Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs

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Test11Bank11Advanced11Physiology11and11Pathophysiology11Essentials11for11Clinical11Practice111st 1
11Edition11Tkacs




Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs



Chapter111.11THE11 FOUNDATIONAL11 CONCEPTS11OF11CLINICALPRACT
ICE


1.
The11characteristic,11 localized11 cardinal11signs11 of11acute11inflammation11 includ
e:
A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.

D) granuloma.


2.
The11vascular,11hemodynamic11stage11of11acute11inflammation11is11initia
ted11by11momentary11vasoconstriction11followed11by11vasodilation11that11c
auses11localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale11skin.

D) coolness.


3.
The11cellular11stage11of11acute11inflammation11is11marked11by11the11mo
vement11of11leukocytes11into11the11area.11Which11of11the11following11cells
11arrives11early11in11great11numbers?

A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

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Test11Bank11Advanced11Physiology11and11Pathophysiology11Essentials11for11Clinical11Practice111st 2
11Edition11Tkacs


4.
The11phagocytosis11process11involves11three11distinct11steps.11What11i
s11the11initial11step11in11the11process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular11killing

C) Antigen11margination
D) Recognition11and11 adherence


5.
Which11of11the11following11mediators11of11inflammation11causes11increase
d11capillary11permeability11and11pain?
A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric11oxide


6.
Inflammatory11exudates11are11a11combination11of11several11types.11W
hich11of11the11following11exudates11is11composed11of11enmeshed11necr
otic11cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The11acute-
phase11systemic11response11usually11begins11within11hours11of11the11onset1
1of11inflammation11and11includes:

A) fever11and11 lethargy.
B) decreased11C-reactive11 protein.

C) positive11nitrogen11balance.
D) low11erythrocyte11 sedimentation11rate.


8.
In11contrast11to11acute11inflammation,11chronic11inflammation11is11chara
cterized11by11which11of11the11following11phenomena?

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Test11Bank11Advanced11Physiology11and11Pathophysiology11Essentials11for11Clinical11Practice111st 3
11Edition11Tkacs


A) Profuse11fibrinous11exudation
B) A11shift11to11the11left11 of11granulocytes
C) Metabolic11and11 respiratory11alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis11 and11activated11 macrophages


9. Exogenous11pyrogens11(interleukin-
1)11and11the11presence11of11bacteria11in11the11blood11lead11to11the11release11
of11endogenous11pyrogens11that:
A) stabilize11thermal11control11in11the11 brain.

B) produce11 leukocytosis11 and11 anorexia.
C) block11viral11replication11in11cells.

D) inhibit11prostaglandin11release.


10
An11older11adult11patient11 has11just11sheared11 the11skin11on11her11elbow11 while
11 attempted
.
to11boost11herself11up11in11bed,11an11event11that11has11precipitated11acute
11inflammation11in11the11region11surrounding11the11wound.11Which11of11th
e11following11events11will11occur11during11the11vascular11stage11of11the11p
atients11inflammation?
A) Outpouring11of11exudate11into11 interstitial11spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation11of11leukocytes11along11the11epithelium
D) Phagocytosis11 of11cellular11debris


11
Which11of11the11 following11 individuals11most11 likely11has11the11 highest11risk11
of
. experiencing11chronic11 inflammation?
A) A11patient11 who11has11 recently11been11diagnosed11 with11type11 211 diabetes
B) A11patient11who11 is11a11carrier11 of11an11antibiotic-resistant11 organism

C)
A11patient11who11 is11taking11 oral11antibiotics11 for11 an11upper11 respiratory11i
nfection
D)
A11patient11who11is11 morbidly11obese11and11 who11has11 a11 sedentary11lifestyl
e

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Test11Bank11Advanced11Physiology11and11Pathophysiology11Essentials11for11Clinical11Practice111st 4
11Edition11Tkacs
12
Which11of11the11 following11 core11 body11temperatures11 is11within11 normal11 ran
ge?
.
A) 35.9C11 (96.6F)