with solutions 2025
Rate of wound infections based on wound class (4) - ANSWER - clean: 1-5%
O O O O O O O O O O O O O
- clean contaminated: 3-11%
O O O
- contaminated: 10-17%
O O
- infected/dirty: > 27%
O O O
MUDPILES
- what is it for
O O O O O
- what does it stand for - ANSWER Causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
M - methanol
O O O
U - uremia
O O O
D - DKA
O O
P - paraldehyde
O O O
I - isoniazid
O O O
L - lactic acidosis
O O O O
E - ethylene glycol
O O O O
S - salicylates (ASA)
O O O
FRIENDS
- what is it for
O O O O O
- what does it stand for - ANSWER Causes of enterocutaneous fistulas
O O O O O O O O O O O O
F - foreign body
O O O
R - radiation
O O O
I - inflammation/infection/IBD
O O
E - epithelialization
O O O
, N - neoplasm
O O O
D - distal obstruction
O O O O
S
SIADH associated with which CA? - ANSWER small cell carcinoma
O O O O O O O O O
when to give hypertonic saline to correct hyponatremia - ANSWER -
O O O O O O O O O O
when patient is severely symptomatic
O O O O O O
- when patient is severely hyponatremic (Na < 110)
O O O O O O O O
calculating free water deficit - ANSWER men: O O O O O O O
FWD = 0.6(kg) x (measured Na - 140)/140
O O O O O O O
women:
FWD = 0.5(kg) x (measured Na - 140)/140
O O O O O O O
calculating ideal body weight - ANSWER men: O O O O O O O
50 + (0.91 × [height in centimeters − 152.4])
O O O O O O O O
women:
45.5 + (0.91 × [height in centimeters − 152.4])
O O O O O O O O
calculating Na deficit - ANSWER Na deficit = 0.6(weight) x (120 - measured Na)
O O O O O O O O O O O O O
steps in RAAS - ANSWER 1) angiotensinogen cleaved to angiotensin I by renin
O O O O O O O O O O O O O
2) angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II by ACE
O O O O O O O O O