NATIONAL PHYSICAL THERAPY EXAM (NPTE)
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
List the functions of the skeletal system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Supports and shape
the body
-Protects vital organs
-Produced red blood cells
-Stores calcium and phosphorus
Name the muscles that the axillary nerve innervates - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Deltoids
-Teres minor
Name the muscles that the musculocutaneous nerve innervates - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅-Biceps
-Brachialis
-Coracobrachialis
Sternoclavicualar joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Connects the clavicle and UE to the
axial skeleton
-plane joint
-motions: elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, and rotation* (check book for accuracy)
Scapulohumeral Rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅For every 2 degrees of GH flexion
and abduction, there is a corresponding 2 degrees of scapular upward rotation
-prevents impingement of supraspinatus
-maintains length: tension relationship of muscles
Explain the scale of Manual Muscle Testing (MMT): - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-5:
Normal, max resistance
-4: Good, mod resistance
,-3: Fair, AROM AG
-2: Poor, AROM GL
-1: Trace, palpable/visible contraction
-0: Absent
What muscles make up the rotator cuff? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅"SITS" muscles
-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres minor
-Subscapularis
Glenohumeral Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-approximation of the humeral head and
glenoid fossa
-ball and socket joint
-3 degrees of freedom
-high mobility low stability
-most functional in scaption plane
What muscles in the sternoclavicular joint limit motion? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-
Anterior/Posterior sternoclavicular tendon limit ant/post translation
-Costoclavicular tendon limits elevation
-Interclavicular tendon limits depression
List the types of bones: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-long: femur
-short: trapezoid
-flat: sternum
-irregular: vertabrae
-sesamoid: patella
,Rotator cuff - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-comprised of 4 muscles ("SITS" muscles)
-prevents the humeral head from rotating on the glenoid fossa
Trendelenburg - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅gait deviation caused by weak hip abductors on
stance leg
-How to treat:
strengthen muscles, use AD, rest before getting tired, vc/tc
Synovial Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no direct union between bony ends.
-articulates ends of bones with hyaline/articular cartilage by a cavity/capsule filled with synovial
fluid
-limited stability, but allows free motion
Acromialclavicular Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Articulation between the acromion
and lateral clavicle
-Superior/Inferior acromioclavicular ligaments: provides stability
Saddle joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allows motions in 2+ directions
-bones fit together like horseback rider in a saddle
-EX: CMC of thumb
Ball-and-socket joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allows motion in all 3 planes
-EX: hip/GH
Pivot joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-allows motion in the transverse plane
-EX: proximal radioulnar joint
, Condyloid joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Motion in 2 different directions
-Wrist & MCP's
Hinge joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Motion occurs in 1 plane and 1 axis
-EX: humeroulnar & IP joints
What are the 5 normal end feels? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Hard: (elbow ext.)
-Firm muscular (hip flex. w/ knee flex.)
-Firm capsular (MCP ext.)
-Firm ligamentous (forearm sup.)
-Soft (elbow/knee flexion)
What are the 4 abnormal end feels? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Hard (Fx, OA,
osteomyelitis)
-Firm (tight ligament/capsular, increased muscular tone)
-Soft: edema
-Empty: too painful to reach end ROM
Minimal Assistance (MinA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 25% of the work
pt does 75% of the work
Moderate Assistance (ModA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 50% of the work
pt does 50% of the work
Maximum Assistance (MaxA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 75% of the work
pt does 25% of the work
Dependent (Total A) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 76-100% of the work
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
List the functions of the skeletal system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Supports and shape
the body
-Protects vital organs
-Produced red blood cells
-Stores calcium and phosphorus
Name the muscles that the axillary nerve innervates - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Deltoids
-Teres minor
Name the muscles that the musculocutaneous nerve innervates - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅-Biceps
-Brachialis
-Coracobrachialis
Sternoclavicualar joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Connects the clavicle and UE to the
axial skeleton
-plane joint
-motions: elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, and rotation* (check book for accuracy)
Scapulohumeral Rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅For every 2 degrees of GH flexion
and abduction, there is a corresponding 2 degrees of scapular upward rotation
-prevents impingement of supraspinatus
-maintains length: tension relationship of muscles
Explain the scale of Manual Muscle Testing (MMT): - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-5:
Normal, max resistance
-4: Good, mod resistance
,-3: Fair, AROM AG
-2: Poor, AROM GL
-1: Trace, palpable/visible contraction
-0: Absent
What muscles make up the rotator cuff? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅"SITS" muscles
-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres minor
-Subscapularis
Glenohumeral Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-approximation of the humeral head and
glenoid fossa
-ball and socket joint
-3 degrees of freedom
-high mobility low stability
-most functional in scaption plane
What muscles in the sternoclavicular joint limit motion? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-
Anterior/Posterior sternoclavicular tendon limit ant/post translation
-Costoclavicular tendon limits elevation
-Interclavicular tendon limits depression
List the types of bones: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-long: femur
-short: trapezoid
-flat: sternum
-irregular: vertabrae
-sesamoid: patella
,Rotator cuff - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-comprised of 4 muscles ("SITS" muscles)
-prevents the humeral head from rotating on the glenoid fossa
Trendelenburg - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅gait deviation caused by weak hip abductors on
stance leg
-How to treat:
strengthen muscles, use AD, rest before getting tired, vc/tc
Synovial Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no direct union between bony ends.
-articulates ends of bones with hyaline/articular cartilage by a cavity/capsule filled with synovial
fluid
-limited stability, but allows free motion
Acromialclavicular Joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Articulation between the acromion
and lateral clavicle
-Superior/Inferior acromioclavicular ligaments: provides stability
Saddle joints - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allows motions in 2+ directions
-bones fit together like horseback rider in a saddle
-EX: CMC of thumb
Ball-and-socket joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Allows motion in all 3 planes
-EX: hip/GH
Pivot joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-allows motion in the transverse plane
-EX: proximal radioulnar joint
, Condyloid joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Motion in 2 different directions
-Wrist & MCP's
Hinge joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Motion occurs in 1 plane and 1 axis
-EX: humeroulnar & IP joints
What are the 5 normal end feels? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Hard: (elbow ext.)
-Firm muscular (hip flex. w/ knee flex.)
-Firm capsular (MCP ext.)
-Firm ligamentous (forearm sup.)
-Soft (elbow/knee flexion)
What are the 4 abnormal end feels? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Hard (Fx, OA,
osteomyelitis)
-Firm (tight ligament/capsular, increased muscular tone)
-Soft: edema
-Empty: too painful to reach end ROM
Minimal Assistance (MinA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 25% of the work
pt does 75% of the work
Moderate Assistance (ModA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 50% of the work
pt does 50% of the work
Maximum Assistance (MaxA) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 75% of the work
pt does 25% of the work
Dependent (Total A) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅PTA does 76-100% of the work
