acting bronchospasm
R
ephedrine - ANS enhance release NE
stimulate a/b R
vasoconstriction
U
cardiac stimulation
be banned for ↑ sport performance
LA
acetylcholine - ANS cholinergic agonist (M,N)
↓heart rate and cardiac output
↓blood pressure
bethanechol - ANS cholinergic agonist (M)
urinary retention (postoperative...)
C
carbachol (carbamylcholine) - ANS cholinergic agonist (M,N)
provide miosis
glaucoma
O
neostigmine - ANS AChE Inhibitor (Reversible)
treatment of myasthenia gravis
D
reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine
pilocarpine - ANS cholinergic agonist (M)
●Sjogren syndrome
●dry mouth
●open-angle glaucoma
emergency pressure lowering agent
Echothiophate (Phospholine) - ANS Cholinesterase Inhibitor (irreversible)
open-angle glaucoma (limited use)
, Scopolamine (Transderm Scop) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M
prevention of motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting
aclidinium - ANS cholinergic antagonist
long-acting anti-M
bronchodilator (maintenance)
★Ipratropium (Atrovent HFA) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
short-act anti-M
A
bronchodilator (maintenance+acute)
★Tiotropium (Spiriva) - ANS long-act anti-M
R
bronchodilator (maintenance+acute)
cyclopentolate - ANS aholinergic antagonist
anit-M
U
ophthalmic
mydriasis and cycloplegia
LA
★Benztropine (Cogentin) - ANS anti-M
Parkinson's disease
Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M
Parkinson's disease
C
Darifenacin (Enablex) - ANS cholinergic antagonist
anti-M3
lower frequency of bladder contraction
O
★Solifenacin (Vesicare) - ANS anti-M3
lower frequency of bladder contraction
D
cisatracurium - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
Mivacurium (Mivacron) - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
Rocuronium (Zemuron) - ANS neuromuscular blocker
inhibiting muscular contraction
