NUR 170 Exam 4 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 (Rated A+)

NUR 170 Exam 4 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 (Rated A+) What are the symptoms for GERD or a Hiatal Hernia? - Answers -Heartburn -Indigestion -Pain -N&V What are ways to manage the symptoms of GERD or a Hiatal Hernia? - Answers -Lifestyle changes (diet=Low residue or bland) -Nutrition -Medications Which patients are at risk for GERD? - Answers -Obese -Older adults -Pregnant women -Tight clothing Patients with GERD are at risk for what? - Answers Aspiration Can a patient have GERD and not have a hernia? - Answers Yes Can a patient have a hernia and not have GERD? - Answers No If a patient has GERD, how should they lay in bed? - Answers On their right side or with the head of the bed at 30 degree angle What are common causes of peptic ulcer disease? - Answers - H. Pylori - NSAIDS - Stress How is the patient with an upper GI bleed managed? - Answers - 2-4L of oxygen nasal canula -Two large bore IV's -Isotonic solution - N/G tube - EGD with cauterization What is a sign of peritonitis? - Answers Boardlike abdomen What are the vital signs for a patient with an active bleed? - Answers Low BP, High pulse What part of the body does Crohns disease affect? - Answers "Gum to Bum"= Mouth all the way through the digestive tract is inflammed What part of the body does Ulcerative Colitis affect? - Answers Rectum/ Sigmoid colon Which disease is highly genetic? --Ulcerative Colitis -- Crohns - Answers Ulverative Colitis Which disease is more immune? --Ulcerative Colitis -- Crohns - Answers Crohns Describe the diarrhea in a patient with Ulcerative Colitis - Answers - Bloody/ Mucus stools - 10-20 stools a day - Urgent sensation to defecate Describe the diarrhea in a patient with Crohns disease - Answers -Steatorrhea (fatty and floating) - 5-6 stool a day - Rarely any bloody stools Which patient has strictures and Fistulas? - Answers Crohns disease What is the surgical intervention for Ulcerative Colitis? - Answers Removal of the colon resulting in a ileostomy What is the surgical intervention for Crohns? - Answers There is none. Only surgery is performed if something is wrong (perforations, strictures, or fistulas) Describe the stool of an illeostomy? - Answers Watery. Located on the right side of body Describe the stool of a colostomy? - Answers Formed. Located on the left side of the body If a colostomy is not draining, what should be done? - Answers - Moist warm towels on abdomen - Hot tea - Flexing knees to abdomen - DO NOT ADD FIBER How should an ostomy site (stoma) look? - Answers Reddish, pink, moist, soft -Should not be deep red, blue, black, dry, or firm What are the symptoms of IBS? - Answers - Diarrhea or Constipation - Soft, watery stool - Nausea when eating or defecating - Abnormal pain or bloating - ***Normal weight & nutrition - ***Normal labs What are some treatment options for IBS? - Answers - Probiotics - Fiber 30-40g per day - Immodium - Metamucil What is Diverticulosis? - Answers Pouching of the colon What is Diverticulitis? - Answers Inflammation of the pouch in the stomach What are the lab signs for diverticulitis? - Answers Increased WBC and decreased H&H Low or High fiber for Diverticulitis? - Answers Low (think litis= little) Low or High fiber for Diverticulosis? - Answers High What is the treatment for diverticulosis? - Answers -No laxatives or enemas -Avoid strenuous activities -Avoid seeds and nuts -Meds: Flagyl, Bactrim, Cipro What is the difference between a small and large bowel obstruction? - Answers Has to do with the small and large intestine Give examples of a mechanical bowel obstruction - Answers - Tumors - Scar tissue - Feces - Intussusception (when bowel pushes together) - Volvulus (twisting of the bowel) Give examples of a non-mechanical bowel obstruction - Answers Typically post op: paralytic illeus (section of the intestine where its not moving) Symptoms of a small bowel obstruction - Answers -Upper abdominal distention -Nausea and vomitting (possibly containing fecal material) -Obstipation (Severe or complete constipation) -Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalance Symptoms of a large bowel obstruction - Answers -Lower abdominal cramping -Lower abdominal distention -Ribbon like stools or obstipation Treatment (non-surgical) for a bowel obstruction - Answers - N/G tubes to decompress - Enemas and laxatives - IV fluids - Reposition the patient What medications are used to increase peristalsis? - Answers Reglan/Metoclopramide Who is at risk for Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis? - Answers The "4 F's" -Forties -Fat -Female -Fertile What is cholecystitis? - Answers Inflammation of the gallbladder What is cholelithitis? - Answers Gallstones