MN553 Unit 4 Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version 2025
What is the atopic triad - Answers Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic rhinitis
Initial asthma treatment - Answers Bronchodilators
-SABA
Examples of SABAs - Answers Albuterol
Levalbuterol
SABA MOA - Answers SABAs work on the smooth muscles of the lungs. SABAs target a receptor called
the beta-2 receptor in the airways. The drug activates the beta-2 receptor, and this helps relax the
muscles in the airway. As a result, breathing improves
Bronchodilation
Step up after bronchodilator use - Answers ICS
LABA
Leukotriene antagonists
What is used for acute asthma exacerbations - Answers IV corticosteroids
Magnesium sulfate
Oxygen
Asthma treatment includes - Answers •Inhaled steroids
,•Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs)
•Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)
•Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs)
•Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs)
•Theophylline
•Asthma biologics
•Immunotherapy
Examples of ICS - Answers Ciclesonide (Alvesco)
Budesonide (Plmicort
Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar)
ICS MOA - Answers Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most effective controllers of asthma. They
suppress inflammation mainly by switching off multiple activated inflammatory genes through reversing
histone acetylation via the recruitment of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2).
Examples of LABAs - Answers •Advair (fluticasone propionate/salmeterol)
•Dulera (mometasone/formoterol fumarate)
•Symbicort (budesonide/formoterol fumarate)
•Breo (fluticasone furoate/vilanterol)
Examples of Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) - Answers •Singulair (montelukast)
•Accolate (zafirlukast)
•Zyflo (zileuton)
LABA MOA - Answers highly specific agonist for Beta2 receptors with a prolonged duration of action (12
hours)
Inhibit mast cell mediator release, plasma exudation and may reduce sensory nerve activation.
,Relax airway smooth muscle by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors, which increases cyclic AMP and
antagonizes mechanisms of bronchoconstriction.
LTRA MOA - Answers inhibit leukotriene mediators of airway inflammation
Block the effects of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the airways—these leukotrienes are released during asthma
flare-ups and cause bronchoconstriction
Biologics for asthma - Answers •Xolair (omalizumab)
•Nucala (mepolizumab)
•Cinqair (reslizumab)
•Fasenra (benralizumab)
•Dupixent (dupilumab)
Classifications of asthma - Answers Mild persistent
Moderate persistent
Severe persistent
True or false
Asthma slightly differs definitions for adults and children - Answers True
Goals of asthma therapy - Answers Reduce impairment
Prevent chronic symptoms
True or false
Asthma is over diagnosed - Answers False
Differential diagnosis for asthma - Answers TB
, HIV/AIDS associated lung disease
Parasitic or fungal lung diseases
What type of approach is used for asthma diagnosis - Answers Syndromic approach
Before commencing long term treatment for asthma was does GINA recommend - Answers
Conformation of diagnosis with PFTs
Diagnostic criteria for PEF - Answers •>20% increase in PEF, 15 minutes after 2 puffs of salbutamol =
asthma likely (WHO-PEN)
•Improvement of symptoms and PEF after 4 weeks ICS treatment
Why can we not treat with SABAs along - Answers Regular use of SABA, even for 1-2 weeks, is associated
with increased AHR, reduced bronchodilator effect, increased allergic response, increased eosinophils
Can lead to viscious cycle encouraging overuse
Overuse of SABAs are associated with - Answers Increased exacerbation and increased mortality
Treatment for mild asthma - Answers Step 1 therapy
SABAs as needed of for symptoms
Exercise
Annual flu shot
Avoid triggers as symptoms occur when exposed to triggers
Treatment for mild persistent asthma - Answers Low dose ICS daily
-Mainstay for patients of all ages
What is the atopic triad - Answers Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic rhinitis
Initial asthma treatment - Answers Bronchodilators
-SABA
Examples of SABAs - Answers Albuterol
Levalbuterol
SABA MOA - Answers SABAs work on the smooth muscles of the lungs. SABAs target a receptor called
the beta-2 receptor in the airways. The drug activates the beta-2 receptor, and this helps relax the
muscles in the airway. As a result, breathing improves
Bronchodilation
Step up after bronchodilator use - Answers ICS
LABA
Leukotriene antagonists
What is used for acute asthma exacerbations - Answers IV corticosteroids
Magnesium sulfate
Oxygen
Asthma treatment includes - Answers •Inhaled steroids
,•Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs)
•Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)
•Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs)
•Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs)
•Theophylline
•Asthma biologics
•Immunotherapy
Examples of ICS - Answers Ciclesonide (Alvesco)
Budesonide (Plmicort
Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar)
ICS MOA - Answers Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most effective controllers of asthma. They
suppress inflammation mainly by switching off multiple activated inflammatory genes through reversing
histone acetylation via the recruitment of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2).
Examples of LABAs - Answers •Advair (fluticasone propionate/salmeterol)
•Dulera (mometasone/formoterol fumarate)
•Symbicort (budesonide/formoterol fumarate)
•Breo (fluticasone furoate/vilanterol)
Examples of Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) - Answers •Singulair (montelukast)
•Accolate (zafirlukast)
•Zyflo (zileuton)
LABA MOA - Answers highly specific agonist for Beta2 receptors with a prolonged duration of action (12
hours)
Inhibit mast cell mediator release, plasma exudation and may reduce sensory nerve activation.
,Relax airway smooth muscle by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors, which increases cyclic AMP and
antagonizes mechanisms of bronchoconstriction.
LTRA MOA - Answers inhibit leukotriene mediators of airway inflammation
Block the effects of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the airways—these leukotrienes are released during asthma
flare-ups and cause bronchoconstriction
Biologics for asthma - Answers •Xolair (omalizumab)
•Nucala (mepolizumab)
•Cinqair (reslizumab)
•Fasenra (benralizumab)
•Dupixent (dupilumab)
Classifications of asthma - Answers Mild persistent
Moderate persistent
Severe persistent
True or false
Asthma slightly differs definitions for adults and children - Answers True
Goals of asthma therapy - Answers Reduce impairment
Prevent chronic symptoms
True or false
Asthma is over diagnosed - Answers False
Differential diagnosis for asthma - Answers TB
, HIV/AIDS associated lung disease
Parasitic or fungal lung diseases
What type of approach is used for asthma diagnosis - Answers Syndromic approach
Before commencing long term treatment for asthma was does GINA recommend - Answers
Conformation of diagnosis with PFTs
Diagnostic criteria for PEF - Answers •>20% increase in PEF, 15 minutes after 2 puffs of salbutamol =
asthma likely (WHO-PEN)
•Improvement of symptoms and PEF after 4 weeks ICS treatment
Why can we not treat with SABAs along - Answers Regular use of SABA, even for 1-2 weeks, is associated
with increased AHR, reduced bronchodilator effect, increased allergic response, increased eosinophils
Can lead to viscious cycle encouraging overuse
Overuse of SABAs are associated with - Answers Increased exacerbation and increased mortality
Treatment for mild asthma - Answers Step 1 therapy
SABAs as needed of for symptoms
Exercise
Annual flu shot
Avoid triggers as symptoms occur when exposed to triggers
Treatment for mild persistent asthma - Answers Low dose ICS daily
-Mainstay for patients of all ages
