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Test Bank For McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 9th Edition By Julia Rogers, All Chapters 1 – 50, A+ guide.

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Test Bank For McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 9th Edition By Julia Rogers, All Chapters 1 – 50, A+ guide.

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Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis For Dise
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Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Dise











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Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Dise
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Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Dise

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January 24, 2025
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2024/2025
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK
ir ir ir ir ir




McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH
ED(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION)




NURSINGTB.COM

, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK ir ir ir ir ir




Chapter 1: Cellular Biologyir ir ir ir




ir

MULTIPLE CHOICE ir ir
ir


1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: C ir ir


In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their su
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


rroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metaboli
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


c absorption.
ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 2 ir ir ir
ir


2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus ir ir ir


b. Ribosome d. Lysosome ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: C ir ir


The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not c
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ontain most of a cell’s genetic information.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 2 ir ir ir
ir



3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (HNURSINGTB.COM
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir



2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative re
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


action? ir


a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes ir ir ir


b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: B ir ir


Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxiso
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


mes. Ribosomes are RNA- ir ir ir


protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into th
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


e cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosom
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


es are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 dig
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


estive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, an
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


d carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme production.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 8 ir ir ir




NURSINGTB.COM

, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK ir ir ir ir ir



ir


4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injur
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


y? ir


a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ir ir ir ir ir


b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes ir ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: D ir ir


The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzyme
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


s within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matr
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of t
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


he lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular s
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


elf-digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process. ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Pages 7-8 ir ir ir
ir


5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells f
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


rom the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome f
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


or synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the lysosome f
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


or synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: A ir ir


The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for s
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ynthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. The other options do
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir i


not correctly describe this process.
r ir ir ir ir ir


ir
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5 ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir


6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


a. G1 c. G2 ir ir ir


b. S d. M ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: B ir ir


The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is the peri
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


od between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S = s
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ynthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during whi
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ch RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the completion of DNA synthesis
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which includes nuclear and cytoplasmic divisi
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


on. ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 37 ir ir ir
ir


7. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptor
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


s, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


a. Lipids c. Proteins ir ir ir




NURSINGTB.COM

, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK ir ir ir ir ir




b. Proteases ir d. Carbohydrates
ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: C ir ir


Proteins act as (1) recognition and binding units (receptors) for substances moving in and ou
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


t of the cell; (2) pores or transport channels for various electrically charged particles called i
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ons or electrolytes and specific carriers for amino acids and monosaccharides; and (3) specif
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ic enzymes that drive active pumps that promote the concentration of certain ions, particular
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ly potassium (K+), within the cell while keeping concentrations of other ions, for example, s
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


odium (Na+), below the concentrations found in the extracellular environment. The other opt
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ions do not correctly describe this process.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 13 | Page 15 ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir


8. Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades, such as caspase- ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


mediated apoptosis and complement cascades, may be useful in designing drug therapy for w
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


hich human diseases?
ir ir ir


a. Cardiac and vascular disorders ir ir ir ir


b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders ir ir ir ir


c. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders ir ir ir ir


d. Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders ir ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: B ir ir


Understanding the various steps involved in this process is crucial for designing drug interve ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ntions. Dysregulation of proteases features prominently in many human diseases, including
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative disorders. The other options do not correctly
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


describe this process. ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Page 15 ir ir ir
ir


9. Which structure prevents water- ir ir ir


soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir NURSINGTB.COM

a. Carbohydrate chains ir ir c. Membrane channel proteins
ir ir ir ir


b. Glycoprotein channels ir ir d. Lipid bilayer
ir ir ir
ir

ir


ANS: D ir ir


The bilayer’s structure accounts for one of the essential functions of the plasma membrane. I
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


t is impermeable to most water-
ir ir ir ir ir


soluble molecules (molecules that dissolve in water) because the water-
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


soluble molecules are insoluble in the oily core region. The bilayer serves as a barrier to the
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


diffusion of water and hydrophilic substances while allowing lipid-
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


soluble molecules, such as oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), to diffuse through it readi
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


ly. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir
ir

PTS: 1 ir ir REF: Pages 12-13 ir ir ir
ir


10. The fluid mosaic model explains:
ir ir ir ir ir


a. How a cell membrane functions ir ir ir ir ir


b. Why our bodies appear to be solid ir ir ir ir ir ir ir


c. How tissue is differentiated ir ir ir ir


d. How fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments
ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir ir




NURSINGTB.COM

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