NCLEX NGN
pH - 7.35-7.45
PCO2 - 35-45
HCO3 - 22-26
PO2 - 80-100%
SaO2 - 96-100%
BUN - 8-25
Creatinine - 0.5-1
Waste product filtered out by kidneys
Total cholesterol - under 200
HDL - 30-70
Good cholesterol
LDL
Bad cholesterol - less than 130
,Triglycerides - under 200
Type of lipid that circulates in blood
High amount- increase risk heart disease and stroke
protein - 6-8
albumin - 3.5-5
-checks liver and kidney function
- high=dehydration, diarrhea
-low=kidney/liver disease, infection, inflammation
amylase - 25-151
Enzyme helps digest carbs
lipase - 10-140
Enzyme made in pancreas that break down fats
High- problem w prancers
ammonia - 10-80
Toxic waste product made during protein digestion
High- liver disease, kidney failure, genetic disorder, Reyes
ALT/AST - 10-40
Bilirubin - total less then 1.5
,glucose - 70-100
A1C - under 6%
Average blood sugar over 3 months
hemoglobin - woman 12-15, male 14-16
hematocrit - female 35-45% male 40-50%
platelets - 150,000-400,000
aPTT - 20-30 seconds
PT - 9-11 seconds
INR - 1 (with warfarin 2-3)
K - 3.5-5.0: intracellular, neuromuscular/muscular contraction, regulated by kidney.
o Foods: avocado, potatoes, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, raisins
o NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH, IM, SUBQ, max infusion 10 mEq/hr, K can cause phlebitis=assess IV site
frequently, assess renal function before administering, monitor I&O
o High/low=impacted heart rhythm, and muscle function w/ leg cramping
o High d/t: K retaining diuretics, CRF, Addison's, tissue damage- if CRF=Kayexalate, IV glucose with
insulin, Ca, dialysis, avoid salt substitutes
o Low d/t diuretics/corticosteroids, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction, CRF, -no supplements on empty
stomach
, o Hypo=st depression Hyper=Tall T waves
Na - 135-145: extracellular, regulates cell size and osmosis, maintains water balance, nerve impulses,
muscle contraction, BP, blood volume, regulates acid-base balance, regulated by salt intake,
aldosterone, urinary output
o Hyponatremia: d/t burns, diarrhea, HF, diuretics, vomiting, diaphoresis, CRF, SIADH, ^BS *Lithium Tox!
• S/s: mental confusion, seizures, hallucinations, brain herniation, death
o Hypernatremia: HTN, edema, Cushing's, CRF, hyperaldosteronism, hormones, NSAIDS
• s/s: lethargic, excitability, hypovolemia, pulm edema, muscle twitches, coma, dry flushed skin
Chloride - 96-106: helps balance Na, extracellular fluid
WBC - 5,000-10,oo0
60% Neutrophil: bacteria/fungus
40% Lymphocyte: virus/tumor
8% Monocyte: nonspecific
3% Eosinophil: allergies
0% Basophil: allergies
Troponin - lower then 0.1
BNP - under 100 (+100=HF)
Mg - 1.5-2.5: ½ in bone, muscle and nerve function, heart rhythm
o Hypermg: d/t CRF, antacids, Addisons, DM- give calcium gluconate
• s/s: lethargy, n/v, slurred speech, weakness, decreased DTR, slowed cardiac conduction
pH - 7.35-7.45
PCO2 - 35-45
HCO3 - 22-26
PO2 - 80-100%
SaO2 - 96-100%
BUN - 8-25
Creatinine - 0.5-1
Waste product filtered out by kidneys
Total cholesterol - under 200
HDL - 30-70
Good cholesterol
LDL
Bad cholesterol - less than 130
,Triglycerides - under 200
Type of lipid that circulates in blood
High amount- increase risk heart disease and stroke
protein - 6-8
albumin - 3.5-5
-checks liver and kidney function
- high=dehydration, diarrhea
-low=kidney/liver disease, infection, inflammation
amylase - 25-151
Enzyme helps digest carbs
lipase - 10-140
Enzyme made in pancreas that break down fats
High- problem w prancers
ammonia - 10-80
Toxic waste product made during protein digestion
High- liver disease, kidney failure, genetic disorder, Reyes
ALT/AST - 10-40
Bilirubin - total less then 1.5
,glucose - 70-100
A1C - under 6%
Average blood sugar over 3 months
hemoglobin - woman 12-15, male 14-16
hematocrit - female 35-45% male 40-50%
platelets - 150,000-400,000
aPTT - 20-30 seconds
PT - 9-11 seconds
INR - 1 (with warfarin 2-3)
K - 3.5-5.0: intracellular, neuromuscular/muscular contraction, regulated by kidney.
o Foods: avocado, potatoes, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, raisins
o NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH, IM, SUBQ, max infusion 10 mEq/hr, K can cause phlebitis=assess IV site
frequently, assess renal function before administering, monitor I&O
o High/low=impacted heart rhythm, and muscle function w/ leg cramping
o High d/t: K retaining diuretics, CRF, Addison's, tissue damage- if CRF=Kayexalate, IV glucose with
insulin, Ca, dialysis, avoid salt substitutes
o Low d/t diuretics/corticosteroids, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction, CRF, -no supplements on empty
stomach
, o Hypo=st depression Hyper=Tall T waves
Na - 135-145: extracellular, regulates cell size and osmosis, maintains water balance, nerve impulses,
muscle contraction, BP, blood volume, regulates acid-base balance, regulated by salt intake,
aldosterone, urinary output
o Hyponatremia: d/t burns, diarrhea, HF, diuretics, vomiting, diaphoresis, CRF, SIADH, ^BS *Lithium Tox!
• S/s: mental confusion, seizures, hallucinations, brain herniation, death
o Hypernatremia: HTN, edema, Cushing's, CRF, hyperaldosteronism, hormones, NSAIDS
• s/s: lethargic, excitability, hypovolemia, pulm edema, muscle twitches, coma, dry flushed skin
Chloride - 96-106: helps balance Na, extracellular fluid
WBC - 5,000-10,oo0
60% Neutrophil: bacteria/fungus
40% Lymphocyte: virus/tumor
8% Monocyte: nonspecific
3% Eosinophil: allergies
0% Basophil: allergies
Troponin - lower then 0.1
BNP - under 100 (+100=HF)
Mg - 1.5-2.5: ½ in bone, muscle and nerve function, heart rhythm
o Hypermg: d/t CRF, antacids, Addisons, DM- give calcium gluconate
• s/s: lethargy, n/v, slurred speech, weakness, decreased DTR, slowed cardiac conduction
